نشریه جغرافیا و توسعه ناحیه ای
سال بیست و یکم شماره 2 (پیاپی 43، تابستان 1402)

1- Identifying the position of the Lorestan province in terms of tourism and agriculture rather than its competitors (Kermanshah, Kurdistan, Hamadan, Khuzestan, Ilam, Isfahan, Markazi) in competitiveness debate according to sources and internal capabilities of the province of Lorestan. 2- Identifying effective macro environmental factors that influence the development of the province 3- Proportional strategic mapping indicating proportional strategic equilibrium between sources and potentials of the province of Lorestan with macro-environmental factors and identified objectives in the development vision document of the province.

For strategic development and description of the objectives, resources, abilities and macro-environmental factors Meta-SWOT analysis technique has been used. Data and information needed have been provided using document and survey methods (questionnaire). A sample of people has been 40 experts in fields associated offices and academic researchers who have been chosen targeted. Findings/

The results indicate that the funds allocated to the province in legislative bodies, the country's macro management, international sanctions, lack of private sector investment, ethnicity in the province and negative publicity are considered as the most important factors of the development of Lorestan. In regional competitiveness debate in the discussion of regional tourism, the provinces of Isfahan with a score of 4 out of 5 possible scores and Kermanshah with a score of 3 have been identified as the most important competitors. From agricultural aspect, the provinces of Khuzestan with a score of 80/3, Kermanshah, Isfahan Points 3 of 5 possible points have been identified as the most important regional competitors for the province.

Considering the available resources and capabilities of Lorestan Province in terms of tourism and agriculture, with planning and proper management in the final development document of the country, the 1404, it can be in a better position in terms of development in the region.

Among the strategies for the development of nomadic society is settlement of nomads, which can leave different effects and consequences. The consequences of implementing the settlement plan in general can affect the quality of life of nomads in various economic and social dimensions. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the economic and social effects of the implementation of the settlement plan on the quality of life of the nomads of Khaf city in the four centers of Chah Zul, Baniabad, Nehor and Deh Khatib. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the type of research is applied. Library and field methods (questionnaire and interview) were used to collect information.Based on the statistics of 2017, the statistical population of the research included 779 households, and according to Cochran's formula, 258 samples were calculated and simple random sampling was used to select the households. To analyze the findings, SPSS software and one-sample t-test, Friedman and Vikor's multi-criteria decision-making model were used. The results of examining the average economic-social effects of the implementation of housing projects showed that the highest average in the economic dimension belongs to the center of Khatib with an average of 3.96 and the lowest average also belongs to the center of Baniyabad with an average of 3.59 and in the social dimension the highest average is related to the center of De Khatib with an average of 4.29 and the lowest average belonged to Kanon Baniabad with an average of 3.98. Vicor model showed that the centers of Nehor and Deh Khatib with regard to the indicators of the economic and social effects of implementation of the settlement plan on improving the quality of life among the studied centers, Nahor and Deh Khatib are in the best rank and Chah Zul and Baniabad are at the bottom.

Abstract Overseas agriculture refers to the purchase or lease of land pieces on a large scale in countries with the appropriate potential facilities and production resources to use them for crop production. Although years have passed since overseas agriculture was first introduced in Iran, there is still no long-term strategic plan for it. Therefore, the present study aimed to apply the SWOT and QSPM models to analyze overseas agriculture of Iran based on a strategic perspective. The research is an applied study in terms of goal and an exploratory sequential study in terms of methodology. The exploratory sequential method is characterized by an initial qualitative phase of data collection and analysis, followed by a phase of quantitative data collection and analysis that has great potential to strengthen the rigor and enrich the analysis and findings. The SWOT model was used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of overseas agriculture. Accordingly, this research aimed to discover appropriate strategies, with a focus on leveraging strengths and opportunities to overcome weaknesses and threats. Ultimately, quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) was performed based on the results and analysis. Afterward strategies were explored and prioritized. The results showed that the appropriate strategies for Iran’s overseas agriculture are defensive strategies given the scores obtained by the internal factors matrix (2.013 out of 4) and external factors matrix (2.454 out of 4). Among different strategies of the defensive model, the strategy WT3 – i.e. implementing and operationalizing statutes and policies of overseas agriculture to improve the effectiveness of the responsible organizations – was scored the highest, so it was recognized as the main conclusion of the study.

To evaluate and explain the role and place of urban governance in the process of intervention in the limits of worn out and inefficient tissues of Mashhad city. In this article, an attempt has been made to answer these questions, what are the features and dominant approaches in each period? Who are the main actors of each period and how do they play a role in this process?Research

This research is based on a qualitative approach and aims to determine the role and position of urban governance in this process. Observation, interview and questionnaire (targeted sampling) techniques have been used to collect the required information.Findings and

The results of this research show that two different and distinct approaches can be distinguished in the examination of a 30-year period (1370-1400). In the first period, the dominant approach of intervention in these contexts is renovation combined with an economic and project-oriented perspective, without taking into account the participation of residents and the local community in this process: In the second period, the approach of urban regeneration has been carried out with the view of attracting the participation of residents and the local community through facilitation and the creation of neighborhood development offices and changing the attitude of the government and the public sector from renovation and project-oriented to sustainable urban regeneration. According to the characteristics of activists of each period, different interests and interests as well as the power to influence other activists were investigated and analyzed.

