نشریه سلامت معنوی
پیاپی 1 (تابستان 1401)

Given the different definitions of spiritual health in different cultures and the little agreement among experts on the definition of this concept, it is necessary to identify the components of spiritual health according to the Islamic-Iranian approach. This study aimed to identify the components of spiritual health based on the Islamic-Iranian approach according to research conducted in Iran.

This research was a basic study based on the purpose and meta-synthesis in data collection, which was performed based on the seven-step Sandlovsky and Barroso meta-synthesis method. The statistical population of the study included the collection of research published in the scientific communities of Iran, ie articles and dissertations during the 15 last years (from 2006 to 2020), which were selected based on the purposive sampling method on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research tool included a check form. Data were collected in Iranian databases such as elmnet, Magiran, Irandac, SID, and other information sources. The analysis process was based on open coding, axial coding, and creating categories in maxquda software. In order to measure the reliability of the coding, the kappa index was used, which was equal to 0.74. The validity of the data was also confirmed by internal validity or expert opinion.

Findings showed that the concept of spiritual health is a comprehensive multidimensional structure that has cognitive, emotional-emotive, and consequential components in behavior and action.

As a result, it can be said that relying on the structure of spiritual health as a multidimensional factor can pave the way for making effective interventions in dealing with various mental disorders and social harms.

All phenomena of the universe -from a phenomenological viewpoint-, and regardless of one-dimensional view, in essence have much blessings. Corona pandemic is the phenomenon of our era which affected the economy, culture, theology, health, and death of human beings and it surprised us. Taking a deep look at the theological realm related to spirituality, we find that its most important consequence is also happening, which can be called "spiritual birth". The realization of this process requires the study of various conditions and fields. It's important because the phenomenon of COVID-19 has revolutionized the spiritual realm. Spirituality is also the foundation of humankind. Therefore, its research and analysis have a special necessity. The research leads to the main question, "How does the corona pandemic determine spiritual birth?" It occurs using a qualitative research method and has a fundamental-applied approach. The results of the study showed that the corona pandemic raises the level of mortality, the strength of interpersonal communication, and the spiritual experience of perfection based on it.

Spiritual health is one of the most important aspects of health that has been considered by the world scientific community in recent years and in addition to the need to discover its meaning in religious teachings, the components that affect it also need to be investigated. Considering the effective relationship between spirituality and human beliefs on other dimensions of health (including physical, mental, and social), the quantity and quality of human relationship with God Almighty is effective in promoting his spiritual health. The purpose of this study is to investigate the belief in inherent poverty on the quality of spirituality and its consequences on spiritual health.

This research examines the process of the effect of belief in human inherent poverty in increasing the degree of spirituality and its role in promoting spiritual health with a Quranic and Hadith approach and in a descriptive-analytical method.

One of the plagues of spirituality is the contamination of man with sin and transgression. In the radical analysis of sin, it should be said that sin is a voluntary behavior that man achieves due to neglect of his identity in relation to God. Because human behavior is a function of his inner beliefs, tendencies, and feelings towards the audience of behavior and not just his insight and awareness of the benefits or harms of that action. From the point of view of Quranic teachings and Hadith, man's identity is based on his inherent poverty and his constant need for God. Consequently, he promotes and improves spirituality and beliefs which itself has a direct role in promoting her spiritual health.

Belief in human inherent poverty will also have positive consequences in promoting spiritual health (including providing health, repelling diseases, and maintaining human survival and health). These consequences can be classified into three areas of insight, orientation, and action. In the vision dimension, believing in the absolute ownership of God and believing in the trustworthiness of divine blessings, in the tendency dimension, creating a sense of peace and creating a sense of dignity, and in the action and behavioral dimension, achieving the status of forsaking sin and being a state of gratitude and illness are as consequences that each of them, in turn, and based on numerous research backgrounds in this field, have a direct effect on promoting spiritual health.

