مجله علوم سیاسی
پیاپی 64 (پاییز 1402)

In Suhrewardi's time, the crisis of legitimacy and the central power vacuum led him to pay special attention to the role and prestige of Iranian shahryars in realizing the identity and position of the monarchy. This position embodies the link between religion and shahryari. Suhrewardi talks about three ideal shahryars of ancient Iran in his works and considers them as examples of wise rulers who can serve as a suitable model for other rulers. The task of this research is to answer the question of what special characteristics Iranian shahryars had that made them a desirable model for other rulers in Suhrewardi's political thought. Therefore, this research seeks to answer this question by examining the role and prestige of shahryars in Suhrewardi's thought on ancient Iran and his narrative about them. The research hypothesis can be formulated as follows: the divine legitimacy and ta'alluh (attachment to God) of these shahryars were the main pillars and distinguishing features of the desired model of wise rulers according to Suhrewardi, which attracted his attention. This divine legitimacy and ta'alluh manifested itself as a divine emanation.

 With the withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan, the Taliban regained power. Withdrawal of American forces and at the same time headMeeting the Taliban could not be done without coordination and negotiation with America and the countries of the region, however, what happenedThe fall of the new Taliban government is with a radical interpretation of Islam. The West and especially America, although in coming to powerThe Taliban played a role, but they have not recognized this government until now. Failure to recognize the Taliban as a governmentbased in Afghanistan will have consequences for the region and Afghanistan. As a result of this research with the aim of examining the resultsOther countries have not recognized the Taliban government in Afghanistan. The results of the findingsThe research shows that not recognizing the Taliban will cause four major crises for Afghanistan, which include stagnationeconomic, human rights crisis, reduction of political relations and disrespect of the government at the national and transnational level. so it canHe said that the countries of the region and the West are at a crossroads against the Taliban. On the other hand, it is possible to identify the Talibancause the spread of terrorism and violence in the region, on the other hand, not identifying the Taliban can lead to a crisis oreven a human disaster in Afghanistan.

International sanctions are one of the main tools in the foreign policy of governments to influence and change the behavior of other countries. Iran, as one of the countries that has been pressured by extensive international sanctions, is looking for new methods in an effort to circumvent these sanctions. This article aims to investigate the role of Afghanistan's political-economic relations in circumventing international sanctions against Iran. The main question of the article is: Can Afghanistan's economic and political relations serve as an alternative path for Iran to bypass sanctions? In response to the question of the article, this hypothesis is proposed that the development of political-economic relations with Afghanistan can help Iran in reducing its dependence on international markets and obtaining new economic resources. The research method used in this article is descriptive-analytical using articles and interviews with experts. The findings showed that Iran's foreign policy should pay more attention to Afghanistan's issues and reduce the intensity of security in this country. Iran can also be used as a bridge for Afghanistan's exports and imports due to Afghanistan's lack of access to the Arabian Sea and as a transit corridor for global trade.

The main goal of criminal psychology is to investigate the effective factors in the delinquency of criminals in various crimes. In relation to why a series of acts should be criminalized under the title of political crimes and receive a different executive guarantee response, reasons have been mentioned by jurists, firstly, that these crimes lack the necessary elements of ordinary crimes such as malice and violence. Second, the subject and purpose of political crimes is to change a certain political situation with illegal means, and thirdly, since the purpose of the perpetrator is the government and political institutions, there is no violation of private rights. In the constitutional law, as the first codified text in the direction of establishing democracy and legislation, and in fact, the basis of the new political and legal system of Iran, it has also made it a political crime in its seventy-ninth amendment article. According to this article, in the cases of political and press offenses, the panel of judges will be present in the courts. Of course, from that time until now, the definition and examples of political crimes in Iran's legal system have been undecided. In the current laws of Iran, due to the lack of a specific and appropriate law in this field, in 2015, a law titled the Political Crime Law was approved by the legislature, based on the existing provisions, the judicial system can be based on the specific law of political crime.

This article is prepared and organized based on the security conditions of the Persian Gulf and providing solutions for stability and security in this sensitive international region. Stable security in this geo-strategic, geo-cultural and geo-political region of the world is of great importance due to the route of energy passage and estimation of more than 90% of fossil energies (in 2030). The geography of the Persian Gulf, which is separated from the Sea of Oman by the Strait of Hormuz, consists of the following countries: Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Oman and Qatar, which are important and vital for the world in terms of economy and fossil energy production. Is. Britain's withdrawal from this region and its replacement by the United States in 1970 has caused many ups and downs in this region of the Middle East. This year, the United States used the two countries of Iran and Saudi Arabia as two pillars of regional security to reduce the tension between the two countries and a barrier against communism in a plan called the Nixon-Kessinger doctrine (two-pillar security).

Iran's Islamic revolution centered on religion in the 20th century took place with a different form and content than other world revolutions, and various indicators of soft power were created with the occurrence of the Islamic revolution. Martyr Hassan Tehrani Moghadam was one of the influencers of soft power of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the region. He was one of the founders of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and the military and command systems, a scholar, a mystic, and a great mujahideen. In the current research, an attempt has been made to answer this question, what are the components of the soft power of Shahid Hassan Tehrani Moghadam by emphasizing the statements of Imam Khamenei? Researchers have conceptualized the data obtained from the statements of Imam Khamenei by using the method of thematic analysis. Based on those concepts, the primary themes (divine intention, connection with the Quran and prayer, firm determination, strong will, being sharp, knowing the right path, heavy revolutionary work, seriousness in responsibilities, being powerful, moving wisely and prioritization of tasks) and organizing themes (good faith in God, belief in God's help, guardianship, adherence, cleverness, awareness, openness, diligence, jihadi effort, frost and double effort) were obtained. Finally, by combining and integrating the inclusive themes, the five dimensions of trust in God, responsibility, insight, tirelessness and quickness combined with tact were extracted with emphasis on the statements of Imam Khamenei.