نشریه پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی
پیاپی 31 (تابستان 1402)

Today, spin-offs are considered as a major commercial and economic value in the mission of the new generation of most universities in developed countries. But these companies have not been able to fulfill greatly their main mission in Iranian universities, especially in the field of sport. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying strategies and consequences of establishing university spin-offs in the field of sport in the country. The present study was conducted using a qualitative method with an exploration-fundamental nature. The research data were collected through subjective sampling and based on deep semi-structured interviews with experts in this field (university professors, knowledge-based companies' managers, startups, university Spin-Offs, science and technology parks, growth centers, elites in the field of sport entrepreneurship). The number of participants in this study reached 22 using the theoretical saturation index and the findings were analyzed in open, axial and selective coding. Findings indicate that categories such as human, environmental, legal infrastructure, environmental links, sport mother Spin-Offs, educational developments, consulting teams, financial resources, technical resources, central idea, creativity et e were among the strategies for of this study that can help to country economic self-sufficiency, employment creation, new sport businesses, extend university spin-offs in the field of Sport, comprehensive growth of sport, commercialization of sport findings and entrepreneurship of sport science colleges in Iran.

The purpose of this study was to design a model of effective factors in creating active and happy schools. The research method was descriptive-survey and applied. The statistical population included physical educator and physical educator experts of Guilan Education offices (892 people). A sufficient number of statistical samples were selected for modeling (302 people) in a random-stratified manner. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated and confirmed by 30 experts, reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α= 0.94) and validation (exploratory and confirmatory) of the instrument. The structural equation modeling method (PLS3) was used to analyze the findings. The results showed that physical, social, digital and individual characteristics of environmental factors explain the changes in creating active and happy schools by 0.26, 0.27, 0.19 and 0.25, respectively played role in creating active and happy schools. Further indirectly through the mediation of individual characteristics of physical, social, digital environmental factors to the extent of 0.19, 0.18 and 0.33 respectively played role in creating active and happy schools.The economic environment directly and indirectly through mediation Individual characteristics have no positive and significant effect on the dynamism and vitality of schools.According to the findings, education policy makers and planners, principals and physical education teachers can change and manipulate the social environment, educational technology and physical environment of schools.

The purpose of this study was to provide a model of social capital development through volunteering in student sports. The present study was conducted based on the purpose of applied research and in terms of collecting exploratory information and using the grounded theory . The statistical population was all professors, experts, specialists and expert professors active in the field of sports management and active in the field of student sports in Iran and theoretical purposive sampling method based on theoretical saturation criteria was used. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. The collected data were analyzed using open, axial and selective coding and the final model was extracted. Based on the obtained results, causal factors in the categories of students' volunteer value, leisure and entertainment, sports volunteer function and the obligation to prevent high-risk behaviors; Underlying conditions in the context of facilities, economic context, structural-legal context and managerial context; Interfering factors in two dimensions of barriers and facilitators; Strategies in factors such as adaptation of sports venues, macro policy, allocation of funds and financial resources, employment of volunteer forces, promotion and dissemination of volunteer culture, active and continuous participation of students in sporting events and finally the consequences in five dimensions Individual, social, educational, cultural and economic are counted. Attention and grounding for active participation of students in sports volunteering activities leads to moral and academic growth, learning as well as enjoyment of life in the shadow of communication with others and improves individual behavior in social relationships.

The purpose of this study was to present a strategic model for developing student participation in sport for all activities. This research has been performed qualitatively and the data were collected and analyzed using the Grounded Theory approach and Strauss and Corbin (1990) pattern. In this study, the population included 19 specialists and experts in sports for all in universities. Data were collected and analyzed through semi-structured interviews and snowball pattern. The data collection was continued until achieve theoretical saturation. Data analysis was conducted by performing three processes of open, axial and selective coding. The final research model consists of five factors, which are four causal conditions ; Five context conditions;, five intervening conditions; Nine strategic factors and three consequences. Therefore, it can be said that the model presented in this study included all of the factors involved in the development of student participation in sport for all. As a result, organizations in charge of student sports can use this model as a strategic and macro model for policy and development of sport for all among students. It is suggested that the General Department of Physical Education of the Ministry of Science and the Departments of Physical Education of universities, by expanding education and research in this field, create incentive strategies to increase participation and attract financial resources for infrastructure development.

The purpose of the current research was to test the model of factors affecting the implementation of a transformational organization in educational sports. The current research was applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of analysis method, which was conducted in the field. The statistical population of the research included all assistants, responsible experts and employees in the field of physical education and health in the Ministry of Education and General Administrations of the provinces and cities of the country, numbering 357 people and the statistical sample based on the table of Morgan and Karjesi, the number of 186 The person was selected randomly. Data collection was done using a researcher-made questionnaire with 56 questions on factors affecting the implementation of a transformational organization. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with the help of SPSSv21 and Amos software. The findings showed that the model of effective factors on the implementation of the transformational organization in educational sports of the country had a favorable and strong fit. The ranking of the factors affecting the implementation of the transformational organization showed that the highest rank was related to the dimension of organization and the lowest rank was related to the dimension of values. According to the results of the present research, it can be a transformational organization by using the obtained model and respond to the environmental needs in time in the current changing environment and in order to move to improve the organization.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of satisfaction with education and hope in education in predicting academic adjustment of physical education students. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of all undergraduate students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the academic year 2020-2021, from which 116 students were selected as a sample using stratified random sampling. Student satisfaction questionnaire, study hope questionnaire and detailed adaptation questionnaire were used to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Findings showed that there is a significant positive relationship between education satisfaction and study expectation and its dimensions with students' academic adjustment.The results of regression analysis also revealed that approximately 37% of the total variance of academic adjustment can be predicted based on satisfaction with education and hope for education, with the variable of satisfaction with education having a larger share.Therefore, it can be concluded that education satisfaction and study expectation are variables related to students' academic adjustment.

