Journal of adolescent and youth psychological studies
Volume:4 Issue: 7, 2023

The aim of this study was to compare the quality of satisfactory stable marriage and dissatisfaction-associated marriages in infertile couples.

This study was conducted using a qualitative method using the grounded theory method. Using purposeful sampling method, participants were selected according to inclusion criteria and finally 18 infertile couples with satisfactory and stable marriage and 15 infertile couples in marriage with dissatisfaction were interviewed semi-structured and the data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method.

The result of open coding was reaching 202 primary codes, 84 sub-categories and 8 main categories and one central category. The central issue in this study is infertility: a dynamic for experiencing genuine and committed love in marriage or its dissatisfaction and disintegration. Data analysis showed that protective and risk factors affecting satisfactory stable marriage and couples with dissatisfaction were defined in three areas of intrapersonal factors, interpersonal and couple factors and factors related to family system.

According to the results of this study, achieving acceptance of infertility and the experience of genuine and committed love in marriage or its dissatisfaction and collapse is not accidental in infertile couples, but by choosing constructive and active action or using ineffective strategies created and is an individual, family and interactive process that infertile couples can make with conscious efforts to grow and transcend marriage and take care of it, companionship, couple unity and acquisition. Couple skills and efficient strategies for health and happiness and finally gain satisfaction and stability in marriage and prevent dissatisfaction and breakdown of their marriage.

Throughout human life, security is considered one of the main human needs and its importance has increased in the modern era to such an extent that according to some experts, the special and unique work of governments in today's modern world is to establish Security is due to the importance of security and the feeling of security, the present research has investigated the level of feeling of social security and the recognition of the most important factors related to it.

This research was conducted by survey method and using questionnaire technique. The statistical population of the research is all young people aged 20-35 living in Tabriz city, and the sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula of 400 people. They were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method.

The data analysis indicated that, if communication and information technology is used correctly, it can be used as an empowerment tool for the development of more comprehensive social security. The correlation coefficient between the amount of use of information technology with the social security feeling variable is equal to (0.115) and its significance level is (0.021), which indicates that there is a significant and direct relationship between the two variables. Among the dimensions of feeling of social security, the lowest feeling of security is related to the dimension of moral security and the highest feeling of security is related to the dimension of personal security.

The findings indicated that there was a significant and direct relationship between the amount of information technology use and the feeling of social security.

The present research was designed and implemented to compare the effectiveness of teaching cognitive learning strategies and metacognitive learning strategies on the academic buoyancy of Tehran students in the academic year 2020-21.

The current research was conducted as a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test along with a control and follow-up group. The research population included students who were studying in Tehran in 2021; A random sampling method was used to select the sample. They were replaced in the test 1 and test 2 groups and the control group. First, the pre-test was performed for all three groups, then one training group was taught cognitive learning strategies and the other experimental group was taught metacognitive learning strategies; However, there was no intervention in the control group, and at the end, a post-test was taken from all three groups. The questionnaire used in the research was the Academic Buoyancy Questionnaire by Martin and Marsh (2008). To analyze the data, the method of mixed variance analysis was used.  

The interaction of stages with the experimental group was effective in three stages of measurement in academic monitoring (F=8.78, P=0.001).

The results showed that according to the average scores of the pre-test and post-test and comparing them with the control group, the academic buoyancy of the students has increased; Also, a follow-up test was taken after one month, in which the post-test changes remained stable and stable.

The needs of today's life, human beings with numerous challenges, stress and pressures that require effective coping with them to have socio-psychosocial abilities. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based group therapy and cognitive behavioral group therapy on emotional regulation, psychological capitals and and coping strategies of students.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre, post and follow-up design with control group. To this end, 75 students whom had criteria for entering the research were selected through convenience sampling and using simple random selection to input them into three groups (two experimental proups and one control group- each group 25 members). The workshops were held once a week for 12 sessions of 90 mins. In this research emotion regulation breaf form (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006), psychological capitals (Luthans & Avolio, 2007) and coping strategies (Folkman & Lazarus, 1988) questionnaires administered among selected samples.  

The findings confirmed that two interventions were not significantly different on emotion regulation (P=0.440) but acceptance and commitment-based group therapy was significantly more effective than cognitive behavioral group therapy on psychological capitals (P=0.024) and coping strategies (P<0.0001); and this significant difference effectiveness was stable in follow-up stage only on coping strategies (P=0.044), but for emotion regulation (P=0.840) and psychological capitals (P=0.680) no significant difference had found.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral group therapy are two useful methods of therapy to help the students.

