مجله پژوهش های بوم شناسی شهری
پیاپی 31 (تابستان 1402)

The current research was carried out with the aim of ecological evaluation of the waterbrims of the Zahra river, by examining 2 Km of the waterside area, which has the most connection with the surrounding urban environment. The research method is descriptive and analytical based on its nature and method. In this research, the successful examples of ecological waterbrims have been examined and after extracting the criteria of ecological evaluation, the scoring of the area has been done using field sampling, and the process of weighting the criteria into quantitative indicators in the form of AHP weighting model and using Expert Choice software. The results of the research showed that among the three environmental criteria, transportation services and physical environment, the environmental component with 40% has a more favorable situation than the other two factors, and the transportation service component has the lowest ecological evaluation score with 13%. However, obtaining scores lower than 50% shows the overall ecological weakness of this waterbrim. The innovation of this research is to identify the ecological development criteria in urban waterbrim areas by examining successful samples in this field and providing criteria to evaluate and improve the ecological quality of these areas.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the capabilities of the environment as a platform for human activities, to improve the relationship between man and nature, and to compensate for part of the current lost social interactions in the open spaces of residential complexes. The innovation of the research is emphasizing the importance of natural elements perception to create collective life in the body of urban settlements. This research is descriptive-analytical research in which the components affecting collective life in open spaces were investigated in three physical, functional, and semantic dimensions in the open spaces of residential complexes in region 1 of Yazd city. Sampling was purposeful and the data collection tool was based on 381 researcher-made questionnaires with a reliability coefficient and Cronbach's alpha value of 0.867, observation and presence in study spaces. The components affecting the perception of nature and natural elements were analyzed based on the sense of smell, visual, auditory, tactile, and motion-oriented senses, and mental images. The results indicated the existence of a significant positive relationship between the quality of open and public spaces, the perception of natural elements, and the collective viability of residential complexes.

In this research, we aimed to identify the effective factors in increasing visual attractiveness to achieve high urban quality and the mood of people in the urban landscape. Previous studies have shown that visual factors play an important role in improving the quality of urban environments. Therefore, the promotion of urban quality, by creating a visually attractive space in the everyday landscape, can help restore vitality to cities and make them a more desirable environment. The research method is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. At the first, the content validity of the questionnaire was measured by the Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Elements with CVR >0.49 were chosen as the final set of clusters. Then, using the SAM questionnaire, 12 participants who were not related to architectural education were examined. The results shows that the landscape, openness, mystery, social interactions and pedestrian  give the highest priority to the creation and promotion of this quality and these elements significantly change the participants’ mood. The novelty of this study is in using the SAM questionnaire to assess mood in front of the everyday landscape.

In this research, the images of Landsat satellite 5, 7 and 8 (in the years 1987, 2001 and 2014) are used respectively to examine the process of the changes in urban green space of Gorgan City. After doing the necessary pre-processing operations in the images, the maps of land use/cover for each year were provided in three classes including built-up, barren land and green spaces by using supervised classification method. The accuracy of the classification process was assessed later. The findings showed that the green space has decreased about 4.55 km2 during 1987 - 2001. In addition, built areas has increased during the years of 2001–2014 at the rate of 15.39% equivalent to 5.48 km2, while green space has decreased 1.98 km2. The finding resulted from examining the process of changes during the 27 years reveal that green space has decreased significantly despite the physical expansion of the city, so that it has reduced from 16.40 km2 in 1987 to 9.87 km2 in 2014. The findings of this research can be considered as an effective step towards better management of Gorgan’s urban green space.

The purpose of the current research is to analyze the effect of the audiences' cognitive perceptions on the readability of the environment in Sattar Khan St., from the first to the second floors of Sadeghieh, Tehran. The research method is qualitative-quantitative with correlational strategy and descriptive-analytical approach. In this research, 3 main components "the quality of the structural elements of the path (walls, sidewalks and squares)", "the level and function of behavioral-functional stations" and "the components of the feeling of satisfaction with the environment" and 27 quantitative-qualitative variables in order to read the readability of the path were used The first floor to the second floor of Sadeghieh in Tehran have been analyzed. The reliability of the tool was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test. SPSS software was used for data analysis. The research samples were selected using a simple random sampling method from among people living-working or traveling in the study area. The sample size was determined to be 200 people based on Cochran's formula. The innovation of the research is in the analysis of readability components in an urban platform from the point of view of the users of that space. Finally, by examining the scope of the study according to readability variables. It was found that this path is an important functional path among the audience. But in terms of readability components, it has an average and average to low score, and it has only displayed a forced and tasteful look.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate and analyze the level of economic competitiveness among the five regions of Zahedan city. This research is descriptive-analytical based on its nature and method, and applied-developmental in terms of its purpose. The data collection of the research was done using questionnaires and documents (data from the Statistical Yearbook of Iran Statistics Center and Zahedan Municipality Statistics and Information Center). The questionnaire tool was designed based on the global indicators of the Economic Forum as well as the use of other articles and researches. The research data were analyzed in SPSS software. To rank the zones of Zahedan based on competitiveness indices that, first the data were weighted using entropy technique, then the Aras multi-index technique was used. The results of study indicate the inequality of five zones of Zahedan in having economic competitiveness indicators. Therefore, Zone 1 of Zahedan city with 0.765 weight in the first rank had high level of competitiveness, Zone 2 with 0.542 weight and zone 5 with 0.407 weight respectively located in the second and third ranks with regards to competitiveness level. On average, zone 4 with a weight of 0.223 in fourth rank and finally zone 3, with a weight of 0.99, in fifth rank showed low level of competitiveness.

The purpose of this study was to estimate the factors affecting the expansion of urban smart growth in Yasouj small scale city. The research was of applied purpose and based on descriptive and analytical nature. The formal validity was used to ensure the validity of the questionnaire. Its reliability has been confirmed using combination reliability. The statistical populations were all experts, urban managers and professors of university being aware of urban development and urban planning in the city of Yasouj. Using simple random sampling, 50 participants were selected and information was collected by researcher-made questionnaire. To analyze the obtained information, correlation analysis and structural equation modeling using SPSS and Smart PLS software, has been used. The evaluated model of the study had acceptable fitness indices. The structural equation modeling showed that the factors physical and spatial (t = 5.33, γ = 0.4), infrastructure and access (t=3.45, γ=0.201), socioeconomic (t = 2.86, γ = 0.15) and environmental (t = 2.14, γ = 0.145) can explain 41% of the changes in the urban smart growth development in Yasuj small scale citiy.

The aim of this study was to plan and feasibility study of healing gardens as a planned landscape and its effects on mental health and repair of mental injuries in coronary and post-coronary conditions, and on the apparent healing effect of greenery on physical and mental health, especially in urban conditions. Covid Crisis 19 emphasizes; Which is a wave of panic disorders; It has shaped obsessive-compulsive disorder and anxiety disorders in human societies. The type of research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical method using survey method. The statistical population is 35 experts familiar with the subject of healing gardens in Iranian cities (non-probability sampling and chain sampling) has been used in the form of Delphi technique. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was provided to experts. Despite the passage of time in the experience of this epidemic, there is still no comprehensive and operational understanding in various scientific fields, including crisis management, and for the first time, healing gardens as a solution for urban planning and mental health management in this study. will be examined. The results of this study show the necessity of designing and redesigning the healing garden based on the healing and ecological components, especially in the critical conditions of Covid 19 in Hasheminejad Garden of Zanjan as a pilot, and in the absence of intelligent planning in healing the garden, Covid 19 will suffer adverse consequences for individuals in society.