نشریه پلاسما و نشانگرهای زیستی
سال شانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 64، پاییز 1402)

Viola tricolor is one of the medicinal plants of the Violaceae family, which possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the effect of V. tricolor hydro-ethanolic extract on glucose levels and serum lipid profile in diabetic rats.

The rats were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin and nicotine to induce diabetes. Diabetic rats were divided into four groups. The first group received no treatment, and the second to fourth groups received glibenclamide and extract of V. tricolor with doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg for 30 consecutive days by gavage. Blood glucose level, lipid profile, and body weight were assessed at the end of the period.

When administered at a dose of 600 mg/kg, V. tricolor extract significantly reduced the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein in the serum of diabetic rats. It also increased high-density lipoprotein and body weight in these animals.

The results indicate that the Viola tricolor is beneficial in reducing complications caused by type 2 diabetes.

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide and breast (MCF-7) and cervical (Hela) cancers rank among the most prevalent malignancies in women. The search for natural compounds with extended shelf life and reduced side effects has prompted plants for cancer investigations into the potential use of medicinal pretreatment. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of chamomile ethanol extract on the viability of MCF-7 and Hela cancer cell lines using the methyl thiazole tetrazolium test.

The cell lines were exposed to chamomile ethanol extract for 48 hours, to varying concentrations of chamomile the results were analyzed based on the inhibitory concentration (IC50) for cell growth.

The IC50 value was calculated as 1420 μg/ml for the Hela cell line and 1760 μg/ml for MCF-7 cancer cells. Chamomile ethanolic extract decreased cell survival in a dose-dependent manner in both cell lines and the growth inhibition percentage of both cell lines increased with increasing extract concentration. Notably, the findings revealed that MCF-7 cancer cells are more resistant to treatment with chamomile extract than cervical cell lines.

Moreover, the chamomile extract demonstrated a more candidate anticancer effect on Hela cancer than on the MCF-7 cancer cell line.

Claudins are the main structural and functional proteins of tight junctions in epithelial cells. The altered expression patterns of differ ent claudin members have been demonstrated in a variety of diseases, particularly in cancers.  It has been reported that claudin 1 is overexpressed 22-fold in gastric adenocarcinoma.  Considering the least side effect of herbal extracts, in this study we have evaluated  claudin-1 gene expression in AGS cells treated with ziziphora extract.

The AGS cells were incubated 37°C containing 5% CO2  with 85% humidity DMEM with  10% FBS .  The cells were treated with concentrations of 800, 1200, 2000 μg /ml of ziziphora for 48 and 72 hours. Extraction of RNA, synthesis of cDNA has been done using kit. The study of claudin-1 gene expression was performed by Real time PCR and also GAPDH gene was used as the internal control. Data analysis was performed with 2 - ΔΔCT and statistically analyzed by T-Test  .

The results of Real time PCR data have shown in 48 hours treatment, reduction of 7 and 2.3 fold with concentrations of 800 and 1200 μg /ml of ziziphora  respectively  and  in  72 hours treatment, reduction of 5.8 and 10 fold have seen in concentrations of 800 and 1200μg /ml of ziziphora, respectively and there was no significant  change in concentration of 2000μg / ml in both treatments.

Ziziphora extract in 1200 μg /ml concentration, reduced the expression of claudin-1 remarkably. Claudin-1 may become therapeutic targets for cancer treatment and ziziphora  as a herbal extract decreased the expression rate of claudin1significantly, in lower concentrations treatment.

Increasing evidence indicates the detrimental effects of obesity and hyperlipidemia on sperm quality. The degree of reversibility of these quality changes in studies is different. One of the properties attributed to cinnamon in traditional medicine is to reinforce fertility. This study was designed to investigate the effect of cinnamon extract on sperm parameters in hyperlipidemia conditions.

In order to conduct research, 36 male rats were allocated into six groups: control, model, vehicle, lovastatin, cinnamon with low dose (130 mg) and high dose (260 mg). Animals of all groups, except the control group, received high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Then the treated groups (groups 3 to 6) received their treatment intra-peritoneally for 6 weeks along with normal diet. At the end of the study, lipid profile and sperm parameters were evaluated.

