نشریه اندیشه حقوقی معاصر
سال سوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 11، زمستان 1401)

One of the most important problems of the judicial system is the delay of proceedings, which increases the workload of judges and delays justice. Delays in this matter can be considered unfair. In spite of this, the most important and fundamental goals of the judicial system are the realization of justice, the removal of grievances, abuses and the expansion of judicial justice, and their realization is crucial to the establishment of order, security and public satisfaction. The aim of this article is to reduce the time it takes to deal with judicial cases and thus increase public satisfaction by using statistical approaches. A queuing theory technique, the basics of optimal sequence analysis, and optimal level analysis are used in this article. A queuing theory is one of the oldest and most developed analysis techniques in waiting lines, and the optimal sequence approach can be used to organize cases efficiently during the judicial process. Optimal level analysis also follows the level of delay from the processing time of the cases in order to minimize both delay costs and speed increase costs. The application of these tools to reduce the delay of proceedings in Iran's judicial system is explained by using numerical examples.

Dowry or Sadaq is a financial obligation that a couple is obliged to pay when the marriage contract takes place. He is also obliged to pay it every time the woman demands after the marriage. Having property, being able to acquire the dowry by a woman, being known, having a legitimate rational interest and being surrenderable are the conditions of the dowry based on articles 1078 to 1080 and other articles of the Civil Code. In this article, the author discusses five types of dowry (gold coin, cash, dowry, pilgrimages and flowers) and states that regarding the gold coin, its amount is determined by asking the gold and jewelry union. In the case of cash, its amount is calculated in proportion to the change in the annual price index of the time of payment compared to the year of the contract execution, which is determined by the central bank, unless the couple has agreed otherwise during the execution of the contract, regarding the dowry by referring to an official expert. Its value is determined. In regards to pilgrimages (Hajj and Karbala, etc.), inquiries are made to the organization of Hajj and pilgrimage, and regarding flowers to the florists' union.

One of the crimes mentioned in various parts of the laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran is corruption on earth. In this article, we intend With juridical and legal basis Review and criticize cases that were enacted in the 2013 Islamic Penal Code As corruptions And have the death penalty It seams That the legislator has it as Independent crime and HAD crime And has imposed the death penalty for this crime ( Had or Taazir ) With the meanings of verses, traditions and jurisprudence, it is not compatible. Also, it seems Should be reviewed to executed Crimes of corruption and moharebeh. Because these sentences are subject to juridical and legal problems If these bugs are in place,So in Iran's penal code, There are cases of corruption on earth And have a death sentence But this is not a valid jurisprudential rulingAnd have a death sentence But this is not a valid jurisprudential ruling

Judicial justice is one of the most important goals of any judicial system. If judicial justice is not achieved for any reason, the judicial system will be damaged. Therefore, crimes against judicial justice refer to any behavior, whether an act or an omission, that hinders the realization of judicial justice in the society. The current research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the criminal laws of Iran in the field of crimes against judicial justice by using documents and library resources and using a descriptive and analytical method. Therefore, the findings and results of the research indicate that due to the importance of crimes against judicial justice, it is necessary to compile a separate section in this regard. Due to the fact that there are many chapters in the punishment section of the Islamic Penal Code, while we do not have any chapters under the title of crimes against judicial justice or crimes against judicial justice, and this is an important harm in the criminal laws of Iran.

The role of the prosecutor's representative in reviewing cases varies according to its subject matter, even in similar crimes. He reports the trial process to the prosecutor, and through this, the prosecutor is informed about the developments in the case. Therefore, in this study, several cases have been reviewed and analyzed by stating the verdict issued by the court, examines the issue that the absence of the prosecutor or his representative in the hearing will lead to the violation of the verdict or Not? The results show unlike the former, the prosecutor and his representative urge that in court hearings, in addition to defending the indictment and the evidence obtained by observing and observing the principle of equality of arms, guarantee the rights of the litigants and society, and finally taking into account the individual principle. The imposition of penalties, if the defendant deserves it, will affect the trial process and enable him to benefit from benevolent institutions.