International Journal of Health Studies
Volume:9 Issue: 2, Apr-Jun 2023

addiction is one of the most critical problems that has reached a global scale, and has gone beyond the borders of health care, and has become a psychological, social, and family problem. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the causes of women's tendency to drugs and psychotropic substances in Gorgan.

The research method is cross-sectional and descriptive. The statistical population included all women who came to addiction treatment clinics in Gorgan in 2019. The sampling method was available, and the sample size was 60 people. A questionnaire on the causes of women's addiction to drugs was used to collect data. Data were analyzed for their univariate nature using descriptive statistics (Frequency, percentage, central indicators, and dispersion).

The results of data analysis showed that among the seven factors studied in the causes of women's tendency to drugs and psychosis, the important factors are psychological, cultural, economic, social, physical, religious, and geographical, respectively. Addiction is a complex and polyhedral disease. And in this study, the psychological factor was one of the most important factors in women's tendency to drugs and psychotropic substances.

Therefore, it seems that understanding the underlying factors causes the process of prevention, identification, treatment, and follow-up to be purposefully planned.

Marital conflicts are the result of a couple disagreeing about personal goals, motivations, values, or behavioral priorities. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the solution-based couple therapy and training of couple communication program (TCCP) on the marital conflict resolution style of women visiting counseling centers.

The present study was a quasi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all women with conflict (N=240) who were referred to specialized counseling centers for family consolidation in the 19th district of Tehran in 2020. The research sample consisted of 60 people who were selected by the available sampling method and were randomly assigned to three groups (two experimental groups and one control group). After performing the pre-test, solution-based couple therapy and TCCP were performed on the experimental groups, but the control group did not receive any treatment. In the end, a post-test was performed on all three groups. The research instrument included a Rahim Couples Conflict Resolution Styles Questionnaire and data were analyzed by analysis of variance. The significant level was set at 0.05.

The results showed that solution-based couple therapy and TCCP are effective in the marital conflict resolution style of women referring to counseling centers. Also, there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of solution-based couple therapy and TCCP on the marital conflict resolution style of women referring to counseling centers (Pvalue=0.025).

solution-based couple therapy and training of couple communication programs can reduce the marital conflict of women referring to counseling centers to an acceptable level.

 Professional drivers are populations that are exposed to a sedentary lifestyle. A sedentary lifestyle can cause anthropometric, metabolic, and cardiological disorders in individuals. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the anthropometric and cardiometabolic disorders in professional drivers in Shahroud.

 This cross-sectional study was performed on 984 professional drivers (who drove more than 8 hours a day) in Shahroud in 2020. Required information includes metabolic factors (LDL, HDL, cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, and blood pressure) and anthropometric factors (BMI, Waist circumference, Hip Circumference, and Wrist Circumference) extracted from their health records.

 In professional drivers, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 41.6% and 18.9%, respectively. 77.8% had abnormal waist circumference, 3.8% had FBS≥126 mg/dl, 32.8% had LDL more than 130 mg/dl, 31.7% Cholesterol more than 200 mg/dl and 81.8% drivers had HDL less than 45 mg/dl. The mean level of cardiometabolic factors such as SBP, DBP, FBS, and cholesterol was 132.20, 80.56, 97.13, and 190.35, respectively. Also, from view point of anthropometric indices, the average weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, wrist circumference, and BMI was 80.22, 98.59, 103.30, 18.21, and 27.02, respectively.

  According to the findings, professional drivers are exposed to cardiometabolic risk factors including FBS, cholesterol, LDL, and blood pressure, as well as anthropometric disorders including increased body mass index, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference.

 A successful marriage is essential to the formation of a healthy family. Choosing a spouse is the first and most crucial step in establishing a successful marriage. This study aimed to develop and validate a mental health literacy-based premarital education program.

 To conduct a qualitative inquiry, the current study used the Delphi technique. The statistical population of this study consists of psychologists and premarital counseling professionals. The present study's sample consists of 47 individuals who were recruited using a method of purposive sampling. Using a questionnaire developed by the researchers, the components of the concept of mental health literacy were examined. Using Kendall's coordination coefficient, the level of consensus among Delphi method participants was determined. Then, Lawshe's content validity ratio was utilized to assess the content validity of the program based on this component.

 Seven components of physical and physiological health, mental and cognitive health, emotional and mental health, social and communication health, economic and financial health, spiritual and religious health, and mental health literacy were identified based on the results of two questionnaire stages using the Delphi method. In addition, the results reveal that the value of Kendall's coefficient for all components is 0.29 and the significance level for Kendall's coordination coefficient is 0.05, indicating that there is a significant level of agreement among the Delphi method participants. The index of content ratio (CVR) for the educational program was greater than the value calculated using the Lawshe method (0.85). Therefore, the content validity of the mental health literacy educational program is satisfactory.

 Considering the validity of the educational program, it is recommended that it be implemented in family education centers.