Cinnamon extract with a low dose was effective in reducing serum cholesterol and triglyceride, and high dose of cinnamon was effective in reducing serum LDL. Using a high-fat diet had no effect on the number, motility and morphology of sperm, and pre-treatment with both doses of cinnamon extract had a decreasing effect on sperm count and had no effect on sperm motility and morphology.

It seems that cinnamon as a pre-treatment has beneficial and reducing effects on serum lipid profile. But in this study, cinnamon had no improving effects on sperm parameters in hyperlipidemic conditions. The difference between the obtained results and the results of previous studies needs further investigation.

Safflower as a chromogen plant can be used in food industry instead of synthetic colorful compound and saffron as well. This plant has some useful properties such as anti-inflammation. But there are no published researches about useful and harmful effects of this plant on renal function. Therefore this study was done to determine this point.

40 wistar male rats were selected and divided into 4 groups (control and 3 experimental groups). The experimental groups 1,2 and 3 received 100, 200 and 300mg/kg/B.W of the extract respectively as subcutaneously for 28days . Blood sample was obtained at days 14 and 28 .After separating serum uric acid, creatinine and BUN were measured by colorimetrically methods. Potassium and sodium were assayed by photometrically methods.

There were no significant statistical differences between the mean concentration of creatinine and uric acid in experimental groups and control group in two terms of study. But there were significant statistically differences between the mean concentration of urea nitrogen of some experimental groups in comparison to control group and also between the mean levels of sodium and potassium in all three experimental groups in comparison to control group in days 14 and 28.

Due to the serum creatinine and uric acid concentration don’t changes statistically we can resulted the different doses of Safflower  hydroalcoholic extract have no effect on renal function in short, or long term, so can be used this plant, without any concern with it's renal complications in long term.

MiRNAs play an important role in various pathophysiological processes in cells and controlling the process of apoptosis in sperm. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the expression of miR34c and miR15b, the quality of sperm parameters and the rate of sperm DNA breakage in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia infertile individuals.

This study was conducted on 25 patients with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia who had referred to Jihad University Infertility Treatment Center in Qom. 25 fertile people have been selected as the control group. After collecting sperm samples, sperm parameters were analyzed according to the World Health Organization (WHO 2010). The amount of sperm DNA breakage was checked using the SCD technique. The expression levels of miR34c and miR15b were measured using the Rael-time PCR technique.

According to the obtained results, sperm parameters such as concentration, motility and morphology of sperm in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermia individuals show a significant decrease compared to fertile individuals (P<0.05) and the rate of sperm DNA breakage in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia individuals increases. It was significant (P<0.05). Correlation test revealed that there is a significant correlation between sperm variables including concentration, motility, normal morphology, sperm DNA breakage rate and the expression level of miR34c and miR15b.

Our findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the expression of miR34c, miR15b, sperm parameters and sperm DNA health. In fact, these results can provide new insights for the diagnosis of male infertility at the molecular level.

Plasma-derived Medicinal Products (PDMPs) are categorized as the biological treatments and used to treat rare, chronic, severe and life-threatening conditions, such as primary immunodeficiency syndrome, bleeding disorders (hemophilia A and B), hemolytic diseases, severe infections, burns and liver diseases, as well as other diseases that caused by absence or lack of proper functioning of certain proteins, and lastly result in recessive patient’s quality of life.The first step in the production of PDMPs, is to collect plasma from eligible and healthy donors. This initial stage is complex and is closely monitored by global authorities with high accuracy and sensitivity to ensure the quality and safety of the finished products, as well as the donor's health.The availability and accessibility of manufactured PDMPs strongly depends on the availability of human plasma as its raw material, meaning that sufficient volume of plasma for fractionation is crucial. Therefore, Adopting a suitable national health policy regarding plasma donation, establishing collection centers, and raising public awareness of the importance of plasma donation will improve nation’s culture for adequate supply of PDMPs. in this paper, we decided to provide a brief and complete oversight of the Iranian plasma industry and highlight the significance of covering the market with toll- manufactured products with Iranian plasma.