Students can better understand what they have learned and prepare to build a better future. The present research was conducted to provide a model of educational policy for skill learning of first-year high school students.

In terms of the applied goal, this research was exploratory mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of data, and in terms of nature, in the qualitative dimension, it was a systemic (paradigm) foundation data, and in the quantitative dimension, it was a cross-sectional survey. The statistical population of the qualitative part included university professors and experts who had papers in the field of skill training, and in the quantitative part, it included all the teachers of the first year of secondary education in the central province who had a master's degree and above in the field of educational sciences, numbering 500 people. The sampling method in the qualitative part is purposeful and theoretical, and with the number of 15 experts, the theoretical saturation was reached. In the quantitative part of the sample size, 217 people were selected based on Morgan's volume determination formula. In the current research, after the open and axial coding of the measurement tool, it was sent in the form of a set form and sent to experts for selective coding and validation. Based on this, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed and distributed among the randomly selected statistical sample. Then the collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

As a result, 5 dimensions, 20 components and 118 indicators were finalized for the educational policy model of students' skill learning.

After the final approval and prioritization of the experts, the dimensions, components and indicators of the model were drawn, and the experts again validated the said model.

The prevalence of obesity and overweight is increasing at an alarming rate in Iran, which can bring various psychological consequences for obese people. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness training based on eating on alexythymia and self-differentiation of overweight women.

The current research design was a semi-experimental type of pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population in this research included all overweight women of Gonbadkavus city who referred to overweight and obesity treatment clinics in the first half of 2021. From the statistical population of the research, a sample group consisting of 30 overweight women who were selected in a purposeful way and then randomly assigned to two experimental groups (mind-awareness training based on eating) (15 people) and control (15 people) became Then overweight women in the experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes each week, one session of mindfulness training based on eating, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The tools of the research were Toronto et al.'s (2007) alexithymia questionnaires and Skowron and Friedlander's (1988) self-differentiation questionnaire. Analysis of variance with repeated measurements and spss software were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there was a significant difference in terms of improving the difficulty of identifying emotions (F=8.16, P<0.001), the difficulty in describing emotions (F=10.83, P<0.001), and thinking. outward oriented (F=10.89, P<0.001), emotional reaction (F=78.35, P<0.001), my position (F=60.34, P<0.001), cut emotional (F=34.89, P<0.001) and mixing with others (F=79.61, P<0.001) between subjects in the experimental group compared to the control group.

It can be concluded that mindfulness training based on eating was effective on alexythymia and self-differentiation of overweight women and this effect continued until the follow-up period.

One of the axes of evaluating the health of different societies is the mental health status of the people of that society, and it is very important to pay attention to the psychological health status of different groups of society, especially the youth. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing the effectiveness of rational emotional behavior therapy and positive cognitive behavior therapy on psychological well-being in unmarried women aged 25 to 35 in Tehran.

The test was with a control group and with a follow-up phase. The statistical population of this research was unmarried women aged 25 to 35 years old in Tehran who visited the neighborhood centers in one district of Tehran in the second half of 2021. The sampling method was purposeful. The research included a control group and two experimental groups, the number of each group was 20 people who were randomly placed in these groups. The instrument used in this research included Ryff's psychological well-being questionnaire (1989). The data analysis of this research was done in two sections of descriptive and inferential statistics. In the inferential statistics section, according to the research design, univariate covariance analysis test was used and SPSS version 24 software was used for data analysis.

The findings showed that both interventions are effective in increasing the psychological well-being of unmarried women aged 25 to 35, and this effect is stable in the follow-up phase. Comparing the results of these two interventions showed that the effect of positive cognitive behavior therapy on psychological well-being with an effect size of 0.54 is greater than that of rational emotional behavior therapy with an effect size of 0.49.

According to the findings of this research, it can be said that the positive cognitive behavior therapy method is more effective than the rational emotional behavior therapy method on the psychological well-being of unmarried women aged 25 to 35 in Tehran, and this effect is stable in the follow-up phase. The positive cognitive behavior therapy approach can be used by therapists and clients as an effective method to improve the psychological well-being of unmarried women

It is necessary to identify psychological treatments effective in improving the mental health of patients with chronic blood pressure, so the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive therapy on the tolerance of distress and rumination in patients with chronic blood pressure

The present research was a quasi-experimental type of pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the present study was all patients with high blood pressure who referred to the specialized and super-specialized center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in 2021. Among the qualified people who volunteered to participate in the research, 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly placed in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group participated in nine 90-minute sessions of positive therapy training based on Marrero et al.'s (2016) therapy package, but the control group did not receive therapy. Data collection tools included Simons and Gaher (2005) distress tolerance scale and Nolen Hoeksema and Morrow (1991) rumination scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software and multivariate analysis of covariance at a significance level of α=0.05.

