مجله علوم پزشکی پارس
سال بیست و یکم شماره 4 (پیاپی 66، زمستان 1402)

Rhinoplasty is one of the most challenging cosmetic surgeries. The nature of surgery itself and hemodynamic instability in patients causes bleeding during surgery, which affects the quality of the surgical field of view, complications during and after surgery, and the outcome of surgery. This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 51 patients aged 18 to 44 years with anesthesia class І, II who were candidates for septorhinoplasty surgery. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of tranexamic acid and control. Hemodynamic parameters at times; before induction, after induction, 1 minute after induction, 5 minutes after induction, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes during the operation, entry into recovery and exit from recovery were measured. The amount of bleeding during the operation was estimated based on the amount of bleeding in the suction. The average trend of systolic and diastolic blood pressure from the time before induction to outside of recovery in the control and tranramic acid groups showed a significant difference (P<0.001). In the times before and after induction, 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes, a significant difference in the average heart rate between the two groups was observed (P<0.05). ). The results of the present study showed that the use of a dose of 250 mg of tranexamic acid had a decreasing trend in the average hemodynamic changes over time, and during these times, the decreasing changes in heart rate were significant.

Nowadays occurrence of resistant to clarithromycin which is a key component of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori strains is a worldwide health concern. Point mutations in 23srRNA gene is one of the main causes of clarithromycin resistance. This study aimed to examine rate of clarithromycin resistance and its link with 23srRNA gene point mutation.

This study was conducted on 100 patients suffering from gastric complications had referred to tehran valiasr clinic during january of 2022. Two separate biopsy samples were collected from each patient and used for pathological and microbiological examinations. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by agar dilution and PCR.

53% (53/100) of the study patients were diagnosed as H. pylori+. Pathological findings indicated that 54.7% (29/53) of the H.pylori+ patients suffered from Chronic Gastritis, 37.7% (20/53) from Sever Active Gastritis and 7.5% (4/53) with Intestinal Metaplasia. Clarithromycin resistant were found among 13.2% (7/53) of patients. The MIC values of 0.125 mg/L and 2 mg/L were determined as the MIC50 and MIC90 values, respectively. Based on PCR results, all clarithromycin resistant strains had point mutations A2142G in 23SrRNA gene.

The findings revealed the existence of point mutations in 23srRNA gene which may be related with resistance to clarithromycin in H. pylori strainsKeywords: Helicobacter pylori, Clarithromycin Resistance, Histopathological Changes, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. Since microarray is a new method in cancer diagnosis, in the current study, the microarray library of MCF-7 breast cancer cells after irradiation was examined to predict the gene expression pattern and metabolic pathways related to it.Materials and Methods Microarray data extracted from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) related to MCF-7 cells were analyzed by GEO2R and R software. Then the genes that had increased and decreased expression were extracted and gene ontology analysis was performed using DAVID and Enrichr databases.

In this study, after 48 hours of irradiation, 234 genes with Log2FC>1 increased expression and 146 genes with Log2FC<-1 decreased expression (Adjusted p value <0.05). KEGG analysis on genes with increased expression showed that these genes are related to type 1 diabetes (P=2.43E-04). The genes extracted in this pathway included HLA-DRB5, HLA-DRB4, CPE, TNF, HLA- DRB1 and HLA-DM (Adjusted p value <0.05). Also, the findings show that the genes involved in type 1 diabetes in the islets of Langerhans include CPE, MHC-II, and TNF-α.

The findings of this study showed that the increase in irradiation time in breast cancer cells probably leads to the activation of pathways related to type 1 diabetes through CPE, MHC-II and TNF-α genes in the islets of Langerhans.

Cataract is one of the most common diseases in the world and the most common cause of vision loss and blindness in the world. Stability of hemodynamic symptoms is one of the most important factors during cataract surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of melatonin and tizanidine on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

This prospective clinical trial study was conducted on 90 patient's candidates for cataract surgery. Patients into three equal groups; Melatonin, tizanidine and placebo were divided. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded at baseline and every 5 minutes during surgery.

There was no difference in the variables of age, sex, weight between the studied groups. Heart rate, diastolic and systolic blood pressure decreased over time in all three groups. Diastolic blood pressure in the 10th minute of surgery (late surgery) in the tizanidine group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).

The results of this study showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the three groups of tizanidine, melatonin and control in terms of hemodynamic parameters. It is suggested that future studies be conducted with a larger sample size and that hemodynamic parameters be measured during recovery and after surgery.

