فصلنامه تحقیقات جغرافیایی
سال سی و نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 151، زمستان 1402)

Nowadays, cities engage in a competition to showcase their innovative approaches within financial frameworks. The objective of this research endeavor was to employ the technique of structural equation modeling to validate a conceptual framework pertaining to social participation in the establishment of creative districts within urban settings.

The methodology employed for this study involved conducting applied research within District 11 of the Tehran Municipality during the year 2023. The selection of the statistical population was based on the most recent population and housing census, resulting in a total of 308,176 individuals. By utilizing the Cochran formula, a sample size of 383.6 individuals was determined. After eliminating incomplete questionnaires, a total of 374 questionnaires from native residents of District 11 in Tehran were analyzed. Each neighborhood within District 11 made a contribution of 22 questionnaires. Spatial cluster sampling was implemented as the selected method of sampling. The collected data were subsequently subjected to structural equation modeling in order to ascertain the underlying causal relationships between the variables.

The results indicated a significant positive impact of involvement on social participation, as demonstrated by a path coefficient of 0.701. Moreover, several factors including the sustainability, depth, rate, and diversity of participation also displayed favorable and substantial effects on social participation, with corresponding path coefficients of 0.682, 0.226, 0.882, and 0.429. The increased level of social participation within the urban creative district played a pivotal role in promoting innovation, citizen engagement, quality of life, and the human capital of its residents.

In relation to the variables pertaining to social participation, it was observed that the variables associated with participation's influence exerted a more substantial impact, while the aspect of participation sustainability displayed a relatively weaker effect on social participation within the context of urban creative districts. Moreover, sub-indicators such as the failure to identify and attract talented individuals, the lack of cooperation and participation from diverse segments of society, contribute to the untapped potential and impede the growth of the urban creative district.

Large and prominent global organizations consider responsibility towards society and the environment as a part of their strategy and try to contribute to the health and well-being of society by complying with ethical principles and transparency. In recent years, some universities have included social responsibility as an approach to sustainable development in their mission statements. Therefore, the current research aimed at the social responsibility of universities in the environmental field and solving the water shortage crisis in Iran. Therefore, the present study investigated the social responsibility of universities in the environmental field and solving the water shortage crisis in Iran.

Universities can provide specialized graduates to solve problems related to water shortage in the society by providing educational programs related to water and environmental resources management. These programs can include environmental engineering, water resources, earth sciences, biology and other related fields. In addition to education, universities can play an important role in scientific research and research projects in the field of environment and water scarcity. These studies can help to identify new solutions, new technologies and effective policies in the management of water resources and environment. Universities can be effective in promoting the culture of environmental protection and optimal use of water resources by establishing technical and scientific cooperation with related organizations and institutions. The collaborations can include joint research, knowledge exchange, providing technical advice and continuing education.

In the current era, nations are achieving success in the realm of e-tourism, whereby they leverage the potential of electronic tourism. This encompasses numerous regions within the country, particularly the coastal cities situated in the province of Mazandaran, which have consistently been renowned as tourist hotspots. The primary objective of this investigation was to explore the implementation of electronic tourism for the enhancement of tourism in the coastal cities of Mazandaran province.

The conduction of this study took place within the confines of Mazandaran province during the years 2023-2024. Employing a qualitative approach in terms of methodology and a fundamental approach in terms of purpose, the study model was developed utilizing the grounded theory method. The collection of data was facilitated through semi-structured interviews conducted with experts, with a total of 21 participants (N=21). The selection of samples was performed using the snowball sampling technique. For the analysis of the gathered data, the approach proposed by Strauss and Corbin was adopted.

After conducting the three stages of open, central, and selective coding, a total of 26 sub-categories were identified within the overarching categories of causal, contextual, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences. These sub-categories were organized into a final model consisting of six dimensions. The contextual condition category included factors such as organizational complexity, tourist conditions, and environmental conditions. The causal condition category encompassed the dynamics of the industry, tourists, and manpower, as well as the strengthening of organizations and infrastructures, and the dynamics of problem solving. The intervening condition category involved aspects such as management, structural barriers, and characteristics of the tourism industry. Additionally, the strategies category encompassed organizational flexibility, interaction with tourists, customer-oriented human resources, and service improvement. Lastly, the consequences category included the development of e-tourism, increased tourist satisfaction, economic development, and increased income.

The ultimate model derived from this investigation will pave the way for the enhancement of managerial approaches and the achievement of the ultimate objective of e-tourism establishment, and can serve as the framework for subsequent growth.

Regeneration is one of the most effective contemporary approaches in the field of urban restoration whichrt deals with various aspects including two main groups of physical and social structures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of urban regeneration indicators in Zahedan city.

This study was carried out in 2023-2024 in Zahedan using descriptive analytical method. The research tool was a questionnaire. The study indices were included 4 indicators of socio-cultural conditions (9 items), the economic prosperity (8 items), environmental condition (9 items) and physical condition (8 items). A 34-item questionnaire was prepared using Likert scale. The validity of the research tool was measured by distributing a questionnaire among 24 urban planning experts. The reliability of the indices was evaluated using the Kröbnach's alpha. Data was analyzed using SPSS25 software through one-sample T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Fimdings: 

the favorable status was observed in index of social and cultural conditions with an average of 3.287, environmental condition with an average of 3.389 and physical quality with an average of 3.321. Economic prosperity index with an average of 2.715 was in an unfavorable situation. There was a significant difference between the city areas of Zahedan in terms of sustainable urban regeneration. The highest difference was the index of socio-cultural conditions, and the lowest difference was in the index of economic prosperity.

