نشریه گردشگری و اوقات فراغت
پیاپی 15 (بهار و تابستان 1402)

The purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the effects of rural tourism on the sustainable livelihood of villagers (case study: Vamanan and Kashidar villages of Azadshahr city). The methodology of the research is descriptive-analytical and of the type of applied goal. Documentary (library) and survey methods have been used to collect information. The statistical population was 3800 people from households living in Vamanan and Kashidar villages of Azadshahr city in 1401, and the sample size of the study was calculated as 348 people based on Cochran's formula. Easy sampling method (available) and questionnaire was used to collect data. In the data analysis, inferential tests related to the research objectives, Cronbach's alpha, binomial T, Kruskal-Wallis were used. The results of the research show that the effects of tourism in economic dimension with an average of 1.791, social dimension with an average of 1.829, environmental dimension with an average of 2.244 and institutional dimension with an average of 2.355 were favorable.

The purpose of the current research is to discover the relationships between quality variables, perceived value, satisfaction, and loyalty goals using structural equation modeling (SEM). According to the purpose, this research is practical and in terms of descriptive-survey method and correlation type. The statistical population of the study was rural tourists in ten most visited villages around holy Mashhad, which include the villages of Zoshak, Khader, Shandiz, Anbaran, Kang, Dehsorkh, Jaghargh, Andarakh, Ngandar and Akhlamed. Based on Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as a sample using quota non-probability sampling. The research tool was the standard questionnaire of Zhaoting et al. (2020). The validity of the model and the relationship between the research variables were confirmed by the structural equation modeling method. To measure reliability, Cronbach's alpha was used and confirmed. Data analysis was done to test the hypotheses using structural equation method and Lisrel software. According to the obtained results, the perceived quality of the rural tourist has a positive and significant effect on the perceived value and affects his satisfaction. Also, the perceived value of the rural tourist has a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction of the rural tourist. In addition, the satisfaction of rural tourists has shown a positive and significant effect on the intention to revisit, willingness to pay for special rural products, and word-of-mouth advertising.

Nowadays, due to the increase in the elderly population in the country, the importance of paying attention to the needs of this group is felt more than before. Because these people have a lot of time to spend their free time due to their retirement and the completion of their work and activity period; Also, it is not hidden to anyone that the quality of life has an effect on increasing life expectancy. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the relationship between leisure time satisfaction and resilience of the elderly. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in nature. In order to determine the sample size, Cochran's logical formula was used, and the sample size was approximately 386 people. In order to test the hypotheses, according to the nature of the current research, the required data were collected through the questionnaire tool and in both virtual and field forms using the available sampling method from a sample consisting of 356 elderly people in Tehran. The research findings indicate that there is a very strong relationship between satisfaction with leisure time and resilience of the elderly. This fact indicates that as long as the respondents have suitable conditions for spending their free time, they experience high resilience to the same extent. Also, all the sub-hypotheses of this research were confirmed with high correlation coefficient; This means that the six dimensions of leisure time have a positive and significant relationship with resilience.

According to the current trend of the world toward aging, and at the same time with the global increase in the elderly population, Iran is also facing an increase in the elderly population. On the other hand, the issue of leisure time is one of the topics in the field of quality of life for the elderly. Therefore, the present study aimed to study the effect of leisure behaviors on the elders' mental-perceptual quality of life. The elders in Tehran were selected as a case study. The present research is applied research in terms of purpose, the research method is descriptive correlational, and this is survey research. Data and information have been collected with a questionnaire. The target population was people over 60 years old living in Tehran who were selected by convenience sampling method due to the Corona crisis and the difficulty of access to the sample. To analyze the research data, SPSS software was used, and a correlation test was used to test the research hypotheses. Findings showed that all research hypotheses are acceptable and "leisure behaviors" have a positive effect on the dimensions of quality of mental-perceptual life, including "physical health," "mental health," "social relations," and "environmental health" of the elderly in Tehran. Also, in general, "leisure behaviors" positively affect the "quality of mental-perceptual life" of the elderly in Tehran. Finally, while pointing out the limitations of the research, result-based suggestions are also provided for future research.

