نشریه پژوهش هایی در کشت سلول و بافت کاریوتیک
سال سوم شماره 1 (بهار 1401)

Pancreas is a gland deep in the abdomen that is located between the stomach and the vertebrae of the spine. The most important hormone secreted from this gland is insulin. Insulin enters the bloodstream and helps the body to use the energy in food. Now, if the pancreas is disturbed in its function, this will reduce the production of insulin in the body, which results in the occurrence of diabetes. According to the research, medicinal plants play an essential role in the health of the pancreas, and preventing the destruction of pancreatic beta cells is an important factor in dealing with diabetes. In this research, we intend to investigate the causal relationship between the effects of medicinal plants on the protection and repair of pancreatic beta cells by using the descriptive-analytical method and referring to the available sources.The study of medicinal plants such as Salvia Officinalis, Purslane, Urtica, Otostegia Persica, Abelmoscus Esculentus, Ziziphora Clinopodioides Lam and Juglans Regia, which were examined in this article, promises that their use is due to the presence of compounds such as flavonoids and antioxidants. It can cause regeneration and repair of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans through the creation of mechanisms.

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a new anti-cancer therapeutic method in the field of plasma medicine, with high selectivity to kill cancer cells more than normal cells. In recent years plasma-activated solutions, specifically plasma-activated medium (PAM) have also shown their selective anti-cancer effect, like direct CAP treatment. Different sources produce plasma, and the purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of various plasma production devices on the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

The effect of PAM produced from three different sources of cold atmospheric plasma on the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was compared using the MTT test.

The cells treated with PAM of the Parla plasma jet in 1, 2, 3, and 4 minutes decreased the viability of the cells by 35%, respectively. The cells treated with PAM of electric charge discharge plasma device caused significant cell death, but the culture cells treated with PAM of argon plasma jet device did not affect cell survival.

The present findings showed that the type of cold atmospheric plasma source is effective on cell survival rate.

This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial properties of metabolites extracted from cellulose microbiomes to better understand their potential as a source of new antimicrobial agents.

In this observational-analytical study, 50 soil samples were collected from different regions of Tehran province. After culturing, suspicious colonies were phenotypically and biochemically tested, and molecular identification was performed by amplifying the 16S rRNA gene. Primary screening of metabolite production with antibacterial and antifungal effects was done using the Cross-Streak Method. The antimicrobial effect of the extracted metabolite was measured using the well diffusion method and the minimum concentration of growth inhibition. Finally, the chemical composition and potential metabolite substance were determined through high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.

Five Cellulosimicrobium isolates were identified using biochemical methods and molecular identity verification. Among the five isolates suspected to be Cellulosimicrobium, strong antibacterial activity was observed in one isolate during the screening stage. Cellulosimicrobium had a strong effect on Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, but no antifungal effect was observed. The structure of the desired metabolite with the formula C14H24N2O7 was identified through HPLC and Mass chromatography analysis.

These findings suggest that Cellulosimicrobium is a promising source for the discovery and development of new antimicrobial agents.

With the increase of antibiotic resistance, the effort to reduce the consumption of antibiotics by replacing natural active compounds has received much attention in recent years. Cyanobacteria are highly diverse and contain metabolites with medicinal, nutritional and antimicrobial properties.

I In this study, the effect of Spirulina platensis extract on two Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus subsp.marcescens and Bacillus subtilis subsp.subtilis (bscillus natto), two Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and two fungi Penicillium and Aspergillus niger. was investigated. Spirulina platensis hydroalcoholic extract was prepared by maceration method and its antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk and agar well diffusion methods.

The results showed that the growth of Gram-positive Bacillus was inhibited by Spirulina extract and Staphylococcus aureus showed no sensitivity to the existing Spirulina. Generally, gram positive bacteria were more sensitive than gram negative bacteria. Also, Aspergillus niger showed more antifungal activity than Penicillium. The supernatant showed better results than the hydroalcoholic extract, and diameter the inhibition zone was from 1 to 15 mm.

In general, due to the increasing resistance of pathogenic fungi to common antifungals, it is recommended that with more research on Spirulina microalgae, the antimicrobial compounds of this algae can be used in the treatment of infectious and fungal diseases.

 Particulate matter (PM) is one of the major components of air pollutants and is composed of a mixture of liquid droplets or solid particles which are suspended in the air with a diameter of 2.5µm (PM2.5) or less. In this study, the co-exposure effect of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and gaseous pollutants was assessed on the expression of aquaporin-9, GATA-4, and GATA-6 in testicles of male rats at the gene and protein levels.

In this study, three experimental groups were assigned; the first group was exposed to gaseous pollutants along with PM2.5 and was called the TM group; the second group included rats exposed to only gaseous pollutants and was called the TJ group. The control group received clean air without any pollutants or PMs and was called the TC group. The exposure time was five hours per day which started from 9:00 A.M to 14:00 P.M for four days per week. The process of time exposure lasted six months. The levels of SO2, NO2, O3, and PM2.5 were routinely measured. The UV fluorescence method was utilized for the measurement of SO2, NO2, and O3, while the beta- attenuation technique was employed for the analysis of PM2.5.

  The results demonstrated that the concentration of PM2.5 in the exposed groups was significantly higher than the level recommended by the WHO, after six months, whereas the levels of SO2, NO2, and O3 were significantly lower than the recommended levels. The order of increment in the levels of metals in PM2.5 was Al> Ca>Mn>Cu> Cd> Na > Fe > Cr> Ni> Mn > Pb.

According to our findings, it is concluded that exposure to PM2.5 could cause male infertility problems and must be considered a health concern for males.