Inadequate health literacy will lead to an increase in mortality and disease burden, as well as an increase in healthcare costs in adults. The aim of the present study was to investigate health literacy and related factors among the clients of comprehensive health service centers in Jahrom city in 2022.

The present study was an analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted on 648 people aged 30 to 65 in Jahrom city. Multi-stage sampling was used in this study. A standardized health literacy questionnaire and demographic characteristics were used to collect information. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS22 software using Chi-Square test. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered.

The average age of the participants was 10.48±44.68. Of the total participants, 19.3% had inadequate health literacy, 26.4% had limited health literacy, 36.6% had adequate health literacy, and 19.8% had excellent health literacy. Health literacy showed a statistically significant relationship with gender, age, marital status, education level and financial status (p<0.01).

Health literacy was reported to be unfavorable in more than 45% of the population aged 30 to 65 in Jahrom city. Therefore, designing interventions to increase health literacy in adults based on demographic variables can help improve the health of this group of people.

Empathy is one of the most effective indicators of nursing performance, therefore understanding the concept of empathy in the ICU seems necessary to provide better care in this challenging environment. However, empathy faces barriers in this area. This study was conducted using the content analysis approach with the aim of explaining the factors that inhibit empathy in intensive care nurses.

In this qualitative study, 12 semi-structured interviews with an average duration of 30-45 minutes were conducted with ICU nurses selected by purposive sampling during the period 2021-2022. The interviewees' statements were analysed after being recorded and converted into text using MAXQDATA 11 software and conventional content analysis methods.

The coding process was carried out after removing duplicate codes and merging similar codes as a continuous comparative analysis. Eleven subcategories and three main themes were identified, including "organisational barriers", "individual barriers" and "barriers related to environmental and cultural factors". ". Finally, the general theme (the main theme) was obtained under the title 'Barriers to empathy in nurses'.

The results of this study showed that intensive care nurses face significant barriers to empathy. Given that knowledge of the barriers to empathy and their removal will contribute greatly to improving patient care, it is necessary to identify and remove the existing barriers known to managers and policy makers.

Blastocystis is an extracellular and noninvasive unicellular enteric parasite with zoonotic potential. Intestinal epithelial cells produce nitric oxide (NO), primarily on the apical side, in order to target luminal pathogens. L-arginine can act as a substrate for inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS), which leads to the synthesis of nitric oxide. The current study was designed to assess the effect of L-arginine on Blastocystis ST3 in vitro conditions.

The parasite was cultivated in DMEM F-12`s medium and was then identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the subtype of the parasite was determined which was subtype 3. Then, the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and flow cytometry methods were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and probable apoptosis of the prepared druges /substances on Caco2 cells. This study investigated the concentrations of L-arginine ( 1/02/04/08/0 and 1/6 mM ) and Metronidazole (1 2 4 8 and 16 µg/mL ), and their effect on 24 and 48 hour time points after exposure to the parasite. Then, the final number of parasites was counted after staining with trypan blue by a Neubauer slide and the values of IC50 were calculated for each substance.

It was found that after 48 hours the number of live Blastocystis trophozoites decreases with the increase in L-arginine concentration and At the concentration of 1.6 mM the number of live trophozoites was 33.83 (P≤0.05).

L-arginine, especially in high concentrations‚ is capable of inhibiting Blastocystis trophozoites In vitro. 

Female-headed households, due to continuous and chronic exposure to various pressures, often face psychological challenges. Resilience is a crucial variable influencing the mental health of women in such circumstances. This study aims to assess the impact of implementing the Peplau Interpersonal Theory on the resilience of female-headed household members.

This is a quasi-experimental study. The target population consisted of female-headed households covered by the Welfare Office of Khorramabad. Using convenience sampling, 60 female household heads were selected from those covered by the Welfare Office, and they were randomly assigned into two groups: control and intervention. The intervention for the experimental group included face-to-face and individual training sessions based on the Peplau theory. Data were collected using demographic information questionnaires and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale before and one month after the intervention. The gathered data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests with SPSS software version 22.

Both intervention and control groups did not have statistically significant differences in terms of demographic variables and the level of resilience before the intervention (P>0.05). Comparison of the average resilience score showed a significant increase in the participants of the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.001).

Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that education based on Peplau interpersonal theory increases the level of resilience in female-headed households. Therefore, counselors and welfare professionals, as well as other executive bodies, should pay special attention to improving the resilience of female-headed household members.