International Journal of Finance and Managerial Accounting
Volume:9 Issue: 35, Autumn 2024

The importance of a price forecasting issue due to the market volatility is very substantial. Investors have no desire to tolerate the high risk and invest in such a market due to avoiding ambiguity and mainly looking for a suitable solution for investing with high returns and low risk. The purpose of the research is to combine decision-making techniques with recurrent neural networks to create and develop a mathematical model for stock portfolio optimization due to different time horizons. Therefore, the top ten industries were selected using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP), according to effective criteria on the active industries in the stock market and using the opinions of active industries' experts, between May 2016 and May 2021. Then the price of stocks was forecasted in intended time periods using Long Short Term Memory RNN. In the next step, three stock portfolios with the short-term, mid-term, and long-term time horizons were created using a Combined Compromise Solution method, and then the optimized weights of each stock in the different portfolios were defined, and an efficient frontier was drawn by using Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR). The results showed that the provided model has high efficiency in stock portfolio optimization.

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach is a mathematical method of exploring homogeneous decision-making units (DMUs). The structure of DMUs may have multiple steps, where one of the steps employs the output of another as its input. Manufacturing operations and industrial systems, in particular, use multi-stage structures. This study addresses the topic of constant cost distribution in a specific type of two-stage system. First, a set of common weights and sized-based allocations are performed. Eventually, a min-max approach is established to decrease the difference between efficient and size-based allocations. Researching banking issues is very important because banks can highly affect the economic growth of countries.The proposed method for determining fixed cost allocation in bank branches has been performed on 37 branches of Iranian banks.The fixed cost was allocated based on the aggregate of inputs and outputs of the bank branches and all DMUs and subphases became efficient after fixed cost allocation.

In this study, the researcher tried to comparatively study the effect of the development of cryptocurrency market on the Money market in Iran and the European Union, while clarifying its effects in order to deal with the negative effects of cryptocurrency industry and its threats to the stock exchange and to encourage the stock exchange organization to consider cryptocurrencies as an alternative investment asset to diversification strategies in their portfolio. The statistical population in this study is the Money market in Iran and the European Union. The current research period for Iran and the European Union is 2013 to 2021. The method of data analysis based on the research paradigm has been a quantitative approach, so the method of vector regression has been selected using EViews software. In this model, using regression models and theoretical foundations of VAR method, long-term analysis was performed and using autoregressive vector and vector error correction model, as well as short-term analysis and using causal tests were examined to test research hypotheses. In the present study, the researcher presented an analytical model and estimated the research model and then, by selecting the appropriate variables and performing the stationary test, the variables were performed using the generalized Dickey-Fuller unit root test and the hypotheses were answered by determining the optimal interval length of the model and performing Granger stability and causality test and regression estimation.

Changes in the business environment for professional services as well as intense competition in this industry have pushed auditors towards marketing. This study aims at investigating the effect of ethical marketing on auditors' job performance. Accordingly, an applied approach is taken to conduct the research while in terms of the research implementation method, the study is descriptive of the correlation type, and the tool for measuring and collecting data is a standard questionnaire. The statistical population includes 228 experts who are members of the Institute of Charted Accountants, who were selected using a random sampling method. Smart-PLS software was used to analyze the research hypotheses. The results of the hypothesis test showed that ethical marketing has a positive and significant effect on auditors' performance. Therefore, in addition to observing professional behavior and maintaining independence, auditors must follow the principles and ethical values in marketing in the field of auditing, in order to improve their performance and increase the quality of services.

Examining the side role of the components affecting the auditor's skepticism and judgment, not just their direct relationship, provides a more appropriate context for a comprehensive analysis of the dimensions of audit quality improvement. A large part of auditing is commenting based on professional judgment; Therefore, the personality traits of auditors, which have been identified in some studies as an influential factor in professional judgment, should be examined more closely. This study was conducted in 1399 to find the answer to the question whether the dark personality traits and individual accountability of auditors affect their skepticism and professional judgment or not? The necessary information for this research has been collected through a questionnaire. The sample includes 492 questionnaires completed by auditors working in auditing firms that are members of the Iranian Society of Certified Public Accountants and the Auditing Organization in 1399. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between dark personality traits and auditing professional judgment and individual accountability and skepticism have a minor mediating role in the above relationship.

In order to try, research, and study to accurately identify the factors that determine managerial performance, researchers have paid particular attention to specific and influential factors such as power sources, characteristics, skills, and behavior of managers. This study aimed to investigate the relationships of investment manager power sources with mutual fund performance and financial reporting quality. Accordingly, the authors tried to improve the quality of financial reports and offered suggestions about mutual fund rankings to help investors make the best decisions. We also look at which power source is most effective in mutual fund performance and reporting quality. To this end, the data from 120 investors and experts working in 66 mutual funds in 2020 were collected using the questionnaire method. The obtained data were then analyzed using structural equation modeling. Manager power influenced both mutual fund performance and financial reporting quality. In addition, mutual fund performance mediated the relationship between manager power and financial reporting quality.

