نشریه دانش انتظامی خراسان شمالی
پیاپی 37 (بهار 1402)

The security of the suburbs of cities is one of the most important issues in today's cities, which has always been the focus of urban planners. This article is done with the aim of assessing the security in the suburbs of Bojnord. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and working method. The data have been prepared and measured by survey method. The statistical sample of the research includes 384 residents of 25 marginal neighborhoods of Bojnoord. The findings and results of the research showed that the final coefficient of strengths is 3.10, weaknesses is 3.15, the final coefficient of opportunities is 3.00 and threats is 3.20. Therefore, the final coefficient of threats has the highest coefficient and therefore the most importance among other factors, and the opportunities with the lowest final coefficient and as a result the least effective have the least importance among other factors.The total score of the final weight of internal factors is equal to 6.25 and the total score of the final weight of external factors is equal to 6.20 in the evaluation matrix. The results indicate that the graph tends towards weaknesses and threats and indicates that the development of marginal areas The settlement and its effect on the security of Bojnord city should be prioritized and measures should be taken to reduce the weaknesses and threats of the neighborhoods and turn them into strengths and opportunities.

Territorial jurisdiction is the state's criminal jurisdiction over crimes committed in its territory, in other words, it means that the crime committed in the territory of a country is subject to the laws of that country. The principle of territorial jurisdiction has two aspects, a positive aspect and a negative aspect, the positive aspect is that basically all persons who commit crimes within the territory of Iran's sovereignty can be tried according to the laws of Iran except in exceptional cases and the negative aspect is that basically People who commit crimes outside the jurisdiction of Iran cannot be tried in Iran except in exceptional cases. According to the nature of the subject, the present research has been conducted in terms of practical purpose and in terms of gathering information by documentary method and through the study of valid laws and sources, and the obtained information has been analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner. It should be noted that exceptions to the principle of territorial competence, including political and parliamentary immunity, which in our country are limited to the performance of representative duties, have also been discussed.

In recent years, the use of the Internet has increased dramatically and has taken a significant part of people's lives, especially teenagers, and we live in an era where we see the increasing use of social networks by family members, especially teenagers. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between family cohesion and flexibility and adolescent Internet addiction: the mediating role of self-differentiation and time perspective. The type of research is correlation. The statistical population of the field research was 20,100 high school students of Bojnord city, 320 people were selected based on the table of Karjes and Morgan and standard questionnaires were distributed among them. In order to analyze and test research hypotheses, correlation method with SPSS software version 20 and structural model method with PSL software version 3 have been used. The results of the research hypothesis test showed that there is a significant relationship between family cohesion and flexibility with adolescent Internet addiction: the mediating role of self-differentiation and time perspective (confirmation of the main hypothesis).

Work alienation, which is a form of non-commitment to the job and the organization, has destructive effects on the performance of organizations, therefore, in various researches, factors such as the perception of organizational injustice and employee’s cynicism that affect this variable are addressed.The research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of type of research and implementation method .The statistical population of the research was formed by all the employees of Bojnord University and using Cochran's formula, 180 people were selected as a sample through simple random sampling. In order to collect data, a questionnaire was used on perception of organizational injustice by Dejani and Mohammad (2017), work alienation by Punia and Barwal (2017), and employee’s Cynicism by Chaudari and Gharib (2019). The validity method and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to test the research model and analyze the data, Imus72 software was used and it was done by structural equation method. The results of the research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between the perception of organizational injustice and employee’s Cynicism. There is a positive and significant relationship between the perception of organizational injustice and work alienation. There is a positive and significant relationship between employee’s Cynicism and work alienation. And employee’s cynicism mediates the relationship between perceptions of organizational injustice and work alienation.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the causes and factors of family disputes and analyzing the reasons for the increase in divorce. Considering that the main goal of the research is to develop a theory about the phenomenon of divorce based on qualitative data obtained from social actors, the qualitative method of grounded theory was used to analyze the data and interview techniques were used to collect information, and the research questions were answered by direct data extraction without any presuppositions. The statistical population of this research will include all the couples who applied for divorce in Bojnord city in 2022, after reviewing their cases in the Family Dispute Resolution Council and referring them to the family court, their divorce decree was issued. Then, from among the statistical population of this research, 30 men and women were selected from the statistical population by theorecticl sampling and were subjected to semi-structured interviews. Three types of open coding, central coding and selective coding were used to analyze the data collected from the interview. The occurrence of family disputes as the core of the paradigm model refers to five main categories as the causal conditions that indicate the causes and factors of the occurrence of family disputes. It means that these five categories are: different cultural characteristics, cultural incompatibility of couples, involvement of those around them, unbalanced cohesion and educational difference, which the vast majority of respondents agreed on these five principles for the occurrence of family disputes.

AbstractDependence on drugs or addiction is a mental disorder and the high degree of coexistence of this phenomenon with some personality traits is emphasized in its etiology. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of patients undergoing maintenance treatment with methadone and people dependent on other drugs in Bojnord city in 1401. In this descriptive-analytical study, 142 drug-dependent men and 146 men undergoing methadone maintenance treatment referred to methadone treatment centers in Bojnord city were compared. The research tool was the 71-MMPI questionnaire. The data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t and SPSS 16 software. The influencing variables were the same in the two groups (age, education, marital status, duration and type of drug use). A significant difference was observed in the overall average of the psychological profile of the drug-dependent group (56.11±03.6) and the methadone-dependent group (42.16±16.82) (P<0.0001). In all the scales, the group dependent on other drugs was evaluated in a sick or borderline condition. The results of the standard MMPI questionnaire showed that among drug addicts, the level of agitation in all clinical scales was higher than the patients in the methadone maintenance group. According to the findings of the research, if the scores obtained from MMPI in people referring to medical centers are high in D (depression scale),