مجله علوم حرکتی و رفتاری
سال پنجم شماره 2 (پیاپی 17، تابستان 1401)

The aim of the current research was to compare minigolf shots in beginner and expert players and analyze its kinematics. The present research was applied and semi-experimental and the research design was of causal-comparative research. The statistical population of this research was all the beginner and expert mini-golf players in Mashhad city. According to the limitations in the field of data processing,This is the moment when the putter is at its farthest point in the x direction. This process was done using Matlab software. Then the shoulder, elbow, hip and knee angle variables were calculated as an average and at the moment of impact. Also, the variables of putter speed, displacement and duration of swing of the putter from the moment of preparation to the time of impact were calculated. data collection, the obtained data were analyzed by independent t-test and Excel, Spss software. The results of the present research showed that there was a significant difference between the knee angle and the maximum linear speed of the putter in both beginner and expert groups (p≥0.05) and there was no significant difference in other variables between the two groups (p≤0.05). . Therefore, there was a difference between skilled and beginner players only in limited variables, but when referring to the average value, a significant difference was observed. It seems that the shape of the pattern should be close to that of skilled players in order to achieve a suitable pattern for beginner players and to train and train skilled players.

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences and teaching methods of physical education teachers during the Corona epidemic. The method of this qualitative study was content analysis.

For this purpose, the data was collected using semi-structured interviews until theoretical saturation of the data with 10 physical education teachers in Yazd province who were purposefully selected. All interviews were implemented in the form of text and analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method.

The findings of the research were placed in 4 parts of the pathology of not paying attention to physical education lessons, problems and limitations of teaching, strategies used for teaching and suggestions for improving the situation.

The results showed that due to the fact that physical education lessons are more practical, virtual and remote teaching is associated with many and varied problems in all dimensions and does not have the quality and efficiency of face-to-face education. Therefore, it is necessary for teachers to improve the quality of holding physical education classes with the solutions and guidelines that have been discussed in detail in this research.

The aim of the present study was to The Effectiveness of functional learning Program on Fine and Gross Motor Performance of Children with Developmental Delay.

The research method was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with follow-up and control group. For this purpose, 30 children were selected by purposeful sampling from 4-6 year-old children with developmental delay in Tabriz who were educated in kindergartens and preschools. They were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups and participated in the study. The Developmental screening test (Denver-II) was administered on children for screening. Afterwards, a 16-session functional learning Program was performed on the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS- 22.

The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the subjects in the experimental group and control group in terms of Fine and Gross performance in post-test and follow up stages (P <0.05).

As a result, it can be concluded that a functional learning Program has led to an increase in Fine and Gross Motor performance in children with developmental delays.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of eight weeks of ‎Spark program on physical self-concept and basic skills of overweight elementary school girls. The ‎statistical population of the study consisted of all overweight girls of Chadegan primary schools. ‎Among these, a sample of 30 people was selected using the available sampling method and ‎randomly divided into two control and experimental groups. The tools used in this research were ‎Marsh et al.'s short-form physical self-description scale (1998) and Ulrich's gross motor skills ‎development test - second edition (2000). For the intervention, the experimental group did the ‎SPARK exercise program (three 45-minute sessions per week) for 8 weeks, while the control group ‎only had regular school physical activity programs and did not do any regular physical activity. ‎Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were used to analyze the data, and covariance ‎analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that in the SPARK training group, skill ‎and fundamental abilities, physical self-concept and self-esteem increased significantly. Based on ‎the findings of the present research, it can be concluded that the SPARK program has the ability to ‎develop better and more positive attitude, appearance and general physical abilities in overweight ‎primary school girls.‎

In line with the view of dynamic systems; the learning process is not a ‎continuous linear progression of behavior but a sudden and discontinuous change over time. Thus, ‎the purpose of current study was to examine comparison of nonlinear and linear pedagogy on static ‎and dynamic balance in female student 7 to 9 years.

In semi-experimental study ‎with pre-post test phases, among 7 to 9 year old female students in Tehran, 30 female students were ‎selected by available methods and located non-linear and linear pedagogy groups. In the pre-test ‎phase, the static and dynamic balance of the participants was measured according to the MABC-2 ‎test instructions. After the pre-test phase, the groups performed the exercise in eight weeks and 3 ‎sessions per week.‎‏ ‏Immediately after the last training session, the static and dynamic balance of the ‎participants was measured again in the post-test phase. Data analyzed with paired t test and ‎covariate.

The results indicated that both nolinear pedagogy and both linear pedagogy had ‎significant effect on static and dynamic balance of girls 7 to 9 years. Other results indicated that ‎there was significant difference between nonlinear and linear pedagogy in static and dynamic ‎balance and participants in nonlinear groups had better static and dynamic balance.

In ‎general, the results of the current study emphasize the importance of nonlinear education in schools ‎in improving the static and dynamic balance of female students and the results are a confirmation ‎of the constraint-led approach. ‎

The purpose of the current study was to examine the effect of high intensity functional training on ‎anaerobic power and fatigue of overweight women. In this semi-experimental study, with a pre-test-‎post-test design, among overweight women in Isfahan, 30 overweight women who worked in Arsen ‎Club were selected by random access and randomly divided into two groups of exercises: high ‎intensity functional training and control. In the pre-test phase, measurements of height, weight and ‎anaerobic power were performed at 8 to 10 o’clock in the morning in the club gym. Then, the ‎intervention phase began. The intervention phase was performed in eight weeks and three sessions ‎per week in the club gym, where the training groups performed the desired exercise. During this ‎time, the control group resumed their daily activities. Finally, 48 hours after the end of the training ‎phase, in the post-test phase, the desired measurements were performed again. Data were analyzed ‎by covariance test. The results showed that high intensity functional training in increasing anaerobic ‎power (peak, mean and minimum anaerobic power), and decrease in fatigue index have a ‎significant effect (p≤0.05) and the results show a significant improvement of these indicators due to ‎HIFT exercises (p≤0.05). In general, the results of the present study emphasize the importance of ‎HIFT training on anaerobic power and fatigue of overweight women. According to the results of the ‎present study, it is suggested that trainers use high intensity functional training to improve anaerobic ‎power and fatigue of overweight women.‎

Due to the negative psychological effects of children with autism in parents, the present study was conducted to predict the symptoms of parental anxiety in children with autism based on spirituality, metacognitive beliefs and emotion regulation. The present study was a descriptive study and correlational design. Among the statistical population of the study, including all parents (mother and father) with children with autism in Shiraz, referring to welfare centers and having files in parenting education, a sample of 290 people was selected by sampling method and considering the criteria for entering and leaving the research. Were. The research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, graphs, etc.) and inferential (simultaneous correlation and regression) to examine the relationships between the research variables by the statistical software SPSS-22. The results showed that there was a significant ability between spirituality, metacognitive beliefs and emotion regulation to predict parental anxiety. The correlation results also showed a significant relationship between anxiety variable and dependent variables. According to the results of the present study, it is recommended to use the variables of spirituality, metacognitive beliefs and emotion regulation in designing educational and treatment programs for parents of children with autism.