AbstractGiven the increasing growth of leisure and the emergence of new and modern entertainment in the human lifestyle, considering the place of these entertainments in the lifestyle is one of the moral challenges of the present age. Considering new hobbies’ pros and cons, it should be clarified under what conditions these hobbies can be useful. The present research with a descriptive-analytical method seeks to study the teachings of Islamic ethics, particularly the arguments motivating entertainment in this field. This article concluded that entertainment could also be used to achieve Islamic goals. Islam, by stating the moral ‘’should and shouldn’t,” sets the criteria for this desirable and valuable utilization. Accordingly, useful entertainment is not in vain even if it is in line with the essential responsibilities assigned to human beings; it is permissible, it does not harm human dignity, and moderation is observed in dealing with it. Also, according to the teachings encouraging entertainment, some of the properties and functions of desirable and useful entertainment are: learning and education, creating fun and happiness, relaxation and rejuvenation, flourishing talents, and creating economic development and diversity in life.

Iran Tourism Industry; To achieve the goals and programs developed, it needs to use scientific and efficient management methods to have maximum efficiency at the lowest cost, and in the field of competition needs a strategy to be unique. In this regard, gaining a competitive advantage, using business intelligence and also improving customer relationship management (tourists) can be the key to the continuation of survival and growth and prosperity in the tough competitive market of this industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of business intelligence on customer relationship management with the aim of increasing the competitive advantage that has been done at the level of travel services offices in Tehran. This research has been carried out by taking into account scientific theories in the field of business intelligence, customer relationship management and obtaining a competitive advantage, as well as in line with the need to establish BI in tourism industry businesses, especially in travel agencies, so that the effect that the use of knowledge-based To investigate BI for these companies in relation to their activities in order to create and maintain a competitive advantage. The main issue of this research is how BI or business intelligence technologies and tools can help the strategic decisions of tourism industry businesses in order to maintain their competitive advantage?

The research is descriptive and correlational. This research is one of the types of applied research in terms of benefit and purpose because its results are used to facilitate executive operations or solve problems. Also, in terms of approach, it is quantitative because it aims to measure opinions and ideas using numbers and mathematical and statistical methods. In terms of how data is collected, it is descriptive and non-experimental. In terms of the type of strategy, it is also a correlational research. In terms of the location of the research, it is natural and a field research, and because it was done in a specific time period, i.e. in the year 1400, it is cross-sectional. The standard questionnaire of this research based on the objectives and hypotheses of the research consists of 3 variables and 94 questions that were distributed through stratified random sampling among 327 statistical samples. Also, the research method is descriptive-applied and in terms of data collection, is in the category of correlational research.Results and Discussion.

The results of data analysis in SPSS and smart-PLS software showed that business intelligence has a positive and significant relationship with customer relationship management. The impact of customer relationship management on competitive advantage was also confirmed. Also, the effect of business intelligence on competitive advantage was confirmed and the relationship was positive and significant. The results of other research tests are provided along with solutions and recommendations that can be provided to improve the performance and policies of the public sector and the owners of these businesses to improve its economic indicators at the internal and external level[1]. [1]. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of Iran Chamber of commerce industries, mines and agricultural (ICCIMA) for this research under grant number 1204.

Today, tourism is considered one of the inalienable rights of citizens. The spread of this discourse has led to extensive efforts by planners, policy makers and executives in the field of tourism and social welfare in order to benefit from this right. Despite these efforts, there is still significant obstacles and issues facing certain groups of society. The elderly is one of the population groups that face serious challenges and obstacles despite the need to have an optimal travel experience. With the aim of removing these obstacles and realizing the total available tourism, it is necessary to take precise steps in the form of policy. The correct policy to remove the obstacles depends on their accurate identification; For this purpose, in this research, an attempt has been made to examine and analyze the barriers of senior tourism (silver tourism) by relying on the qualitative method and the semi-structured interview tool. The data was analyzed thematically and the software used for analysis was Atlas Ti. According to the findings of the research, the obstacles of tourism for the elderly are organized in the form of individual, economic, managerial and structural categories.

In addition to domestic activities, women also have a large share of manpower in activities outside the family. The health tourism industry is one of the industries in which women have a colorful presence. While women's empowerment health has not been studied in the field of tourism; Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the empowerment of women in the health tourism industry. This research is part of exploratory research and with a mixed approach seeks to study the factors of women's empowerment in the health tourism industry and prioritize the identified factors and has been done in Yazd province. In order to analyze the information, in the first phase, the theme analysis method and in the second phase, the structural-interpretive modeling method have been used. The results of the study identified 31 enablers that were prioritized using an expert panel. Thus, social factors have the most impact and political and psychological factors have the most impact. This study presents a new approach to women's empowerment in health tourism. Thus, most of the identified factors are related to social category. Therefore, improving social behaviors and the environment in which they live can lead to greater empowerment of women.

