فصلنامه آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
سال هفدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 66، تابستان 1402)

This study compared the effectiveness of filters of acidophilus, cephalexin, and garlic essential oil on dominant bacteria causing otitis dogs in Urmia. Garlic oil was obtained in pure form. Different dilutions of antibiotic cephalexin were prepared after preparing. The acidophilus filter preparation was carried out. Analyzing the antimicrobial properties and stability of acidophilus filter is done through determining MIC, MBC and hard Disc. The results showed that 50 cases of samples were male and 52 samples were female of 102 middle ear infection samples. In 90 cases (88.24%) the infection was due to bacterial otitis of which Staphylococcus aureus (22.5%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (18.6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.7%) had maximum middle ear- infection leading bacteria, respectively, and 12 (11.76%) had infectious causes. Acidophilus filter and garlic oil could inhibit otitis predominant bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae) in dog in the city of Urmia almost as common antibiotics and inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus significantly more than Streptococcus pneumoniae (P <0.05). The mean minimum inhibitory concentrations and bactericidal concentration of Staphylococcus aureus growth affected by acidophilus filter, garlic oil and cephalexin antibiotic and also the complexes of garlic essential oil + acidophilus filter, and acidophilus filter + cephalexin were significantly lower than that of Streptococcus pneumonia and the minimum inhibitory concentration and bactericidal concentration of the growth of garlic oil + cephalexin was the same on both of bacteria.

Considering the consumption of caffeine as a supplement favored by theathletes and the proof of its long-term abuse effects on male fertility, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moderate aerobic training combined with the conditioning of Sertoli cell media in testicular damage caused by caffeine consumption.For this purpose,30male Wistar rats were tested in5groups.For4weeks, the groups received caffeine at a dose of200 mg/kg orally and group1received of distilled water.42days after that, the conditioned media of Sertoli cells was injected into the efferent ducts of the rats in the treatment group.After8 weeks, mice were sampled.Tissue samples were studied by histomorphometry andSOD,,GPX, TACand MDA.The group under the influence of caffeine compared to the healthy group, significantly(p<0.01).had lower values of seminiferous tubule diameter, epithelium height, interstitial thickness,TAC, SODandGPXand higher values ofMDA. Respectively, the three groups affected by caffeine along with exercise treatment, treatment with media conditioning and exercise along with media conditioning compared to the group affected with caffeine, have higher values of seminiferous tubule diameter, epithelium height, interstitial thickness,TAC, SODandGPX,and MDA values were lower.In the treatment group with media conditioning and exercise, there was a significant difference in the amount of decrease and increase in the mentioned parameters compared to the other two treatment groups (p<0.05).The results of the present study showed that the use of Sertoli cell media conditioning and aerobic exercise at the same time, with synergistic effects, improves the antioxidant defense indices and reduces the harmful effects of caffeine in the testicular tissue of rats..

Hyperthyroidism is one of the common diseases in felines. For confirming this disease, the scintigraphy technique can be used. In Iran, the use of the scintigraphy method is not common due to the limited access to radiopharmaceuticals, gamma cameras, and keeping of animals following scintigraphy due to the excretion of radioactive material. This study aimed to evaluate the possibility of diagnosing this disease using CT scan technique is an alternative compared to scintigraphy. 19 cats suspected of hyperthyroidism were used in this study. Each of the animals was examined using blood samples to check thyroid hormones. Then the scintigraphy has done and after that, they were isolated for 24 hours to dispose of the radiopharmaceutical. Finally, the thyroid gland of the animals was examined by CT scan and the results of the tests were compared with each other. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the parameters obtained from the blood serum hormone and the parameters obtained from the CT scan, such as length, width, height, volume, heterogeneity, and radiation attenuation, between the two patient and healthy groups. However, the scintigraphy parameters of the two groups contains healthy and patients, such as the density ratio of the thyroid gland to the salivary glands density, as well as the thyroid gland density to the background area, had statistically significant differences. The results of this study showed that it is not possible to diagnose hyperthyroidism in cats using the CT scan technique as an alternative to the scintigraphy technique.

Bovine Viral Diarrhea is considered as one of the difficulties in industrial livestock whole world. If it went out of control, can causes significant economic losses. The eradication of the disease requires serological and molecular studies due to the presence of animals with persist infection. This study’s purpose is prevalence assessment of this disease in Golestan province. In order to do this, serum samples were taken from 200 cows (which) selected from industrial and traditional farms in 6 cities of the Golestan province randomly and they were tested for the presence of antibodies against BVDV by standard ELISA kits. The results showed that the prevalence of BVD antibodies in obtained serums is 22/92 percent. The most prevalence is related to the Bandar-e-Turkman county and the least prevalence is related to the Aliabad county. The prevalence of the disease in industrial farming system was more than traditional one (p<0.1) and there was a significant relationship between increasing age and number of claves with increasing antibody titer. Thus, the high serum prevalence of infection in farms in Golestan province refers to spread of pollution and economical importance of controlling the disease. Emphasis on changing the approach to livestock industrialization can help controlling the disease beside other preventive measures.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most common cardiac diseases in dogs. If this disease is not detected and treated in time, it may cause the death of the affected animal. For this reason, its timely diagnosis is very important. This study was also carried out to investigate and identify the echocardiographic and radiographic indicators of dogs with DCM by sex, sterility status, breed, age and weight. For this purpose, using echocardiography and radiography, various parameters of the left ventricle and VHS (Vertebrae Heart Scale) of all dogs with DCM were measured. The results showed that the highest rate of prevalence was related to male dogs, not sterilized, terrier, age group 6-9 years and weight 5-10 kg. The findings of echocardiography showed that between the parameters of IVSs and LVDs in male and female DCM dogs, EF and FS of different sterility status, LVD and RVD of different breeds, all parameters measured in different weights and EF, LVDd and LVDs are a statistically significant difference in different ages. The average VHS of dogs with breed, age, sterility status and different weights with DCM were significantly different from each other. Also, the findings showed that gender has no effect on VHS change. Therefore, knowing the population with DCM disease, and other diagnostic imaging findings related to it, can help in the early diagnosis of this disease. After that, the findings of this research can be considered as a valid reference in the examination of different dogs with DCM.

Lumpy skin disease is a viral disease of cattle and buffaloes which causes skin nodules in susceptible animals. Implementation of mass vaccination is the most effective way for LSD control in endemic countries. LSD vaccine that was used in the current study is a domestically produced vaccine containing live attenuated Neethling strain. In this clinical trial, 11 male calves aged 6 to 9 months with an approximate weight of 150 to 250 kg and without antibodies against LSDV were used. The calves were divided into three groups: the first group consisted of two animals that were injected with ten times the vaccine dose, the second group comprised of four calves that were injected with one dose of vaccine and the third group consisted of five calves that received the vaccine diluent and assigned as control. On the 21st day after vaccination, the calves were challenged with a pathogenic strain of LSD virus through simultaneous intravenous and intradermal inoculation. All 11 calves were examined clinically daily for 14 days after the challenge and all clinical signs were recorded. None of the vaccinated animals (ten times the dose and one dose) showed any clinical signs of LSD including cutaneous nodules and fever within 14 days after challenge, while all the animals in the control group (non-vaccinated) showed clinical signs of LSD including cutaneous nodules. Therefore, the vaccine used in the present study was effective in protecting against wild LSD virus.