مجله علوم حرکتی و رفتاری
سال پنجم شماره 4 (پیاپی 19، زمستان 1401)

The present study explains the effects of Covid 19 on the participation of women athletes in clubs in the 5th and 16th areas of Tehran in 1399 and is a qualitative study that has been researched using grounded theory. For this research, semi-structured interviews have been conducted. The interviews have been conducted in face to face or by telephone. In some cases, the interviews have been conducted by sending audio files through cyberspace or video confrencing on social networks. With about 30 women participating in clubs in areas 5 and 16 of Tehran between the ages of 18 to 60 years and tried maximum diversity has been observed in the selection of interviewees so that the collected data do not saturate too quickly and the results have more quality. Wherever necessary, additional interviews were conducted and more data were available. The interviews were written down and analyzed. For thematic analysis, MAXQAD software was used and the following topics were identified:1 - Health is fundamental 2 - Club participation 3 - Fear and Stress 4 – Physical activity
 The results indicate that although sports participation in clubs in the 5th and 16th areas of Tehran has decreased significantly due to the closure due to the emergency situation of the Covid 19 epidemic or due to fear of infection or other cases, but the physical activity of women who In previous sports clubs, the prevalence of this disease has not decreased, but in some cases it has increased, but the type of sports activity due to lack of access to the necessary equipment or space and in some cases the presence of a coach has changed and the location of this activity according to conditions available in places such as homes or open spaces of clubs or in public parks.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of deductive and inductive training on acquisition and retention of dart throwing at 7 to 10 years’ children. 24 female student aged between 7 to 10 of Tehran city selected purposefully and divided in inductive education (IE) and deductive education (DE) training groups. Initially, a dart throwing training session was arranged for the participants. All subjects performed one block of 10 trial dart throwing in pre-test then IE and DE according to its own training protocol performed 2 block of 10 trial for 12 sessions. After completion of 12 sessions, a post-test (acquisition test) was performed. 48 After the acquisition test, the retention test was performed. The results showed that the deductive group had better performance in the acquisition and retention rather than inductive group. Therefore, it is suggested that coaches and teachers use deductive learning as a substitute for appropriate training rather than learning in the usual manner and explicit.

The overall purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of a Pilates training session and an incremental Tabata interval on the physical self-concept and job stress of female employees of the Oil Engineering and Development Company. The sample of this study consisted of 63 people who were available accessible to female engineers of Oil Engineering and Development Company (50-30 years). The tool used for gathering information about physical self-concept variable was Marsh & … Physical Self-concept Questionnaire with 56 questions and 10 subscales. The HSE Job Stress Questionnaire consisted of 35 questions and 7 subscales. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test for normal data and ANOVA was used for data analysis. All statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS software (version 19).

The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between the effect of Pilates and intra-Tabata exercises on physical self-concept of employees and the physical self-concept of Tabata group is higher than Pilates group and control group but there is a difference between the effect of Pilates and Interval training There is no, but Pilates and Tabata Interval training is higher than the control group. On the other hand, the results showed that the mean score of physical self-concept and job stress in both groups were significantly better than the mean of their pre-test and control group.

According to the results of the study, Pilates and Tabata interval training had a positive effect on increasing self-concept and decreasing job stress of female engineers of Oil Engineering and Development Company. This result indicates that people with high physical abilities and athletic ability will increase their self-esteem and positive attitude towards body competencies, as well as with better functioning, they will experience less stress and anxiety and stress. Therefore, it is recommended to plan and allocate special credits for physical activity and Pilates and Tbata  Plans and to perform them regularly in office hours so that individuals enjoy physical and mental health in life, improve physical self-concept and reduce job stress and reduce job stress. Work efficiency and cost savings are offset.