The resilience approach strengthens tourism against disasters and crises and increases its ability to absorb and reduce changes. Therefore, one of the new practical approaches to continuing tourism development is resilience. Shiraz is one of the essential tourist cities. Since various accidents such as floods and terrorist attacks have occurred in it, which disrupts its tourism development, it needs to use a resilient approach to its tourism development. This research aims to measure Shiraz tourism's internal and external resources, compare it with competitors, and finally provide the necessary strategies with a resilience approach. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. Data collecting was performed using experts’ opinions on several occasions using questionnaires. Regarding validity, the relevant field professor approved the questionnaire, and its reliability is based on Cronbach's alpha test result of 0.915, which indicates high reliability. The independent and dependent variables are resilience and the development of tourism. The statistical population is the city of Shiraz, and the statistical sample is 33 tourism experts (including employees, students, university professors, and business owners) who have been selected with the snowball method. The results indicate that most of the tourism resources of Shiraz with a resilience approach are strategically balanced and close to each other and are similar in weight and strategic proportion. Suitable air and ground transportation infrastructures, high investment of the public and private sectors in the field of tourism in Shiraz, and strong advertisements in the field of attracting tourists are among the most strategic resources of Shiraz. Finally, strategies for developing Shiraz tourism with the resilience approach have been presented.

One of the types of supply chain is health tourism, which provides a good opportunity for developing countries to attract health tourists from different countries of the world by providing high-quality and cheap services, but so far not much research has been done in this field. For this purpose, the purpose of this research was to identify and rank the factors affecting the success of the health tourism supply chain in Shiraz city. The research method is a descriptive survey. 56 health tourists who had traveled to Shiraz were selected and interviewed non-randomly. Data and scenarios were analyzed using the fuzzy cognitive mapping technique and the research model was designed using social network analysis, for which FCMapper and Ucinet software were used. In line with the success of the supply chain of health tourism in Shiraz city, several factors are involved, among the factors of appropriate strategic planning, flexibility in providing services and government policy for the development of health tourism were the most important respectively; Because they were more central. The results of the research indicate that by formulating a long-term strategic plan to specialize hospitals and equip hospitals and medical centers and improve tourism and medical infrastructure, create conditions to provide diverse services to tourists with different financial and social conditions and situations can increase the number of tourists.

This research was conducted to qualitatively improve the leisure time of women and girls in the family with an approach based on physical and sports activities. The current study is philosophical, interpretive, analytical, exploratory in nature, and practical in purpose. The research method was qualitative, which was done with the Foundation's data method with the Glaser approach. The participating community consisted of all experts related to leisure time with a sports approach in the country, which included professors of physical education and sports sciences, elite sportswomen, women sports experts in the Ministry of Sports and the General Directorate of Sports and Youth. The sampling method was theoretical and purposeful, and people were consciously selected by referring to them. The reliability of the interviews was achieved through reviewing and modifying the findings and confirming the coding of each interview by the interviewee. The reliability of the interviews was also confirmed by using process audit and intra-subject agreement of 67%. The results of the coding of the interviews, which have 90 concepts in the form of 11 sub-categories and three main categories: "Factors influencing the choice of physical activity and sports for leisure time for women and girls," "Necessary actions," "Consequences of doing physical activity and sports in women's leisure time and Girls" were categorized.

Nowadays, music tourism is very important in the planning of tourism development in different countries of the world. With countless treasures of unique music, Iran has great potential and fields for the development of music tourism. But in this regard, many obstacles and problems have stopped or slowed down the growth and progress in this field. In this applied-developmental research, using a descriptive-analytical and qualitative method, based on library and field study, expert opinions and relying on the professional and professional experiences of the authors, the harmful and hindering obstacles to the development of music tourism in Iran have been identified, introduced, explained and analyzed. The findings of this research, which has examined and pathologized the aspects of music in Iran only from the perspective of the tourism industry, show that 13 limitations stemming from 4 main cognitive, managerial, infrastructural and physical damages have been the causes of the lack of development and stagnation of music tourism in Iran. By accurately understanding the dimensions and effects of these limitations and removing them, we can witness the growth, development and prosperity of Iran's music tourism.