The results showed that positive treatment significantly increased distress tolerance (F=75.29, P<0.001) and decreased rumination (F=24.73, P<0.001) in patients with chronic hypertension.

The results emphasize the importance of positive therapy in patients with chronic hypertension and providing new horizons in clinical interventions. Therefore, positive therapy can be used as a complementary treatment to create a positive and appropriate change in patients with chronic hypertension.

Entering the university is always associated with a range of stressful academic, financial, communication, social and sometimes distance from the family. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the fit of the structural model of maladaptive schemas based on individual trauma and social trauma with the mediation of attachment styles.

The study method was correlational. The statistical population was all the students of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch, in the academic year 2020-21. The statistical sample consisted of 380 students who were selected online. Hazan and Shaver's (1987) attachment style questionnaire, Young's early maladaptive schemas questionnaire (1998), Bernstein et al.'s (2003) childhood trauma questionnaire, and researcher-made social trauma questionnaire were used.

The results showed that personal trauma has an effect on early maladaptive schemas with the mediation of secure attachment style (P<0.01); Personal trauma with the mediation of avoidant and ambivalent attachment style has no effect on early maladaptive schemas (P<0.05); Social trauma has an effect on early maladaptive schemas with the mediation of secure and avoidant attachment style (P<0.01); Social trauma with the mediation of ambivalent attachment style does not affect early maladaptive schemas (P<0.05).

The results showed that the structural model of maladaptive schemas based on individual trauma and social trauma with the mediation of attachment styles in the students of Islamic Azad University of Karaj has a sufficient fit; Therefore, providing the right environment from childhood can help reduce mental and personality disorders in the society.

Psychosomatic disorders of the skin include skin diseases in which psychological causes and consequences or accompanying conditions have a fundamental and therapeutic effect on the disease process. The aim of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of the acceptance and commitment approach on quality of life and body image by modulating emotional reactivity in patients with skin disorders.

In this semi-experimental research, pre-test and post-test were used for two experimental and control groups, and the follow-up phase was implemented after two months. The statistical population included all patients with skin disorders in Tabriz, 15 people with high reactivity and 15 people with low reactivity in the acceptance and commitment group, and 15 people with low reactivity and 15 people with high reactivity in the control group. They were randomly replaced. World Health Organization quality of life questionnaires and body image scale (1990) were used as data collection tools. Analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used to analyze the data.

The results of the analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed that the approach based on acceptance and commitment has created a significant increase in the body image (P<0.01) and the quality of life (P<0.01) of patients with skin disorders. And these results remained stable in the two-month follow-up (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that the interactive effect of emotional reactivity and group has no significant effect on quality of life and body image.

Teaching interventions based on acceptance and commitment are effective in improving the quality of life and body image in patients with skin disorders.

Inefficient spiritual patterns of our adaptation to God's laws cause problems in the society in living environments, the present study aims to formulate an intervention program based on attachment to God and examine its effectiveness on ineffective spiritual patterns and spiritual well-being.

From a methodological point of view, the current research was a quasi-experimental research design with a pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this research was made up of all employees of Continental Plateau Oil Company in 2019. The sample of this study was 60 people who were randomly selected in two experimental and control groups (20 people in each subgroup) based on the criteria of entering and exiting the study. The research tool was the questionnaire of ineffective spiritual schemas, attachment to God and spiritual well-being, which was completed by all participants in the pre-test and post-test phases. God attachment sessions were held for experimental group participants in nine 120-minute sessions, while control group participants did not receive any intervention. Research data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and using SPSS-22 software.

The results showed that the intervention based on the quality of attachment to God has an effect on all the components of ineffective spiritual schemas and spiritual well-being (P<0.01).

According to the results of this study, the intervention based on the quality of attachment to God led to the improvement of all the components of ineffective spiritual schemas and spiritual well-being

sexual relationship anxiety, which refers to the degree of fear of discussing one's sexual relations with another, is an issue that has not been studied in detail as much as others; Therefore, the explanation of the structural model of predicting sexual anxiety was based on self-sexual schemas by examining the mediating role of emotional regulation in men with heart failure.