Heat waves are one of the climate hazards. The purpose of this research is to investigate the heat waves of Ardabil city and its effect on urban heating from 2003 to 2018. For this purpose by using Fumiaki index, the days where the temperature was +2 standard deviations or higher than the NTD average and lasted for at least 2 days and was defined as a day with heat wave. In order to investigate the effect of heat waves on heat island in the hot and cold months, the heat island for days with a heat wave and a normal day without heat wave with the lowest and maximum temperature before the occurrence of each heat wave during the day and at night of Modis - Aqua was calculated. According to the results, during the studied period, the highest annual and monthly frequency of heat wave in Ardabil was in 2010 and 2016 and in March, April and July. The results also showed that the maximum duration of heat waves was 4 days and therefore short-term. According to the findings, both in the hot months and in the cold months, in both heat wave and no heat wave condition, a cold island is often formed during the day and a heat island is formed at night in Ardabil center. Heat waves, especially in the hot months of the year, have been more than no heat wave conditions. In the summer nights, in the heat wave conditions, the temperature increase up to 4 ºc has also been experienced in the heat island. In total, the results showed that the influence of the heat island on the occurrence of heat waves was higher in hot months than in cold months.

The aim of this study was to assess the new criteria and design features of a city based on the principle of attention to the sense of place in urbanism in the first place, and in the second step to examine the compliance of Mashhad metropolitan area 2 with These are the criteria and prioritization of each of the indicators.

According to the theoretical approaches of this research, the present study is a descriptive-analytical method. in order to collect data and information, in addition to library studies and the use of urban plans, first, to identify research indicators, a questionnaire has been collected. Accordingly, 4 indicators and 9 sub-indicators were identified in this field. Based on the Cochran's formula, 391 questionnaires were distributed among the citizens of District 2 of Mashhad. The research questions were used through SPSS software and one-sample regression and t-tests and the decision model was based on DEMATEL paired scales..

The results of t-test confirm the research hypothesis that the sense of place in the region is average and the linear regression test confirms the relationship of each of the indicators to the sense of place. Among the four regions of region 2, respectively, region two with an average of 3.27, region three with an average of 3.19, region four with an average of 2.91 and region one with an average of 2.83 have suitable conditions for improving the sense of place. Finally, the Di metal technique shows the importance of indicators and shows that the environmental index with an average of 3.93 has the most importance for strengthening the sense of place in Zone 2 of Mashhad Municipality.Keywords: New Urbanism, Sense of Place, City Anonymity, Region 2 of Mashhad Municipality, Di metal Technique.

The North Karoun water basin is effective in the sustainable supply of water resources in the southwest and center of Iran. The occurrence of droughts in the basin has led to a 50% decrease in water supply and a drop in the water level of aquifers. The high rate of changes in the basin (63%) indicates the vulnerability of water sources. To analyze the climate vulnerability index (1990-2020), the basic component analysis method was used. The statistical findings indicated the most important effective factors with Eigen-Value weights include variability of discharge (W=1.987), long-term drought (W=1.658), agricultural water (W=1.33), and aquifer reservoir deficit (W=1.09) vulnerability. Climatic (CVI) of North Karoun basin. Behesht Abad, Vanak and Lordegan sub-basins have critical and high vulnerability coefficients, while Bazoft and Koohrang have the lowest vulnerability. For the future perspective of the basin, the climatic conditions (2020-2040) and based on climate change in the SSp.4.5, SSp.8.5 scenarios of the sixth report and the negative and positive drivers of the basin development programs in the horizon of 1420 were used. The findings indicated that with the continuation of the current trend of temperature and the occurrence of droughts and the implementation of water transfer and construction projects in the framework of negative drivers, the intensity of the vulnerability index will increase. But by choosing strategies based on positive drivers (adaptability to climate change), correcting the consumption pattern, and adjusting the amount of transferable water (from 770 to 212), climate vulnerability index will decrease in the perspective(2020-2040).Therefore, the continuation of the status quo will lead to an increase in the vulnerability index, social tensions, and climatic migrations. Therefore, revising exploitation strategies, adjusting development plans, choosing climate change adaptation strategies, and modifying water consumption patterns based on ecological potential will lead to increased resilience and sustainability of water resources.

