نشریه مطالعات سیاستگذاری تربیت معلم
سال ششم شماره 1 (پیاپی 15، بهار 1402)

In recent decades, the requirements for active teaching have gained prominence as an effective and innovative approach in the realm of teaching and learning. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying teachers' experiences in implementing the mentioned requirements. It used qualitative research method and was phenome nolog ical in nature. The population consisted of high school teachers of Tabriz, Iran during the academic year of 1401-402. The participants were selected through purposive sampling, and the increasing the sample size continued up to data saturation (16 participants). Data was collected through comprehensive in-depth interviews and was analyzed using Smith's (1995) proposed method. Three main themes were extracted from the findings including the benefits of implementing active teaching, the challenges of implementing active teaching, and the strategies for implementing active teaching each of which consisted of some subthemes. The results indicate that by enhancing the educational processes through students' experiential learning, encouraging their active participate on, and fostering motivation for interaction, teachers were able to improve the requirements for active teaching. Moreover, these experi ences demonstrate that addressing the executive challenges of this approach can improve educational performance through teachers’ readiness, the use of diverse strategi es, and the creation of effective learning environments.

This study aimed to consider the causes and outcomes of teachers’ ranking system in Tehran using Paradigmatic Model. The research method was qualitative and used a data-based approach. Researchers used the snowball technique for purposeful sampling and collected qualitative data through in-depth interviews with 20 experts. Strauss and Corbin's method was used as a paradigmatic model for data analysis. The results of data analysis showed that the causal categories of research include the development of teachers' knowledge competencies and approp riate consequences of ranking. The underlying factor of the model was the strategic management of educa tion. The interfering factors in the proposed model included systematic thinking, flexibility, accep tance of new conditions and lack of resistance to change, attention to training the subordinates as well as establishing proper communication with manag ers, and discriminatory treatment. The outcomes of the model included enhancing teachers' professional development, improving efficiency and performance, increasing the motivation for improved performance and innovativeness, promoting posi tio ns and responsibilities as well as rewarding and inspiring dynamism and liveliness. The strategic category included the development of the career path and teachers' commu nication skills. The pivotal category of the model was ranking based on teachers’ performance appraisal.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the selection process and trends of themes and categories concerning the admission of student teachers to Farhangian Unive rsity with a view on their motives. The present qualitative study used narrative (biographical) research method with a purposive sampling procedure in which the narratives were collected using narrative and unstruck tured intervi ews. A total numb er of 9 themes and 18 categories were finally obtained by coding the narratives, which were later analyzed using theme analysis. In order to increase validity and reliability of the obtained data, narratives were reviewed and revised, university profe ssors were consulted, and the data was subjected to contr adictory analysis and multi-dimensionalization. The 9 them es obtained in the study included: 1-Personality features 2-Family and academic conditions of the subject 3- the issue of national exam (Konkur) and failure to pass it 4-Research about Farhangian University 5- Inclination towards Farhangian University 6-Choosing a goal and consistent effort 7-Participation in National exam (Konkur) 8-Invitation to an interview at Farhangian University, and 9-Success and achieving the goal, which were obtained from the core categories extracted from open codes. The findings show that all 9 themes and 18 categories affect the process of admission to Farhangian University and entry into the practice of teaching and are related to applicants’ motives Finally, the results show that both the intrinsic and extrinsic motives of the subjects interactively motivate the candidates to get admission into Farhangian university and the teaching profession, and none of the motives by themselves can motivate the subjects towards making such a choice. According to Farhangian University, in admitting teacher students, the interaction of all motivations bears significance, which should be taken into account in dealing with different issues.

The aim of the current study is to examine the relationship between social support and career success with a focus on the mediating role of innovative behavior of girls' primary school teachers in Bukan, Iran. In terms of purpose, the present study was an applied correlational research. The popula tion of the study included all female primary school teachers of Bukan, totally including 1260 teachers in the academic year of 1400-1401. The sample was selected using Cochran's formula with an error margin of of 5% equal which included 294 female primary school teachers selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collect data, the standard social support questionnaires of Phillips et al. (1986); Radsip's career success (1984); and Kanter's (1998) innovative behaviors were used. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviate on, and variance), multiple correlation, and confirmatory fact or analysis were used. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relation ship between social support and career success and innovative behavior among girls' elementary school teachers in Bukan, Iran. Moreover, the model has a good fit, and innovative behavior has a strong mediating role.

One of the important challenges of many countries, including Iran, is the lack of teachers, which have resorted to different methods to solve this problem, and one of these plans in Iran was the immediate employment of student teachers. The purpose of this research is to examine the challenges of the immediate employment plan from the perspective of student teachers who were included in this plan.

The method of this research is of qualitative type and it was carried out using the analysis method. The statistical population of the research included the incoming students of Farhangian University in 2018, who started teaching as teachers in the last year of the university. Among them, 14 people were selected using the purposeful sampling method. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview, and the researcher reached theoretical saturation with this number, and Max Kyuda software was used to analyze the qualitative data.

Based on the findings of the research, 57 open codes, 11 free codes, and three core codes were identified with the titles of educational components, organization, and students' perspectives. Free codes included: factors related to the past semesters, factors related to the remaining semesters, teachers and teaching, facilities and equipment, guidelines, AP and university coordination, financial and planning issues, educational components. As a result the implementation of this plan was faced with several challenges that must be considered for its re-implementation.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the causes of lack of motivation for research activities among cultural workers in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. In terms of methodology, the current research is based on a qualitative approach, according to the purpose of applied research and phenomenological method. The target population of this research includes all the working educators (male and female) of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces who were teaching and working in the academic year of 1400-1401. For the sample size, 50 of them were selected as the research sample using available sampling method. To collect information and research data, checklist, note sheet and semi-structured interview were used as research tools. In this way, the description of the participants in the study is first read to gain an understanding of the whole, then the important statements/phrases are extracted, the meanings of the statements and important phrases were extracted. The compiled meanings are organized into themes. A detailed description was written for each of them. The findings of the research showed that after coding and categorizing, 6 obstacles and the main reason for not conducting the research and 43 sub-obstacles were .