نشریه فضای شهری و حیات اجتماعی
پیاپی 3 (زمستان 1401)

In the current era, inequality, deprivation, and exclusion have become one of the most important issues among emerging urban problems and challenges, and the gap between rich and poor in most countries has reached its highest level in the last thirty years. On the other hand, development plans as one of the most important tools for urban management and planning can be prepared using the most comprehensive and efficient approaches such as social sustainability to address these problems and challenges. In recent years, Zanjan city has witnessed an increase in various inequalities and deprivation. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate the tendency of Zanjan urban and regional development plans to urban social sustainability. In this research, the Plans Quality Evaluation method and Content Analysis technique have been utilized to evaluate Zanjan urban and regional development plans with regards to 14 dimensions and 47 variables of social sustainability. The results showed that in the past decades these plans have not been able to adequately reflect the strategies and policies of social sustainability in their content. Also, in the evaluation of these plans, it was determined that the issue of social sustainability is reflected more in urban plans rather than regional plans. In the review of the dimensions of social sustainability and their prioritization, it was found that the fundamental dimensions and novel issues of social sustainability, including vitality, social cohesion, social capital, governance and participation, and equality were reflected less than other items in various plans.

Population is the foundation of any development planning. In fact, population and its developments are most important variable that considered the basis of computing in development planning. Housing planning as one of the most important economic sectors of society is always affected by demographic changes. Thus, the aim of the present study is to predict the population and household, as well as the housing and land required in Iran up to the horizon of 1410. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method is descriptive-analytical. To collect information used of Censuses of different periods, information of health centers and other related centers as well as environmental scanning techniques. In order to predict the population of Iran in the horizon of 1410, the population of the provinces of Iran has been predicted separately. Environmental scanning technique has been used to predict the factors affecting population and housing and Spectrum software has been used to predict the population. Then, by considering the factors affecting the need for housing, the required housing is predicted and from facade group method to predict the required land have been used. The results show that with three assumptions of increase, stability and decrease in fertility in the horizon of 1410, we will see an increase in the population of Iran to 93.6, 91.5 and 89.4 million, respectively, decrease in people aged 0-14 and an increase in the elderly over 65 years. According to the projected population, we will see an increase of 33.8, 33.1 and 32.3 million households, respectively, In order to meet the needs of all households for adequate and standard housing, we will need 21.6, 21 and 20.5 million housing, respectively and about 99,000 to 105,000 hectares of land will be needed to provide this number of houses.

Earthquakes are one of the natural disasters that have caused a lot of damage to the inhabitants of the planet throughout history, which has led humans to always seek to reduce the effects of this sudden shock of nature. Zahedan city is located at a distance of less than 10 km from Zahedan fault and is affected by this potential danger. The city has 5 urban areas, each with its own structure; A population of 600,000, marginalization, and the presence of worn-out structures and unsuitable materials can be extremely dangerous, along with factors such as the concentration of services and uses that attract the population. In this research, an attempt has been made to study the efficiency of the roads in the central part of Zahedan during the earthquake crisis. The present study is an "applied" research and its method is "descriptive-analytical". Required data through field studies, mapping studies and using the opinions of experts and specialists in the field of crisis management and urban management (6 managers, 8 deputy managers, 20 group heads, 45 experts, a total of 79 people) ) Collected. AHP and ANP methods were used to analyze the information and determine the best emergency exit route using Expert Choice and Super Decision software. The results show that the passages in the study area, despite their suitable width, will not have the necessary efficiency in times of earthquake crisis. However, through hierarchical methods, the best urban thoroughfares in the area were determined to be the most efficient among the north-south thoroughfares of the Amir al-Momenin axis and among the east-west axes of the Imam Khomeini axis.

Paying attention to the increase in the number of urban regeneration projects in recent decades, it is very important to pay attention to the social dimensions in it. Based on this, social capital as one of the social potentials of the neighborhood is a concept that has gained special importance in regeneration. Considering the necessity of the topic, this research has investigated the role of social capital in the regeneration of the northern neighborhoods of the historical-cultural fabric of Tabriz city. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The tool for collecting information is library and documentary sources and field (questionnaire). The most important effective factors have been identified and the relationships between the factors have been investigated using the path analysis model in Smart Pls. Reliability and validity are checked with composite reliability and convergent validity, the amount of which for all variables is above 0.7 and 0.5, respectively, indicating good reliability and validity. The results of the path analysis model show that the independent variables of the present study are dependence on the environment, trust, social participation and civic participation, respectively, with path coefficients of 0.471, 0.295, 0.223 and 0.138 at a significance level of 0.5. p < 0 has had a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable of the research, which among the examined indicators has the most effect with a coefficient of 0.471 related to the variable of dependence on the environment and membership in local institutions with (0.842) has the most effect on regeneration A stable city, the northern neighborhoods have a historical-cultural context of Tabriz city.

Pandemic can be defined as a widespread epidemic of contagious diseases in several continents of the world at the same time. When the pandemic hit the world, all global relations, including urban issues, underwent a huge transformation, and with the closure of some businesses, schools and universities, and other public places, cities experienced a long-term silence. Considering the importance of the topic of urban spaces (streets) responsiveness and the necessity of conducting such studies in the field of urban planning, the present article seeks to investigate the effect of epidemic diseases, especially Covid-19, on urban planning and urban development from the perspective of revisioning it and at the scale of design of urban spaces from the aspect of street responsiveness in the peak of disease conditions by studying international examples and analyzing them with SWAT matrix and QSPM technique in order to find strategies to increase the responsiveness of these spaces in the metropolis of Tabriz in the mentioned special conditions. The analysis of the desired indicators, based on the method adopted in this research, showed that the approach, in order to improve the special conditions of epidemics in this area, should be followed by paying more attention to the existing strengths and taking advantage of the opportunities, as well as the components of distance, limiting the access of vehicles, strengthening Active modes and increasing access to green spaces are introduced as the most effective indicators of this research.

Urban neighborhoods, which are considered as micro-urban cells, face challenges over time, one of the most fundamental of which is the transformation of the neighborhood through physical change without considering the urban morphology and history of old neighborhoods, new people living in the neighborhood without There is no sense of belonging to the neighborhood and familiarity with the past and history of neighborhoods, identity crisis and the destruction of the old personality of neighborhoods due to disproportionate spatial development, which leads to the loss of social relations and sense of belonging in the neighborhood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between identity and physical changes in Asgarkhan neighborhood of Urmia and the identity of the neighborhood using the spatial arrangement method. The type of research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. In order to collect data, the method of library-documentary and field studies has been used. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (mean) and inferential statistics (Pearson test) were used in Excel and Spss software and spatial arrangement method was used in Depth Map and QGIS software. Findings based on the correlation obtained from Pearson test (0.446) and also the level of significance (Sig: 0.000) indicate a linear and positive relationship between neighborhood identity and physical indicators in the neighborhood. Based on the analysis of spatial arrangement technique, the important routes of the neighborhood are divided into three types, and based on that, in order to improve the physical condition and strengthen social relations and identity and sense of belonging in the neighborhood in the physical dimension, including improving the quantity and quality of uses, placing local elements and signs next to important neighborhood routes, creating a connection between past and present through intermediate elements. And .... was suggested.