نشریه فرهنگ ایلام
پیاپی 78-79 (بهار و تابستان 1402)

The oral Lori literature is a prominent manifestation of dynamism and majesty in the local culture of Lori people. In other words, it is representative of their historical and cultural identity. This descriptive-analytic research aimed to study Lori poems of some well-known poets of this old and rich culture in Bala-Gerivei dialect. One of the major findings of this study is that the selected poets were under the influence of their natural, cultural, and social environment. Some other outstanding features of poems coming from this ancient region include adopting a modest and humble view toward love, describing epic and bravery in times of war and hardship, complaining about bitterness and frustrations of the times, depicting the simple nomadic lifestyle of Lori people, using simple and uncomplicated imagery (especially simile), and pursing simplicity and fluency in the use of expressions

The aim of the present study is to examine the factors affecting the work conscience among the employees of the Red Crescent of Elam province, which was implemented in 2022.

 This study is a quantitative study of the descriptive–analytical type of survey. The statistical community includes all employees of the Red Crescent Organization of Ilam province with a number of 272 people, of which 160 were selected according to the Cochran formula and by the regular sampling method. The tools used in this study were the researcher's questionnaire consisting 60 questions. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed using the multiple correlation coefficient method (regression) as well as the structural equation method.

 Based on the results of the descriptive statistics, the work conscience rate was based on a 5-degree grouping as follows: 9/1 percent was very low, 2/21 was low, 6/50 percent was somewhat, 4/19 was high and 8/3 percent was very high. The results of the inferential statistics also showed that among individual factors, the variables of age(highest age) and Education (Bachelor's degree) with non-dependent(work conscience)have a meaningful relationship, as well as between independent factors(organizational Justice(P=/245), awareness of role ambiguity(P=-/101), job satisfaction(P= - /062), organizational alienation (P=/372). they had. The results of the factor load analysis showed organizational Justice (R= / 287)، Organizational unity (184r=/) job satisfaction (R=- / 038) and awareness of role ambiguity (R=-/079) respectively had the greatest impact in explaining the main variable of the research.

Suicide is one of the social problems that is increasing nowadays due to the more complex interactions and social communication in most societies. The current research is a qualitative study that was conducted using thematic analysis method. The target population includes 25 samples of girls and boys from Dareh Shahr city who committed suicide during the December 2014 to December 20145. In this study, the purposeful sampling type was used (to select teenagers and young people of Dareh Shahr committing suicide) and the sampling continued until saturation was reached and achieved with 25 samples. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. The research findings show that the most important social components of suicide among teenagers and young people in Dareh Shahr are weak social trust, weak social connection, lack of social support, and lack of official support. According to the findings of the research, the components of weak economic foundation, the lived experience of poverty, the continuation of economic problems, health dependent on poverty, the feeling of inferiority from the father's low-level job, and the bad social experience from the parents' job have been the most important economic components that have contributed to the suicide of teenagers and young people in Dareh Shahri. Also, the results show that the family's lack of understanding of problems, the family's weakness in academic matters, the family's weakness in facing problems, and the increase in family problems were the most important family factors of teenagers and young people's suicide. Finally, based on the findings of the study, teenagers and young people commit suicide for reasons such as inability to solve problems, not having a supporter and confidant in times of problems, lack of confidence and economic weakness, poverty and deprivation, family problems, family and school inattention to students' problems, and also the problems caused by the traditional and patriarchal culture for committing suicide.

