Journal of Research in Orthopedic Science
Volume:9 Issue: 2, May 2022

Understanding the relationships between exercise and performance tests is crucial for the sports rehabilitation expert.

To comprehensively review functional tests and their reliability for return to sport (RTS) after shoulder injuries.

During this research, a comprehensive review of the functional tests for RTS after shoulder injuries was performed by searching the Web of Science, PEDro, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, and CINAHL databases with the keywords shoulder RTS, return to play, upper limb and shoulder functional tests from 2000 to June 2021. English was used in this search. After gathering the research results, first, the titles and then the summary of the research papers were studied. If the research papers meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, their results will be utilized in the study of review otherwise they will be excluded.

When searching the texts, 123 research papers were found, after deleting 11 identical titles, 112 abstracts were chosen for review. After analyzing the abstracts, 79 research papers were removed and 33 research papers were selected for full study. After reviewing the full-text research papers, 21 research papers were removed and 12 research papers were selected from among the research papers that were very closely related to the subject under study. Many functional tests exist, but few have been studied to evaluate the RTS after a shoulder injury. 

Functional tests can assist in estimating when an athlete will RTS or exercise without restrictions. Therefore, according to the results of the current research, functional tests can be an effective tool to assess RTS after shoulder injuries, but due to the limitations and lack of information in this area, further studies are required to be conducted. Therefore, caution should be taken and a general rule should not be drawn for all shoulder injuries.

Femoral neck fracture is a common and difficult injury, especially in the elderly. The duration between the fracture and the surgery, as well as the quality of the reduction and fixation, all affect the outcome. 

This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of cannulated cancellous screw fixation for femur neck fracture and to compare them with similar studies that used the same technique.

A total of 20 patients with femoral neck fractures were included in this prospective study and monitored for one year after surgery. Harris hip score was used to evaluate the functional outcome.

According to Harris hip score, most of our patients were in good pre-morbid functional condition. Nine patients (45%) had excellent results, 5 patients (25%) had good results, 4 patients (20%) had fair results, and 2 patients (10%) had poor results. Ninety percent of our patients had a good prognosis.

Cannulated cancellous screw fixation for the intracapsular femoral neck fracture preserves biology and provides good functional outcomes in elderly patients.

Semi-constrained implants are developed to reduce the detrimental impact of constrained implants in patients with complex primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the outcomes of TKA using semi-constrained implants are mainly unknown. 

This study aims to report the short-term outcomes and complications of primary TKA in patients managed with a semi-constrained implant. 

Twenty-three patients (33 knees) who underwent TKA with semi-constrained implants were included in this study. The outcomes of patients were evaluated radiographically and clinically. Clinical evaluation was performed using the knee society score (KSS) and oxford knee score (OKS) at 6 and 12 months. The subjective satisfaction of the patients was also evaluated at 6 and 12 months using yes/no questions. Postoperative complications were inspected through the patient’s medical records.

The study population included six men and 17 women with a mean age of 70.7±7.6 years. The mean follow-up of the patients was 12.5±4.8 months. The average postoperative ‎tibiofemoral alignment was 0.26±1.1º of valgus (ranging from 3º of valgus to 2º of varus). The mean KSS of the patients were 93.8±8.1 and 94.7±8.3 at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The mean OKS of the patients were 43.6±3.7 and 44.1±3.8 at 6 and 12 months, respectively. All patients were satisfied with the surgery at 6 and 12 months. No postoperative complications were recorded during the follow-up period. 

The use of a semi-constrained prosthesis is safe and effective as a primary implant in TKA ‎patients having severe deformity or ligamentous laxity.

Background and The tibial shaft fracture is the most common long bone fracture in children. This type of fracture has a high capacity for deformity correction, a process known as remodeling. In many circumstances, casting is the choice of treatment.

This study aims to investigate the rate of tibial fracture remodeling after 6 months of non-rigid fixation.

This research was a retrospective study conducted from March 2017 to March 2018. The study population included 74 children with tibial shaft fracture, treated with a long leg plaster under general anesthesia. Patients were evaluated by obtaining anteroposterior (AP) and lateral view x-rays in the first week, second week, 2 months, and 6 months after casting.

Seventy-four individuals were admitted with a diagnosis of tibial shaft fracture. A total number of 39 patients (52%)-13 girls and 26 boys- were treated with the long-leg casting under general anesthesia. The patients’ average age was 7.94±2.69 years (2-14 years). In the second week, four cases were excluded. Remodeling in the fracture site was significant in AP radiography at the end of the second month (P=0.044). Six-month follow-up showed that the remodeling in AP was significant (P=0.017) while in lateral was partially significant (P=0.05).

Due to the presence of the growth plate and a dense periosteum, remodeling of the tibial shaft fracture is extremely likely, and the remaining deformity is corrected over time by casting, and no surgical intervention is required. Level of evidence: IV

Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is a prevalent congenital foot deformity. The Ponseti Method is a non-surgical treatment for clubfoot, which entails a sequence of casts and braces. The accelerated Ponseti method is a modified version of the standard Ponseti method, involving more frequent cast changes.

A total of 60 patients with idiopathic CTEV under the age of one were carefully chosen and assigned to either group A (Standard) or group B (Accelerated). The Pirani score was used to evaluate each clubfoot before applying a cast. In group A, above-knee casting was performed once a week, while in group B, it was done twice a week

The study involved sixty children, accounting for a total of seventy feet. The results indicated a shorter treatment duration with the accelerated Ponseti method, while the occurrence of skin complications was comparable between the two methods.

In conclusion, both the accelerated and standard Ponseti methods are equally effective in correcting clubfoot. The accelerated method offers the advantage of reducing the overall treatment duration and has clear benefits, while there is no notable difference in skin complications between the two methods.

Although medial epicondyle fractures are responsible for 12% of pediatric elbow fractures, they rarely occur concurrently with a capitellar fracture, and the treatment approach and indications are controversial. According to the case report (CARE) guidelines, here we present a case of the medial epicondyle and capitellar fractures with elbow dislocation in a 4-year-old girl who underwent K-wire fixation and splint application. After four months of follow-up, the patient showed good results and a full range of motion. Open reduction and internal fixation may be reasonable options for medial epicondyle and concomitant capitellar fractures using the medial and lateral approaches. We suggest using K-wires, especially in the pediatric population.

We present a case report of a 52-year-old man with a huge (12×11×10 cm) distal radius giant cell tumor (GCT) that is a lytic lesion without calcification with volar and dorsal cortical destruction.
We perform the wide resection of the distal radius (and the proximal row of the carp) and ipsilateral ulna translocation (preserving its muscular attachments and osteotomized and excised the distal end of the ulna) to radius position and wrist arthrodesis with a reconstruction plate.
The size of the tumor and the choice of its treatment method are challenging. This study shows that extensive resection of the distal radius and ipsilateral ulna translocation to radius position and wrist arthrodesis can be an appropriate treatment for huge distal radius giant cell tumor (GCT).

Ganglion cysts are the most common type of soft tissue tumors in the hands and wrists. When presented in rare locations, they may cause diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. In this report, we presented a case of a ganglion cyst in the thenar muscle of a 25-year-old woman, which was located adjacent to the recurrent branch of the median nerve. It was removed with surgical excision. The patient’s six-month follow-up was uneventful. This case suggests that ganglion cysts should be included in the differential diagnosis of the hand and wrist pathologies because the late diagnosis can endanger the adjacent structures, such as the recurrent branch of the median nerve.