Depression, anxiety, and stress are factors affecting people's quality of life. Quality of life also affects people's social status (occupation), and this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of depression, anxiety, and stress with job burnout in emergency department employees of Urmia medical education centers.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on the personnel of the emergency department of four medical educational hospitals in Urmia using available sampling method. The data was collected using a demographic information questionnaire, a depression, anxiety and stress questionnaire, and a job burnout questionnaire. After collecting the data, it was entered into SPSS 18 and analyzed with descriptive and analytical statistics.

In this study, the results showed that out of 100 participants in the study, 48% were men and the average age of the participants was 29.72 ± 6.22 years. In job burnout, the highest score related to emotional burnout was 28±9 and the lowest score was 14±6 for depersonalization, and in anxiety, depression, and stress, the highest score was 14.1±9 for stress and the lowest score was 7±5 for anxiety. There was no correlation between job burnout and depression, anxiety, and stress.

Emergency personnel are exposed to burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress. Therefore, it is necessary to know the sources, and on the other hand, it is recommended to create favorable and suitable conditions for personnel by holding appropriate educational-therapeutic courses.

 Self-harm is more prevalent than previously thought in adolescent and young adult populations. This study aimed to test the structural model of the relationship between pathological personality traits and adolescents' tendency to self-harm behavior based on the mediating role of hyper-competitive attitude.

 This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 205 girls with self-damage selected for sampling during 3 months (September to December) in Teheran, Iran, 2021. The participants were selected through snowball sampling method and answered the Competitive Attitude Scale (CAS); Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and Self-Harm Inventory (SHI) questionnaires. The results were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), AMOS18 software.

 Findings of the structural model test showed that each of the dimensions of abnormal personality has a positive effect on hyper-competitive attitude, also the effect of extreme competition on self-harm was positive and significant. On the other hand, the mediating role of hyper-competitive attitude in the relationship between abnormal personality dimensions and self-harm was confirmed. Fit indices with values (X2 / df = 2.49, RMSEA = 0.08, GFI = 0.98, CFI = 0.98) also showed that the tested model has an acceptable fit with the concept model.

 Individuals suffering from pathological personalities and self-harm tendencies exhibited hyper-competitive attitudes. In assessment and treatment settings, our findings provide the best prognostic information to explain psychopathology and to highlight abnormal personality traits and self-harm behaviors in adolescents.

 Suicide attempt is an important psychological problem all over the world, and its upward trend is alarming due to its harmful consequences on family, society, and the economy. This study was conducted with the aim of presenting a picture of suicide attempts and related factors in Northeastern Iran.

 In this cross-sectional descriptive analytical  study, the trauma registration information forms of the ministry of health of Iran, were used in the emergency department(ED) of three hospitals in the city of Shahrood within  two Iranian calender years. The data of people who attempted suicide and referred to ED of these hospitals were collected  by trained nurses.  Analysis was done by IBM SPSS statistics version 23. The significant level was considered 0.05.

 The findings showed that 793 individuals with suicide attempts were referred to the ED of hospitals within 2 years. Among them 321 (40.5%) were men and 470 (59.3%) were women. The rate of suicide attempt among men was  125.87/100,000,among women 186.00/100,000,totally155.84 /100,000. Suicide attempted in the age group under 30 (71.2%) was more than in other age groups and complete suicide was significantly more in men. The ratio of male : female suicide attempts was 0.68. In the age group of 10 to 60, the percentage of suicide attempts was higher in women than in men, but in the age group of 60 to 80, the percentage of suicide attempts was higher in men, and this difference was significantly higher (p-value=0.035). In addition, there was a significant difference in the place of suicide attempts in men and women (p-value=0.029).

 Our results is more than Iranian average. Considering youth and teenagers, especially girls are vulnerable to suicide attempts, are teachers of a happy and dynamic generation in the near future. Effective preventive interventions are essential. These local interventions can be designed to provide psychological consultation and mental health educational services to families and individuals, and continuous monitoring of people with a history of suicide attempts is crucial.

 In a successful marriage, many psychological and physical needs can be met in a safe environment. Choosing a mate is the first and most important step in the marriage process. Towards this end, the present study examined the effect of a mental health literacy program on improving emotion regulation and attitudes towards the selection of a mate in individuals on the verge of marriage. 

 The present study applied research in terms of a quasi-experimental research method of pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all girls and boys on the eve of marriage in Shahroud in 1400. The scales of the Mate Selection Attitudes Questionnaire (Shahabi Farahani, 2018) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski and Kraaij, 2006) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance. 

 The results of covariance analysis showed that the mental health literacy program led to the improvement of emotion regulation and attitudes towards choosing a mate in people on the verge of marriage (P<0.01).

Considering the results of this study, it is believed that a mental health literacy program will help not only with emotion regulation but also with modifying mate selection attitudes.