The purpose of this study was to present and test the model of regional convergence and cross-sectoral alignment in sports development as a case study for the field of sport for all and competetive sport in the provinces of Caspian sea. The research method is descriptive-correlational, In terms of purpose, practical and in terms of implementation, survey. The statistical population included managers and executive experts of sports management and development in Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces. A statistical sample of 143 people was estimated and sampled in a targeted and accessible way. Research tool was a questionnaire extracted from the systematic qualitative stage. validity of the instrument in two parts; Content validity and construct validity along with reliability were confirmed. The results of the modeling confirmed the construct validity and the relationships of the model variables. Accordingly, it can be stated that the dimensions (9 dimensions) and identified components (86 items) significantly explained the main variables in the model. The relationships defined in the model are, respectively, the levels, environmental capacity, development system leadership, universal sports convergence and championship, and development convergence functions. Based on the results, it is suggested to the organizations in charge of sports development in the northern provinces, considering the common and similar ecosystem of the three provinces, to prioritize the inter-provincial and regional convergence strategy in the development of sport for all and competetive sport, and use from scientific models such as the results of this study.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to develop a curriculum design model for an internship course of instruction in physical education major at Farhangian University. In the design of study, triangulation strategy and indicators of credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability were used to increase the trustworthiness of the study findings. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with the beneficiaries of the internship courses (13 supervisor professors, 17 mentor teachers, and 21 student teachers) and content analysis of upstream and transformational documents. The participants were selected using purposeful sampling and the interviews continued until theoretical saturation was reached. After being converted into text, the recorded interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis with a comparative approach based on the themes of the basic model (objectives, content, learning activities, and evaluation methods). Open coding and categorization led to the extraction of 59 primary concepts and 11 intermediate themes, which were classified and described in terms of four elements of objectives (cognitive, attitudinal, and behavioral objectives), content (prerequisites, university- and school-based content), learning activities (university- and school-based), and evaluation methods (time, method and reference of evaluation). In addition, the factors affecting the effectiveness of internship courses were identified and discussed based on a sub-question (30 primary concepts in the form of three final themes). The study's findings emphasize the need to reduce the gap between theory and practice, pay attention to the practical needs of teaching in physical education classes, and close cooperation between schools and universities in designing the internship curriculum.

The current research was designed and implemented with the aim of designing a model for the development of communication literacy of physical education teachers. The current research was mixed in terms of the practical purpose and the method of data collection. The statistical community of the qualitative part of this research was made up of elites and experts knowledgeable about the subject of the research, and in the quantitative part; Also, the statistical population included physical education teachers of Hamadan city. The tools of the current research included questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. In order to review the data of the qualitative part, coding according to the foundation data method based on the Strauss and Corbin approach was used, and in the quantitative part, the method of structural equations was used. All data analysis process of this research was done in SPSS version 20 and Smart PLS version 2 software. Also, the results showed that the strategies of this field include managerial, social and occupational strategies. The research results showed that in order to develop communication literacy among physical education teachers; There is a need to create background factors including the development of individual, environmental, nature, technology, educational and management issues. Also, the implementation of this model can have personal, occupational and social consequences. Therefore, in order to develop communication literacy, serious activities should be carried out, including enriching in-service courses based on communication literacy, creating advisory chairs, and also creating job guidelines to develop communication literacy of physical education teachers.

The purpose of this study is Model designing for qualitive development of sports coaches ’ education by implementation solutions providing. the research method was qualitative based on the Ground Theory of Strauss and Corbin's approach. statistical population was All managers, assistants and experienced experts in the field of research in the general administration and sports and youth departments of West Azarbaijan province, elite and active sports coaches , as well as experienced professors of universities. The research tool was a semi-structured interview, which was used to collect data by 27 experts viewpoint in the physical education field. the output of the research was a paradigmatic model of qualitive development of sports coaches ’ education that was consisting of causal, pivotal, intervening conditions, strategies and outcomes. Codes mentioned in the first stage of coding are open coding in several concepts such as charisma and personality traits, professional ethics, cognitive literacy, sports skill competence and finally management factors have been obtained. Also, in the second stage of coding, the central coding of the qualitative development of teacher training and sub-levels such as individual functional-behavioral, specialized-occupational and general-organizational skills were identified. results of implementation of present research strategies at the three specialized, individual and general levels, led to the qualitative development of the training of coaches and specifically the establishment of a powerful system of knowledge-based organization of coaches and the identity and personality of the coaching profession and the increase of elite coaches at a world-class level