The current research is a descriptive and correlational quantitative research in terms of fundamental-applicative purpose and in terms of data collection and the nature of the title. The statistical population of this research was men with heart failure who referred to Martyr Dr. Lavasani Hospital in Tehran in 1402. The sampling method in this research was non-random and accessible, and 300 men were selected. In this research, the sexual relationship anxiety questionnaire of Davis (2006), the sexual schema scale of Andersen and Siranoski (1994) and the emotional regulation of Gratz et al. (2006) were used; To analyze the data, Pearson's correlation coefficient test and path analysis were used using spss-22 and amos-18 software.

The results showed that the strongest direct effect on sexual relationship anxiety was related to emotional regulation with an effect size of -0.50, followed by self-sexual schema with an effect size of 0.47. The result of the direct effects test showed that these effects are significant at the confidence level of at least 95% (p<0.05).

The confirmation of the mediating role of variables shows that in the pathology and treatment of male sexual deviance, paying attention to psychological aspects, especially cognitive and emotional aspects, is as important as paying attention to its physiological aspects. The mediating role of emotional and cognitive variables in the dual control model needs more attention

The dimensions of parents' participation in their children's education are of the variables that can have a major impact on the education of students. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the structural relationship between the basic decisions of parents' participation and the forms of their participation.

The design of the study was descriptive-correlational type. The statistical population was the students of Tehran in the academic year 2020-21. The participants were 384 students who were selected by cluster random method. Parental involvement questionnaires (Hoover-Dempsey & Sandler, 2001) were completed by the participants and the data were analyzed with the structural equation model.

The findings showed that parental role construction and self-efficacy are sufficient indicators of the structure of parents' motivational beliefs. The structure of parents' motivational beliefs had a positive structural effect on the forms of parental participation. The structure of parents' understanding of inviting others to participate has three indicators that are significantly loaded on this structure. This structure had a significant structural effect on parental participation with two indicators of school-based and home-based participation. The structure of parents' perception of the context of life has two indicators of perception of their time and energy, and perception of their skills and knowledge. This structure had a positive and meaningful structural effect on the forms of parents' participation in their children's education.

Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler's model can provide a suitable basis for parents' participation. The antecedents of this model in the field of increasing parental participation should be taken into consideration by school administrators and education decision makers.

The most important issue of adolescence is gaining identity. Identity is considered as a process of coherence of individual changes, social demands and expectations for the future. The purpose of this study is to design a model for the use of virtual social networks in identifying adolescents.

This research has been done in the framework of a quantitative approach and using the survey research method. For this purpose, 385 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years in Tehran in 2020 were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to collect data.

According to the findings of the present study, the most use of social networks of adolescents is for the purpose of acquiring knowledge and in the second place for the purpose of entertainment. The level of trust and influence of male students from social networks is higher according to the average rankings. The stability and strength of the family is more than other dimensions of identity referred. The degree of influence of social networks has a significant relationship with family structure. The influence of artists and actors and social networks is more after choosing a job and activity.

The results of the present study indicate that there is a relationship between the use of mobile social networks and the identification of adolescents.

Life skills, including social adaptation, play an essential role in life, and paying attention to parenting styles can play a role in social adaptation. Accordingly, the aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and parents' social adjustment in children with learning disabilities.

The current research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlation. The statistical population of the research consists of all mothers aged 30 to 55 with children with learning disabilities in primary schools in Qom, 260 of whom have referred to learning disabilities centers, of which 150 were selected as the sample size by random sampling. The research tools included Gholami and Delavari learning disorder questionnaires (2020), Baumerind's parenting methods (1973), Wiseman and Pickel's social adjustment scale (1978) and Garnefski cognitive emotion regulation (2001). To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (structural equations and path analysis) were used with SPSS24 and PLs software.

The research findings showed that there is a significant relationship between parenting styles and emotional regulation with parents' social adjustment. Also, the results showed that the mediating role of emotional regulation in the relationship between parenting styles and parents' social adjustment, which is equal to /438 in the research, is a positive value and significant at the 95% confidence level. Also, the coefficient value of the path of emotional regulation on parents' social adjustment is equal to 0.654, which is a positive value. The t-statistic of this relationship is equal to 10.513, which is reported to be significant at the 95% confidence level. The data means that there is a significant relationship between the dimensions of parenting styles and parents' social adjustment with the mediation of emotional regulation.

According to the value obtained from the VAF statistic (the role of the mediator variable) which was equal to 0.554, partial mediation has been confirmed.