Recently, many researches have attempted to relationship neuroscience to genetics and epigenetics. In the last few decades, the study of behavioral genetics has been of interest to scientists. On the other hand, many developments have been made in the field of genetics, and in subjects such as behavioral genetics, neuroscience genetics, and psychiatric genetics, that have been remarkable. Health is an issue that has received a lot of research today. Spiritual health is one of the most vital components of health. Attention to the spiritual dimension can have a great effect on achieving general health, so that spirituality is one of the aspects of human beings in holistic care, which plays an important role in well-being and health. Researches has shown that spirituality not only affects people's moods and mental health, but also improves their physical condition. Recently, many studies have been published on the role of heredity and genetics in spirituality and religious tendencies. Given that genetics in the field of human behavior has grown a lot and religious tendencies and spirituality as one of the dimensions of human behavior can have a genetic origin. The events such as emotional personality, sudden irritability, excitability, excitement, extremism in speech and action, adventurism, disorder, and the feeling of being free from all restraints have a genetic origin. The purpose of this study is to review the investigations that shows the relationship between genetics and spiritual health. Therefore, these genes and their biochemical pathways have a significant effect on spiritual health.

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a scale model to measure some of the most intrinsic soul health constructs in accordance with the definitions provided in Quran as well as Hadith and books on morality.

For the methodology of this research, testing and assessment were employed. On this basis, 40 questions were developed to cover 10 constructs. Face and content validity was established by means of surveying 11 experts to rate each question. Then, 412 participants were asked to complete the scale. Data were analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis methods as well as measuring Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Pearson Correlations Coefficient.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed the appropriateness of all determined factors in the questionnaire except 2 questions whose factor coefficient was not meaningful and were removed from the model. In addition, the validity of the scale correlation was analyzed by concurrently measuring it with imagination of God (0/67) and Spiritual Attitudes scale (0/87). Internal reliability of the scale was measured via Cronbach's alpha coefficient which was obtained ranging from 0/45 to 0/80 for all questions as well as each individual construct of trust, repentance, prayers, self-improvement, thanksgiving, patience, submission, worship, reflection, and virtue. Test-retest reliability was found to be 0/84 after an interval of five weeks.

Based on the findings, it is concluded that the scale of soul health constructs may be considered a reliable and valid scale for the Iranian population.

Given the importance of depression and anxiety in the medical education system, spiritual health can play an effective role. Various studies indicate that people with spiritual health with a high spiritual spirit, have a greater ability to face problems and have acquired this ability by acquiring spirituality from the Qur'an.

This review study was collected using articles published in Google Scholar, SID, Civilica, and Magiran databases using the keywords of Quran, religious teachings, spiritual health, and medical education.

According to studies, the Qur'an and religious teachings affect the spiritual health of people in the medical education system and help them to find the meaning and purpose of life to be able to adapt to difficult mental and physical conditions. Studies have also shown that providing spiritual health requires three physical, social and psychological dimensions and to achieve this goal requires planning in the medical education and health system.

The Qur'an and religious teachings are the best means of achieving spiritual health, and spiritual beliefs enable people to cope with stress. Planning in the medical education system is necessary for greater spiritual health efficiency in health, and it is necessary to establish a spiritual education program for people who work in the provision of health services.

Islamic spirituality in the field of insight-attitude and ontological perspective is based on belief in the unseen world. It is based on the "principle of nature" with higher tendencies and an existential relationship with God in the discipline of inclination-temperamental and anthropological perspectives. Islamic spirituality in the specialization of action-method and theological perspective relies on the Shari'a of Muhammad (PBUH), which is a scholastic-professional spirituality. Spiritual health, in comparison with Islamic spirituality, includes three areas: Insight: health from Doubt and polytheism in the belief; Trend: health from the lust for fame, power, and wealth in the moral and values systems; and action: health from error actions in the practical and behavioral systems. The life of martyr Soleimani is the manifestation of spiritual health with areas (transverse) and levels (longitudinal) that have transformed the commander-in-chief into a model and symbol. The path of his enlightened life is the goal of all those who are thirsty for spirituality, spiritual health, and enthusiasts. Due to the pure Islamic spirituality, the commander-in-chief enjoyed a healthy soul, heart, body, and social health in various fields. Thus, he is a pattern of spiritual health for all guilds and social classes and an example of a systematic spiritually healthy human. The results of this article, which was written in a descriptive-analytical method, demonstrated three areas of insight, trend, and action health by mentioning examples of commander-in-chief Soleimani's life.