AbstractPaying attention to the sustainability of the housing sector as the most important urban element in sustainable urban development is recognized as one of its most essential aspects; Therefore, knowing the indicators of suitable housing and trying to achieve the desired housing is an important issue in the discussion of sustainable urban development. Considering the importance of housing in the structure of today's cities and the lives of citizens, it is important to pay attention to the principles of sustainable development in the direction of spatial and social justice and the physical structure of cities, the quantitative and qualitative desirability of uses, especially residential use and the category of housing. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to investigate and spatially analyze sustainable housing indicators in Tehran metropolis. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and practical in terms of targeting. In this research, quantitative entropy models, gray relation analysis (GRA), Moran's spatial autocorrelation statistics and Arc Gis software were used to investigate and spatially analyze sustainable housing indicators in the 22 districts of Tehran metropolis. The results of the research show that the spatial distribution pattern of sustainable housing indicators at the level of 22 districts of Tehran is clustered, and districts 1, 22 and 21, respectively, have a gray rank of 0.638. 0.554 and 0.550 are in the first to third ranks in terms of having the studied indicators and are in a favorable condition. Statistically, about 0.4% of the regions are in favorable condition, 0.41% in semi-favorable condition and 0.45% in unfavorable condition. Geographically, the southeastern regions of Tehran are in an unfavorable situation, and from north to south and from west to east of Tehran, sustainable housing indicators have decreased.

In the recent decades of citizenship rights to become one of the most complicated social and political issues and has attracted the attention of many thinkers and politicians. On the issue of awareness of citizenship rights and its factors, several studies have been conducted with different results in Iran, that combine and summarize our results will lead to a clearer understanding of this important fact. Meta-analysis aimed to identify points of differences and similarities of research in this field and identify the most important factors influencing the awareness of citizenship rights in Iran.

Population of the study almost scientific papers that are the subject factors awareness of citizenship rights in 2001 and 2021 were published. Finally, 22 papers selected and analyzed with the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software.

The results of the meta-analysis shows that first awareness of citizenship rights in Iran is average. Second of numerous factors, social participation and social - economic status and media consumption compared to other factors, a greater impact on awareness of citizenship rights in Iran. Third, the effect size analysis shows a significant effect of social participation, social - economic status and media consumption on awareness of citizenship rights were 0.32, 0.27 and 0.26 respectively. Considering the impact of these variables on the awareness of citizenship rights, the following suggestions can be made: introducing organizations, associations, associations, non-governmental organizations in different fields to citizens and explaining their various activities for increasing the level of people's participation; Using the capabilities of the Broadcasting Organization to produce programs on the subject of citizenship; and providing a suitable environment for demanding citizenship rights through television programs, text messages and the Internet system.

The quality of living in cities is directly related to the quality of urban spaces. Determining the quality of urban space depends on the factors of space production. Despite the development of urban planning and architecture knowledge in the contemporary period, the quality of living in cities does not seem very favorable. The government and capital are in a close relationship and are considered to be the most important factors in the production of urban space in the contemporary period, including the city of Zanjan. The production of space in the contemporary period of Zanjan city has mainly been done in the form of land preparation plans. The findings of the research show that during this period, more than 94% of the total land was prepared through the direct intervention of the government or the cooperatives owned by the government employees. land development by the government has provided the conditions for land rent and creating added value in this way and has turned the land and housing sector into a safe place for capital reproduction. This shows the indisputable role of the government and capital in producing the urban space of Zanjan.The research method in this article is qualitative based on the purpose of the research and because the nature of the subject is non-measurable and non-quantifiable variables and the data under review are documents, textual and statistical data. Based on this, the method of conducting descriptive (post-event)-analytical study. To analyze the influencing forces on the production process of urban space, the "multi-issue-multiplayer Mector" model was used, and to evaluate the degree of coherence and in the spatial interweaving of the city, the correlation coefficient at the comprehensive and local level, as well as the depth coefficient, were used.Keywords: space production, government, capital, urban space, Zanjan city

Livability includes several factors that depend on the prevailing local economic, social and cultural conditions. Today, livability is a prerequisite for a healthy life along with economic and social survival, so it is very important to improve the quality of life. In this regard, the concept of the circular economy has been promoted as a response to the lack of resources and as a driver for moving towards a more sustainable economic system. This study examines the effect of circular economy (recycling, production and reuse) on economic viability by measuring the role of social entrepreneurship. This research is descriptive-survey type. The statistical population of the research consists of 80 active social entrepreneurs of Tabriz city, who were selected by available sampling method, and standard and researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect data. The results of hypothesis testing were shown by SMART-PLS software using T-test and path coefficients (B).The results of the research show that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between the circular economy components (reuse, production and recycling) with economic viability (employment and income, household expenses and the value of land and housing) at a significance level of 0.001. has it. Also, the positive effect of the mediating variable of social entrepreneurship on economic viability was confirmed (B=0.681). Therefore, the necessity of reducing the use of natural resources through the reuse and recycling of products in line with special attention to economic viability and the role of social entrepreneurs with positive social and environmental impact and the development of business models is revealed.