Due to the high market share and the leadership of Bitcoin’s price in the cryptocurrency market, this crypto asset has always been the leader of the trading trends of digital currencies and its movements have a significant impact on the price trends of other cryptocurrencies. In this article, by using a combination of meta-heuristic and machine learning methods, a model with the least error for estimating the price of Bitcoin is presented. This research uses the stacking approach of popular machine learning algorithms along with optimizing the parameters of the algorithms. In this study, for the first time in the field of cryptocurrencies, the differential evolution method has been used to find the most optimal stack combination and also to identify the most suitable parameters of each algorithm. This research in terms of type, data collection method and purpose is descriptive, modeling, and applied ,respectively.In this study, the model results have been compared in three scenarios with inputs including OHLC features, technical indicators (more than 160 indicators), fundamental analysis indices (7 indicators) and their combination. Considering that most articles have applied technical indicators as input to machine learning models, the use of fundamental indices is one of the distinguishing features of this research. The results show that depending on the features used in each scenario, the type and order of placement of learning algorithms in the price prediction stack changes. All three scenarios investigated in this research have acceptable accuracy for price prediction.

Capital expenditures are considered valuable and important for the success of companies; Because the state and amount of these expenses indicate the state of the company in the future. Such decisions often create major financial obligations that are related to the long-term policies and policies of organizations and the manager's decisions about the type and amount of profit manipulation. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of corporate governance system on profit manipulation and investment behavior. The statistical population of this research was the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2015 to 2019. These samples included 150 companies that have characteristics such as data availability, publication of financial statements in the desired years by the stock exchange organization, etc. The results of the research showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between profit manipulation and investment efficiency (behavior), as well as a positive and significant relationship between corporate governance and investment efficiency (behavior) in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Also, the results showed that the corporate governance system has a significant effect on the relationship between profit management and investment efficiency (behavior) in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in a way that reduces the negative effect of profit manipulation on investment efficiency

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of behavioral biases of informed investors on the future return of stocks and the role of large institutional ownership in this regard. The statistical population of the research consists of all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1392 to 1397 that 155 companies have been active in the stock exchange throughout the research period and have been studied. The reason for using the current course is access to audited and stable data in terms of fluctuations. The research data were analyzed using regression models using the combined data method. Findings of regression models of the study showed that in general, there is no significant relationship between the behavioral biases of knowledgeable investors and future stock returns, but by separating this effect for the group of companies with large institutional ownership and companies with small institutional ownership, it was found that If the ownership of shares in the hands of knowledgeable shareholders is large, it will have a positive effect on the future stock returns of companies.

In recent decades, the development of capital market microstructure theory has led to a broad understanding of market performance, market organizational structure, transaction costs, and asset prices. Certainly one of the most important goals of microstructure modeling is to understand and describe the quality of markets. Define market microstructure as the process by which investors' latent demands are ultimately translated into prices and volumes. Define market microstructure as the study of trading mechanisms and regulations used to accomplish a trade. definition of market microstructure which is the study of the intermediation and the institutions of exchange. The main purpose of this article is to review the most important microstructure models of the market. Defines market microstructure as the study of the process and outcomes of exchanging assets under explicit trading rules. The main body of market microstructure theory consists of inventory-based models and information-based models. This article focuses on information-based models. Studying open microstructure models can help market participants understand the pricing process and the impact of information on pricing. The study of market microstructure theory and models leads to a deep understanding of the performance and organizational structure of the market, transaction costs, asset prices, and an understanding and description of market quality.

Fluctuations in the companies’ stock returns depend deeply on the nature of informed and noise traders’ behavior and inclinations. In qualitative accounting reports, managers try to influence the investors’ behavior and inclinations by choosing words with specific semantic orientations. The purpose of the present study is to compare the impact of informed and noise traders' perceptions on the company's stock returns; it also investigates, from the informed and noise traders’ perspective, the effect of the board of directors’ report tone on the stock market reaction. In this regard, qualitative data from the board of directors’ reports, text mining approach, LASSO Regression have been used. In order to separate capital market traders into two groups of informed and noise ones, Kalman Filtering has been applied. All words employed in each report have been divided into three categories: words based on fact, words based on emotion, and words with a mixed meaning. The study thus compares the effect of informed and noise traders' perceptions of each type of word on stock returns. The statistical population of this study includes all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2012-2020; the statistical sample includes 116 firms selected through the systematic removal method. The research findings indicate that informed and noise traders can achieve abnormal returns by using fact-based and emotion-laden words, respectively, Also the tone of the board of directors’ reports is an influential factor just for informed investors; it does not affect the noise traders’ behavior and reaction.