Entrepreneurial atmosphere, innovative behavior and entrepreneurial enthusiasm are among the challenging factors of organizations. The topic of entrepreneurship in the field of higher education is one of the most important topics in university management, in the entrepreneurial university, the entrepreneurial atmosphere and the entrepreneurial passion of the university managers are considered a necessary condition for the success of the university in actualizing these capabilities, and they create uncertain conditions in businesses. The purpose of this research is the effect of entrepreneurial climate on innovation behavior and entrepreneurial enthusiasm of employees with the moderating role of risk-taking climate and pioneering climate. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. The statistical population of the research includes all managers, employees and experts of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, numbering 408. The minimum sample size was estimated to be 176 people using Gpower software and finally the same number of questionnaires were collected and analyzed. In this research, a questionnaire was used to collect information. Reliability was evaluated using Omega Macdonald's coefficient, and face and content validity were evaluated and confirmed by the supervisor's opinion and construct validity. Also, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS28 and Smart PLS4 statistical software. The results of the research indicate that the entrepreneurial atmosphere has a significant effect on the innovation behavior of employees. Also, the mediating role of entrepreneurial passion on the effect of entrepreneurial climate on employee innovation behavior was confirmed.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mental health of high school students in Ilam province based on gender differences. This research is practical in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of implementation, and it was carried out in a descriptive manner. The statistical population of the research includes all the male and female students of the first year of high school in Ilam province in the academic year 2018-2019, from which a sample of 378 people was selected by multi-stage random sampling. The required data were collected through Goldberg's 28-question general health questionnaire and diagnostic interview. The findings of the research showed that according to the scores of the questionnaire, 20.7% and according to the results of the interview, 17.74% of the statistical sample have problems in the field of mental health. The rate of mental health problems was 16.3% among boys and 25.3% among girls. In the four dimensions of health, 29.8% had problems with social dysfunction, 19.1% with anxiety and insomnia, 16.1% with depression, and 14% with physical symptoms. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that girls have more problems in health, anxiety, depression and physical symptoms than boys and this difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). The findings also showed that there is no difference between the health of students according to their parents' age, educational level and occupation. The results of the research indicate the necessity of implementing programs to improve the mental health of students during adolescence by health officials and parents of education

The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of visual elements of advertising (color, image, logo) on customers’ loyalty with the mediating role of the organization's brand identity (case of study: customers of Sepah Bank of Ilam). The research method is applied in terms of objective and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection, and structural equation modeling was used to investigate the relationships of variables. The statistical population of the research was all customers of Sepah Bank of Ilam, whose number is unlimited, and the sample size of this research is 384 people according to Morgan's table. Sampling was done by simple random sampling. The tool for data collection is a researcher-made questionnaire derived from three questionnaires of the visual elements of advertisements by Askari Far et al. The validity of the research was obtained through a panel of experts (12 people) and reliability through Cronbach's alpha, which includes the visual elements of advertising (0.948), customer loyalty (0.939) and brand identity (0.952). In order to analyze the data and test the hypotheses of the research, the structural equation modeling test was used in SPSS 26 and Lisrel 8/80 software, and the research results showed that the visual elements of advertisements both directly and through brand identity have a significant effect on customer loyalty.

The famous poem "Takht-e-Khan" is a Masnavi composed by Ali Asghar Abbasi Aram, a Kurdish poet from Ilam. In terms of eloquence, brevity, simplicity, and elegance, this poem is one of his most prominent works. One can compare the content and themes of this Masnavi with the "Bana-ye Kohan" Masnavi by Tarke Mir Azadbakht, a famous Laki language poet, in terms of poetic techniques. Despite some differences in the number of verses, unrelated repetitions, and the use of Persian syntax in Tarke Mir Azadbakht's poetry, the descriptions, debates, laments, hints, and other elements of the two poets' works are similar enough that by reading one, the other comes to mind. It can be said that Abbasi Aram and Tarke Mir share common experiences and environments that have led to the creation of poems with similar themes. The main theme of both Masnavis is the instability of the world and its unfaithfulness. In this study, using content analysis and library resources, the common themes and slight differences between the two Masnavis are examined.

Laki is a one of the dialects of Southern Kurdish spoken in Ilam, Kermanshah, Lorestan, Hamadan, and some areas in Northern Iran. The Darreh Shahri variety is also an accent of Laki dialect spoken in Darreh Shahr Township of Ilam Province.  The present article aims at investigating the passive construction in Laki dialect of Darreh Shahr in the framework of role and reference grammar. The linguistic analyses according to this method have a special importance because this theory pays attention to three syntactic, semantic and pragmatic levels simultaneously. Passive construction is widely used in the languages of the world. At first, the writers of this article have studied the previous researches and works of other grammarians and linguists and then all types of passive constructions in Laki spoken in Darreh Shahr according to role and reference grammar. In this paper, it has been shown how the structures of passive is made. Here, passive constructions in present and past tenses have been explained and it has been depicted that there are four kinds of passive constructions in Laki variety of Darreh Shahr including: high-frequency passive, low-frequency passive, out-of-date passive and impersonal passive. Moreover, it has be shown that passivization is one of the processes of valency reduction in verbs. The passive structure is the best known technique for what is termed as valency-changing process. Furthermore, this process is related to syntactic level. Finally, it is shown that role and reference grammar and key concepts of this theory i.e. actor and undergoer explain passive structures in Laki dialect of Darreh Shahr properly.