نشریه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 6، تابستان 1402)

The purpose of this research is to investigate and compare the level of nutritional knowledge, eating habits, knowledge of supplements and doping in football players and coaches. According to its purpose, this research is one of the applied researches. That is, in the classification of the research according to the purpose, it is applied and according to the descriptive-survey method. According to the time of data collection, it is a crosssectional research. The statistical population of the current research will be all players and coaches with valid degrees from the Football Federation in Kurdistan province. Due to the limitedness of the researched community (athletes and coaches), the entire researched community was selected as a sample using available sampling method. According to the information, the sample size of the research is 150 people. The tools for collecting research data are the nutritional knowledge questionnaire of Azad Bakht et al. (2013) and the eating habits questionnaire of Paramenter and Wardell (1999), the questionnaire of supplements (researcher-made with 18 questions and a Likert scale of very low to high imagination) and the doping knowledge questionnaire. by Kendrick et al. (2013). The reliability of the questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha method was 78%, 86%, 95% and 84%, respectively, and its validity was confirmed by experts, so that the questionnaires were shown to three experts and a university professor. Also, the software used in this research was SPSS version 25. Independent t-test and average test of two populations were also used. The results showed that the level of nutritional knowledge, eating habits, knowledge of supplements and doping in football players and coaches is appropriate, but there is a noticeable difference between them.

The deformity of the sole of the foot occurs as a result of the increase in the longitudinal arches of the foot, which causes a change in the natural shape of the foot. In this condition, the middle part of the foot is not unnaturally placed on the ground when bearing weight. Due to the reduction of the contact surface of the foot with the ground when bearing weight, for example in standing or walking, the force of the weight is borne more by the heel and front part of the foot. which can cause pain and thickening of the skin in these areas. The current research aims to measure the effect of a course of corrective exercises on the idiopathic sole deformity of 10-12 year old male students, since the corrective exercises of the research include stretching exercises and strength exercises, and performing these exercises also requires mobility and activity. It is physical, so it seems that it can be used as one of the methods to correct and improve the condition of the sole of the foot. The general purpose of this research is the effect of 12 weeks of corrective exercises on the deformity of the sole of the foot and heel varus.

This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors influencing the attraction of girls' taekwondo talents, and the research method was mixed. In the qualitative part, interviews were used to identify factors affecting the attraction of girls' taekwondo talents, and after interviewing 18 experts in taekwondo, the data reached theoretical saturation, then data analysis was done through open coding and content. The statistical population in the quantitative part included 181 nationals of Razavi Khorasan Province and the purposeful sampling method was used, and the sample number was 91 according to Morgan's table. Data collection was done in the quantitative section using a researcher-made questionnaire from the qualitative section. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and SPSS version 24 and Amos software. The results of this research showed that the 4 main categories of financial support factors, motivational factors, infrastructure development and management factors are effective in attracting taekwondo sports talents and the index of management factors has the highest priority and all indicators have a good fit. According to the results of the research, Taekwondo sports officials can attract the talents of this sport and make the future of the championship sport bright in this field by proper planning and taking the necessary decisions and measures.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of using a powerlifting belt on the variability of spine and hip coordination during deadlift. The statistical population of the research, 15 bodybuilding athletes in Marand city, were selected. 48 hours before the test, 1 repetition of the maximum movement of the deadlift was taken from the subjects and 10 repetitions of the maximum movement of the deadlift were calculated for each subject. Then, the three-part marker model of the spine was installed on the subject's body. At first, a static test was taken while standing in the anatomical position, and then each subject performed the deadlift movement with 50%; 70% and 90% of the maximum repetition percentage with a belt and 48 hours later, they did the same amount of yield in the deadlift movement without a belt. After data processing, the coordination and kinematic variability of three segments of spine and pelvis were calculated using modified vector coding method in MATLAB software. Correlated t-test was used in SPSS software to check the significance of correlation data, and SPM method was used in MATLAB software for variability data. The level of significance in all tests was considered α = 0.05. The results showed that in the execution of the deadlift movement using the powerlifting belt, in-phase coordination in both phases is a dominant pattern during the execution of the deadlift movements, especially for the PL/LB couple; And it was observed that in-phase coordination in both phases occurs mostly at the beginning of the movement and at high intensities (90%).

Physical condition is one of the most important factors affecting a person's mental and physical condition during life .Choosing people who have fewer musculoskeletal abnormalities to enter the field of physical education always plays an effective role in reducing costs and better education. Individual differences are one of the factors that can play an effective role in causing or aggravating musculoskeletal inconsistencies, which can be investigated as the principle of individual differences in Iranian medicine.Therefore, the purpose of this research is the relationship between skeletal-muscular abnormalities in female sports science practical test applicants with different temperaments at Bojnord University. In order to carry out this research, 320 nonathlete women with (mean ± standard deviation) age: 20.01 ± 1.9 years, weight: 63.5 ± 2.5 kg, without professional sports background were available as a statistical sample. were selected and voluntarily participated in the present research .Temperament and type of upper body spine abnormalities were measured and Shapiro- Vick test, correlation coefficient in software space (SPSS 23) was used for data analysis. In all tests, a significant level of p < 0.05 was considered .The results showed the prevalence of kyphosis musculoskeletal abnormalities in samples with Increased heat of temper, reduction and complications of scoliosis with increasing heat of temper increase. Also, the prevalence of kyphosis and lordosis with increasing dryness of the temperament, It reduce the complications of scoliosis with increasing dryness of the temperament, increase. Probably, people with cold and wet temperament are prone to kyphosis and also people with warm and dry temperament are prone to scoliosis .Temperament can be considered effective in the physical structure of people and in order to improve the physical condition, temperament cannot be ignored.