The purpose of this study was to design a model for developing a cleaner production strategy of the company based on environmental management accounting.

Data collection was done through interviews. In this part of the research, 15 interviews were conducted with the participants. Also in this part of the research, theoretical sampling method has been used. Data analysis was performed using the Strauss and Corbin approach in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding using NVivo and Maxqda software.

In general, this study showed that in the basic, preventive and operational stages, using environmental management accounting, resources can be managed in line with the company's cleaner production strategy, and the company's effectiveness and performance can also be improved. In addition, the company's goals can be controlled and monitored through the use of environmental management accounting.

Generally the results of this research are indicating that the uses of environmental management accounting in the initial stages of development of cleaner production strategy would lead to cost saving and the improvement of the companies’ efficiency; in fact, the high level of using environmental management accounting for the purpose of decision makings about the improvement of the cost management and organization, would have a significant efficiency.

Blockchain is a peer-to-peer system accompanied by two main objects: it allows the individual, on one hand, to add his/her new transactional data to the background is stored collectively. On the other hand, avoid any kind of manipulation of the recorded transactional data. Blockchain has made a balance between the two aforementioned objects through the structure of merely appendant and non-manipulated data in which adding data is carried out in the form of new blocks through solving the Hash puzzle. Solving the Hash puzzle entails taking time. The cost of manipulating Blockchain history, emphasizing the necessity of solving the Hash puzzle to add new data, has been increased prohibitively. In the most general case, on one hand, the supply chain links are related to the raw material suppliers, and on the other hand to the customers. Prompting the customers’ demands is the main object of activities related to the supply chain, so that the desired product can be delivered to the customers with the highest quality and the minimum price, at a certain time. Therefore, the supply chain includes all activities related to the flow and exchange of goods and services, from the supplying of raw materials stage to the delivery of the final consumable product to the customers. Knowing about the advantages and application of these networks in management is an essential and vital issue, thus, this study investigated the application, merits and demerits through library and note-taking methods.

This study attempts to answer the question of the influence of demographic factors on ethical compliance using professional accountants in Nigeria as the base, contingent on the lack of consensus in prior studies. The study employed the survey research design and regression analysis was deployed on the data obtained via a structured research instrument applied on selected professional accountants from both the public and private sectors. The hypotheses were tested using t-test. Three demographic variables of Level of Education, Gender, and Age were operationalized as independent variables; while ethical compliance was operationalized as the dependent variable. From the analysis of the data and the resultant hypotheses tests conducted, we observed that gender has a negative but significant relationship with ethical compliance. Whereas, Age and Level of Education has positive and significant influence on ethical compliance amongst professional accountants in Nigeria. It was therefore concluded that personal demographics are significantly crucial in explaining ethical compliance amongst professional accountants in Nigeria. However, this conclusion did not put to rest the lack of universal consensus in the direction of conclusion about the influence of demographic factors on ethical compliance, but the conclusion relying on professional accounting practitioners in Nigeria lends further credence to the body of knowledge which concludes that our individual attribute count shapes our response to the world around us. Therefore, it is recommended that demographic factors should be integrated into ethics education in the accounting profession to minimize dysfunctional behaviour, through enhanced understanding of individual attributes.

Recently emerged in recent years, blockchain technology is a new form of data and service organization encrypting and exchanging all kinds of data by creating a new system of data validation. It is efficient for a group of people who do not trust each other but looking for integration and cooperation in a coherent decision-making process willing to find a common platform to share information. In the case of blockchain in terms of economics and economics of welfare, a question will be raised as to what will be the impact of such technology on the welfare of society. And whether it will necessarily have positive welfare effects due to its advantage. To answer this question, we will provide a competitive market modeling in two cases, with and without blockchain technology in the market (supply chain), which indicates that the welfare effects of the blockchain are generally positive, however, due to new costs imposed on manufacturers, it doesn’t necessarily increase total welfare. The result may be influenced by the type of market, and under oligopoly or perfect competition marker conditions, social welfare may increase.