The results indicate the favorable status of the environmental, socio-cultural, and physical indicators and the unfavorable status of the economic prosperity index.

 Health and the environment are in considerable interaction. Climate changes affect the physical and mental health of humans directly by changing weather patterns (heat waves, droughts, floods, storms) and indirectly by changing the quality of water, air, and food. Health services are often considered as the frontline in preventing adverse health outcomes, especially the consequences of climate change. This study aimed to investigate the main strategies for coping with the environmental risks caused by climate changes in the health field.

In this study, a systematic analysis approach was used to review studies on coping with climate change from 2022 to 2023. English articles were searched in databases such as Elsevier, Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search for articles was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, articles related to climate change, climate variability, and global warming were searched using keywords such as "Climate change," "Climate variability," and "Global warming." In the second stage, among these articles, relevant articles were selected for study and analysis using keywords such as "Health," "Exposure," "Infectious disease," "Mental health," "Compatibility," and "Mitigation."

Primary health systems are fundamental for resilience at both individual and community levels, serving as a vital structure for protecting global citizens by providing accessible, cost-effective, responsive, and reliable care. The analysis of selected studies emphasizes the need to build resilient health systems against climate change using adaptive or resilience-oriented and mitigative approaches. In this regard, enhancing the capacity of these systems, improving effective and repeated risk management at all levels, strengthening multisectoral collaboration, planning actions, and short- and long-term investments to increase flexibility have been suggested.

Health systems, as a vital structure for protecting global citizens, should focus on increasing social resilience by implementing mitigative and adaptive strategies against climate change.

Today, in order to create a favorable living environment, improve the business environment, manage resources, preserve identity and create meaning and hope for its residents, Tehran metropolis needs more appropriate use of resources and providing numerous innovations to solve existing and new problems. This study aimed to investigate the status of Tehran metropolis in terms of the urban innovation.

This research is practical in terms of its purpose and mixed in terms of its nature, and in terms of method, it is a descriptive-analytical survey. Data collection tools were semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires. After coding and analyzing the interviews based on theme analysis, the results were used in the form of a researcher-made questionnaire to evaluate Tehran metropolis, and the data were analyzed in SPSS software.

The coding results indicate that 11 key factors extracted from the interviews can help measure the state of Tehran metropolis in terms of the urban innovation system: efficient institutional framework and transparent laws, financial-institutional policies of the government, the context of citizen participation, Parent universities, creative and expert human resources, technological and innovative companies, access to diverse markets, urban innovation infrastructures, special city brand, city location and quality of life. Among these factors, mother universities, location, human resources and city brand are in better condition. Finally, the examined dimensions show that the current situation of Tehran metropolis is not very favorable in terms of urban innovation and its functions, and optimal conditions are not observed in terms of the adaptation of this type of system and system to Tehran metropolis.

Tehran metropolis is facing fundamental bottlenecks in terms of urban innovation system, which in this sense requires serious attention in most of the indicators along with belief in collaborative work and citizen participation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of improvement and rebuilding of Gorgan  city and the effect of participation on the reconstruction of the city of Gorgan.

This survey stufy was conducted in Gorgan city in 2023-2024. The research tool was a questionnaire. A field investigation and study of the comprehensive plans of Gorgan city were used to prepare the criteria and subcritria of the questionnare. The questionnaire was designed with 26 questions based on a 4-point Likert scale. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 70%. The validity of the questionnaire was checked by distributing the questionnaire among 21 university professors. The statistical population was 1040 dilapidated residential units in the city center. Therefore, in this research, the sample size was determined to be 280 households based on the simple random sampling method using Cochran's formula. AHP and SWOT methods were used for data analysis.

The results showed that participation in the rebuilding of the worn out central fabric of the city of Gorgan has led to spatial adjusting, strengthening of identity and belonging to the central neighborhoods and an obstacle to the horizontal development of the city of Gorgan. The results showed the impact of participation in the rebuilding of the worn-out central fabric of Gorgan city and the spatial arrangement of other fabrics of Gorgan city using AHP model and the dimension of activity (performance) was prioritized.

The results of this research indicated the positive effect of public participation on the reconstruction of the worn-out central fabric of Gorgan city and the spatial arrangement of other urban fabrics.

One of the mechanisms that can be useful in improving competition and sustainable tourism development is smart tourism. The aim of this research was to identify and rank the criteria for sustainable smart tourism growth in Tehran.

This survey was conducted in 2023-2024 using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in Tehran. The research tool was a questionnaire. To determine the most influential factors in the model for sustainable smart tourism growth in Tehran, a questionnaire was initially designed. Accordingly, 42 questions were designed using a 4-point Likert scale and provided to 50 experts. The statistical population of this research consists of a group of experts from travel agencies in Tehran, selected purposefully and judgmentally, and 50 of these experts were considered. After collecting experts' opinions in two consecutive phases, the main questionnaire with 39 questions was approved. Fuzzy Delphi and fuzzy network analysis methods were used for data analysis.

Based on the screening of indicators using the Delphi approach, 43 indicators in the areas of social, economic, sustainability, suppliers and stakeholders, competitors, natural, technical, and infrastructural were identified as effective factors in promoting smart tourism at the city level in Tehran. According to the results of network analysis, the goal harmonization index of economic, social, political, and environmental objectives had the first priority, and smart experiences had the second priority compared to other factors. Other factors also showed their importance in the development of smart and sustainable tourism based on the obtained coefficients.

The results indicate the impact of various indicators under social, environmental, technical, infrastructural, and especially economic factors on the development of smart tourism. Among them, indicators related to policymakers and stakeholders have a higher priority compared to other categories.