The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of brand loyalty, brand awareness, perceived quality on the behavior of customers of Nike sports products in Boroujerd. The statistical population of this study was the consumers of Nike sports products in Boroujerd. As the number of Nike brand consumers in Boroujerd is unknown, the size of the community was considered unlimited. Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size. Therefore, using the available sampling method, the researchers distributed 200 questionnaires among consumers of Nike sports products, of which 180 healthy questionnaires were returned. The method of sample selection was that people were first asked if they knew the Nike brand. If yes, they were asked if they used Nike products and if so, they were asked to complete a questionnaire. Questionnaire in this study is the main tool for collecting the required information. To evaluate brand loyalty, perceived quality, brand association, brand advertisement, the standard questionnaire of brand equity model of Acker model 1996 was used. This questionnaire has 32 questions and 5 items (brand loyalty, perceived quality, brand association, brand advertising, willingness to accept widely). In this study, structural equation modeling was used to test the model hypotheses and appropriateness. The results of the regression coefficient of brand loyalty, brand awareness, perceived quality on the behavior of customers of sports products confirm a positive and significant effect.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of games based on fundamental motor skills on motor perception skills of 10-year-old boys. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design. A number of 40 elementary school boys were selected through available sampling and were randomly placed in two experimental groups of games based on fundamental motor skills and control. The tools used in this research were the Bruininks-Oseretsky motor proficiency test, version 2, to check perceptual-motor skills. At first, the participants performed the Bruininks-Oseretskyskills pre-test, 2nd edition. The group of games based on fundamental motor skills practiced with locomotors and object control skills for 8 weeks, 2 times a week and 30 minutes per session. At the end of the training sessions, the post-test of Bruininks-Oseretsky skills, version 2, was administered. The results showed that the group of games based on fundamental motor skills had a significant effect on the development of perceptual motor skills, and made a significant improvement in both gross and fine skill areas. Therefore, based on the findings of this research, considering the high importance of basic motor skills in the multiple development of children, games based on fundamental motor skills can be used to improve motor development.

The present study was conducted with the aim of teaching the effectiveness of empathy components on social skills and adaptation of preschool children in Sanandaj city. The research is applied in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in nature with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The target population is preschool children of Sanandaj city, using available sampling method, 10 people were in the control group and 10 people were in the experimental group. Data collection tools from Elliott and Gresham (1990) Social Skills Questionnaire, University of California Social Adaptation Questionnaire (1987) and Empathy Skills Training Package (Vaziri, Lotfi Kashani 2019) which Empathy Skills Training Package has five processes of knowledge acquisition, application, evaluation, analysis And the combination. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (data normality test, regression homogeneity slope, Levine's test, covariance analysis test, ANCOVA test) were used for data analysis. The results of this research showed that teaching the components of empathy has an effect on children's social adaptation and its components (social templates, social skills, antisocial interests, school relations and social relations) and teaching the components of empathy has an effect on children's social skills and its components (social skills). and behavioral problems) has an effect.

The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of the blended learning approach and traditional face-to-face teaching on math progress and improving the attitude of primary teachers in Quds city.

The current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design, with two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the primary teachers of Quds city. The statistical sample includes 66 volunteer elementary teachers who were selected by purposive sampling. A mathematics achievement test developed by the researcher and the Dutton attitude scale were used. The participants in blended learning also completed a questionnaire developed by the researcher about their understanding of blended learning. Descriptive statistics using the analysis of variance method with repeated measures were used as data analysis (p<0.005).

The results showed that the effect of combined learning method and traditional face-to-face teaching on math progress and improvement of primary teachers' attitudes was significant (p<0.001). The average scores of math progress variables and teachers' attitudes in the combined learning method group (p<0.001) and the traditional learning method group (p<0.001) were significantly higher than the control group; However, a significant difference was observed between the test groups (p<0.001). Participants enrolled in the blended learning format had better attitudes at posttest than teachers in traditional face-to-face instruction, but no differences were found for math achievement.

Participants in blended learning conditions value the flexibility of the course structure and control over the educational pace, but they state that time management and reducing the physical presence of the instructor are challenges. These findings suggest important elements to consider when designing blended learning courses.