The goal of resilience is to build the capacity to improve a system for survival, from a shock and to face change and instability, to resist the effects of shock by building the capacity to adapt and grow. The purpose of business continuity management is to ensure the uninterrupted availability of all the key resources needed to support business activities in the event of a disruption, as well as to accelerate the return to normalcy. The present study is a survey and is of an applied type. The statistical population of this research is experts familiar with financial technology businesses in Tehran, of which 10 experts were identified and considered as the statistical population of the research. The data collection tool is an expert questionnaire and pairwise comparisons. According to the studies, the resilience parameters for the time before the occurrence of failure are 1- probability of failure 2- tolerance threshold and 3- intensity of possible failure. Parameters related to the occurrence of failure also include: 1- recovery time 2- recovery quality and 3- recovery cost. Therefore, according to the research findings, it can be concluded that among the parameters before and after the failure, the most influential factors are the severity of failure, recovery cost and the probability of failure have the greatest impact on the resilience of financial technology businesses and failure prevention. have been.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of macroeconomic variables on forecasting the stock return. For this purpose, data on 121 firms accepted on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2012 to 2021 have been analyzed using regression model of data with different frequencies (MIDAS), and the relationship between forecasting future performance of stock returns and macroeconomic variables are investigated. The results show that the variables of firm size, intangibles assets, Tobin’s Q, financial leverage, and market to book value ratio have a significant effect in explaining the returns of firms’ stock. The findings show the special attention of investors and creditors to accounting and economic criteria in explaining stock returns, and the continuation of such trend can lead to an increase in the efficiency of the capital market.The findings show the special attention of investors and creditors to accounting and economic criteria in explaining stock returns, and the continuation of such trend can lead to an increase in the efficiency of the capital market.

The intervention of the government and the presence of political figures and parallel to that monetary policy is a set of decisions and measures used by the monetary and government authorities to influence economic activities and increase stock price levels by trying to maintain balance and not create price bubbles. The purpose of this research is to identify the environmental factors caused by political communication and monetary policy using the fuzzy technique and its role in the movement process of the three levels of stock prices. The research sample includes 143 companies from the companies accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange, which covers a seven-year period from the beginning of 2014 to the end of 2021. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between the factors identified as environmental factors and the three levels of stock prices. Achieving this result strengthens the argument that if political connections are important in determining the price of companies' shares and, in parallel, the value of companies; should be systematically reflected in the stock market. Also, the results show that the effect of monetary policy on the high level of stock prices is more than the low level of stock prices and does not affect the average levels of stock prices. The results indicate that if the government implements an expansionary monetary policy, there is more available credit and economic activity will flourish.

The purpose of this research was to provide a model of key indicators for evaluating financial technology in Iran's banking industry. , In this research, using a mixed-method design, In the qualitative approach, the Delphi method is used, The statistical population in the qualitative section was 12 experts who were selected based on snowball method , The process of data analysis was carried out in two stages, which includes identifying the key indicators of financial technology evaluation in Iran's banking industry through the interview tool and using thematic analysis method and theoretical validation of the research model. In the quantitative part, data were collected using a questionnaire and T-test. The results of the research showed that the key indicators model for evaluating financial technology in Iran's banking industry consists of 20 sub-indices as well as six main indicators including financial technology services, interaction of financial technologies with customers, new business partners, new revenue models, organizational innovation and innovation Technologically .The results of this study allow bank managers to have an integrated plan to improve the existing conditions to increase these factors in their organization

According to the American psychological association (APA), the number-one stressor in people` lives is money, above work, health, and children (APA 2012). While most Americans find money to be a source of stress in their lives, for some, this stress is a consequence of disordered money behavioral. Disordered money behavioral cannot be completely eliminated but it can be reduced or managed properly. It can negatively influence on people`s career and job performance. Financial literacy is one of the variables that seems to affect disordered money behavioral. This research seeks to investigate the relationship between financial literacy and disordered money behavioral and its construct among Iranians. The research sample selected by available methods includes 385 people of the financial and accounting students and professors of Iranian universities in the first half of 2020. The standard questionnaire of financial literacy and disordered money behavioral of Moinuddin et al. (2014) and Klontz et al. (2012) has been used to measure the research variables and test hypotheses. Structural equations modeling technique in Smart PLS software was used to analyze data. The content and face validity methods and factor analysis were used to confirm the validity of the questionnaire, and its reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results support that financial literacy have a negative impact on disordered money behavioral and their constructs.

nvestors' organizational trust improves the company's financial performance, on the other hand, the company's performance also affects the investors' organizational trust. Therefore, it is assumed that there is a reciprocal relationship between investors' organizational trust and company performance, The purpose of this research is to investigate this reciprocal relationship. To achieve the research's purpose, the data of 970 observations in the ten year period from 2010 to 2019 has been analyzed based on multivariate regression models and combined data. The findings show that the company's performance is affected by investors' organizational trust, and conversely, investors' organizational trust affects the company's performance. One innovation of this research is the investigating the reciprocal relationship between investors' organizational trust and the company's performance. Another innovation is the creation of a composite index from a total of 9 known indicators for measuring the company's financial performance. These indicators include Tobin's Q, EVA, ROA, ROE, ROS, P/E, IR, IGR, and SGR, using the principal component analysis method.