The present study investigated the cause of back pain due to increased lordosis and provided corrective movements. This research is a type of descriptive-analytical research that was carried out using a library method. The tool for collecting information is also a plug-in. Lumbar depression or lordosis means an increase in the concavity of the lumbar spine. The thoracic vertebrae are arched in such a way that their convexity or gouge is towards the back, and the cervical and lumbar vertebrae are placed in such a way that their convexity is towards the front. This arch to the front of the cervical and lumbar vertebrae is called lordosis. Some people also call Lordur Kemer Gudi Kemer. This lordosis or lumbar depression is normal to some extent, but in some people, this depression increases and causes problems such as back pain and feeling tired in the back. Lordosis is a condition in which the internal spine of the body is curved. The spine naturally has a slight curvature that helps the spine function properly. This natural curvature is caused by the shape of the vertebrae that make up the spine. As this curvature of the spine increases, in this case, a lot of pressure or tension is applied to other areas of the spine, resulting in It hurts. The findings showed that it seems that exercise can reduce pain associated with increased lordosis in people with chronic non-specific low back pain, and also increase movement control, and in pregnant women, exercise interventions can reduce pain, especially It occurs in the last months of pregnancy.

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the preference, withdrawal and retention of women in sports clubs. The research method was qualitative which was implemented by content analysis. The participants of the study included 19 female customers of sport clubs in Semnan province that selected by purposeful sampling. Research data were collected through semi-structured interviews. A total of 81 codes were obtained from the analysis of the interviews. Preference factor codes appeared in the form of five sub-themes: reasonable cost and payment method, reputation, appropriate location, activity plan, and attractive internal environment; Codes related to staying and leaving the club appeared in the form of six sub-themes (coach and executive staff, club atmosphere, training activities, emotional dependence, change risks and responding to needs) that represent the two ends of a spectrum. They say that one side leads to staying in the club and the other side leads to leaving the club. Managers of sports venues in the current competitive environment must go beyond being one-dimensional and pay attention to their customers from three perspectives (preference, withdrawal and retention) in order to achieve an acceptable competitive advantage.

The present study was studied with the aim of investigating the relationship between wisdom and psychological well-being with the mediating role of death acceptance in physical education students. The statistical population of the present study was all students of physical education of Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad branch, in the academic year of 2001-2001. For this purpose, a number of 300 people were selected by non-random sampling method available (online) and they were asked the psychological well-being questionnaires of Rief (1989), Webster's wisdom self-assessment (2003) and Clark's acceptance of death. (1976) answered. Descriptive research method of correlation type which was analyzed by structural equation model method. According to the results, wisdom has a direct relationship with the acceptance of death of physical education students of Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad branch. There is a direct relationship between psychological well-being and death acceptance of physical education students of Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad branch. There is a direct relationship between wisdom and psychological well-being of physical education students of Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad branch, and finally, the results of the final fitted model showed that wisdom and psychological well-being play a mediating role in acceptance of death in physical education students of Islamic Azad University. Khorramabad unit has an indirect relationship. The results of this study showed that the three conceptual frameworks, wisdom, psychological well-being and acceptance of death, have theoretical intersection points and can be used in the form of a model. It should be taken into consideration in educational plans for physical education students.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of selected exercises on the motor and social development of children.

The current research was a semiexperimental type that was conducted in the field using experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the research includes all the third-grade students (10,500 people) of Ahvaz city, of which 40 people were randomly selected (staged cluster) and then randomly assigned to two experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. Then the experimental group performed selected exercises for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week and each session was 45 minutes. Gross motor development test (TGMD-2) by Ulrich (2002) was used to measure basic skills and also Vineland social development scale (1989) was used to measure social development. Independent and dependent t tests were used for data analysis at a significance level of p>0.05.

The results obtained from the research showed that there is a significant difference between the control and experimental groups in the development of movement skills (p 0.001, 8.433), manipulation skills (p 0.001, 10.951) and in the development movement (p 0.001, 13.203). Also, the findings showed that there is a significant difference between the control and experimental groups in social development (p<0.022, 2.469).

Based on tese results, it can be concluded that the selected exercises can be used as a suitable program to improve motor and social development of students in the elementary schools.

Fatty liver disease is one of the increasing metabolic diseases. Lifestyle modification such as healthy nutrition and exercise, recommended for patients with fatty liver, and Ganoderma powder is noted for its protective effects on the liver Is. The present study aims to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training along with consumption of Ganoderma powder on serum levels Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes were performed in men with fatty liver

This semi-experimental study was conducted on 30 men with fatty liver in Mahabad city. People were randomly divided into three groups: exercise + supplement, exercise + placebo and supplement. The exercise groups performed a resistance exercise program with a frequency of 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks with an intensity of 50- 70% in increments of 50-65 minutes. Administration of Ganoderma powder daily (5 mg) (one tablespoon in the morning on an empty stomach) was prescribed for 8 weeks to prevent sensitivity from a low starting dose of 1 gram per day. Data analysis was done with spss software. First, data distribution and the homogeneity of variances was investigated using the Shapiro-Wilk and Lone statistical tests, and after ensuring the normal distribution of the data, parametric statistical tests were used to examine the changes. According to the significance of the analysis of variance test, the LSD post hoc test was used to determine The difference was used. P value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant

8 weeks of resistance training reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In addition, Ganoderma supplement alone has an effect on AST.