مجله مدیریت کسب و کار
پیاپی 60 (زمستان 1402)

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the development of international markets of petrochemical products. In order to achieve this goal, using a mix method research approach, the factors influencing the international markets of petrochemical products were identified. First, the research method was qualitative and grounded theory. For this purpose, 20 experts of the petrochemical industry were interviewed and 106 concepts were identified, which were placed in 21 categories and 6 dimensions. The 9 factors identified as causal conditions are: price factors, influential groups, ability of the export manager, geographical factors, host company conditions, competitive conditions, production factors, product conditions and strategy and company status. In addition, 5 macroeconomic factors, government policies, export laws, industry-related factors and export macro challenges were extracted as background conditions. In the quantitative part, the obtained model was validated using Lisrel software with a sample of 212. The results showed that all nine factors have a positive effect on the result of the financial performance obtained in the research model. Also, 8 causal factors showed a positive effect on the outcome of the brand image. But the role of the host country was not confirmed.

intervening conditions, strategies and consequences of presenting a public policy model in the country's tax affairs organization. Public policy making is a process during which some issues are brought to the attention of the government, solutions are developed for them, and a policy is approved and implemented from among the solutions. In terms of methodology, this research is a qualitative research (foundation data theory). The sampling method is theoretical and purposeful and the sample size is 14 experts in the field of policy making in the country's tax system. The content of the research is using the semi-structured interview technique and Structured and compiled with experts. The findings during the process of open, central and selective coding indicate that the ideal general policy model of the country's tax organization includes the above conditions (3 categories and 12 conceptual codes and 173 primary codes), background conditions (4 category and 23 conceptual codes and 168 primary codes), intervening conditions (6 categories and 22 conceptual codes and 220 primary codes), strategies (3 categories, 8 conceptual codes and 48 primary codes) and outcomes (2 categories, 4 conceptual codes and 30 is the primary code.

This research sought to find the determinants and consequences of non-performing loans. For this purpose, meta-synthesis method was used and 7 steps of meta-synthesis proposed by Sandelowski and Barroso (2007) were implemented. The intended sample for meta-synthesis consists of selected studies based on their relationship with the research question. In the present study, the initial sample included 194 sources related to the research topic, which were extracted from databases without time limits. After screening the sources in terms of various items such as title, abstract, content and quality, 151 sources remained, whose results were examined more precisely and combined with each other. The result of this process was the extraction of 118 codes, which were categorized into 10 categories of determinants, 11 strategies to reduce and 12 consequences of non-performing loans. Determinants include international factors, macroeconomic factors, bank-specific factors, industry-related, market, borrower, and loan, political, macro-financial and institutional factors. 36% of determinants were classified in the category of macroeconomics determinants, 31% in the category of bank-specific factors, and 33% in the other 9 categories. Another result of this study is the circular causality observed among the consequences and determinants.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the preferences and determine the relationships between the factors affecting the financing of small and medium-sized businesses using the FAHP-MICMAC method in Tehran province. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. The statistical population of the study is all managers and boards of directors of small and medium businesses operating in Tehran province, of which 185 people were selected by purposive sampling. Financial experts - Banking approved. Expert Choice and MICMAC software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that government fiscal policies, central bank monetary policies, and the cost of the financing process have the largest share in financing small and medium-sized businesses. Mick Mac showed that the volume of financing, the optimal structure of capital, the cost of the financing process, the attractiveness of financing instruments, the credit status of the company all play important roles in how to finance. The regulatory policies of the stock exchange organization, instrument-related risks, expected returns, profit-sharing mechanism related to financial instruments, and the level of risk-taking are classified as two-dimensional factors. Is the agent.

A significant part of the the capital of the leading organizations has been attributed to the considering human resources in recent years. The knowledgeable and capable managers know that the more they provide the prerequisites for progress and promotion of human resources, the more they guarantee the success, efficiency and superiority of their organization before other organizations. The most efficient way for achieving high competitive advantage and the most important superiority index according to tremendous changes in the economic conditions is empowering and making efficient the human resources in organizations. Human resource is the most important capital of the organizations. The purpose of this research is to propose a model of efficiency of investment in human resources. The statistical population consisted of all companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The research method is descriptive and survey. The statistical sample included 155 companies selected via available sampling method. The data were collected by author-made questionnaire based on Likert scale. Kolmogorov- Smirnov test was used for normality test and structural equations modeling was employed for hypotheses test. The results showed that the quality of financial disclosure, human capital disclosure, improvement of business environment have a positive and significant impact on human resources.

The present study aims to provide a model of strategic marketing capabilities based on competitive advantage in the banking industry based on the foundation data approach. The research method is qualitative and based on data theory of the foundation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and data analysis was performed by Strauss and Corbin method and paradigm model. Sampling was theoretical sampling method and was done using targeted (judgmental) techniques. According to the systematic model of data foundation theory, 15 people were selected for the statistical community of experts and managers with experience in the banking industry. The findings of this study indicate that for the successful implementation of a strategic marketing model based on competitive advantage Develop a positive understanding of marketing more in the field of competitive advantage activities. They can also provide a better picture of their services by emphasizing strategic marketing capabilities in order to pay attention to competitive patterns and take steps to develop a competitive advantage. In addition, this study warns managers about the need to pay attention to strategic marketing capabilities based on competitive advantage in the banking industry.

The present study has designed a model for evaluating the effectiveness of virtual courses of in-service training for employees with an entrepreneurial marketing approach. The research is practical in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of method. Using the three-stage Delphi technique among 20 experts, the indicators were adjusted and refined and the final model was calculated. In order to implement the designed model, a researcher-made questionnaire was placed in the survey plant. At this stage, the statistical population includes all the employees of Tejarat Bank in Tehran (5163 people). Based on Cochran's formula, 358 people were selected . After collecting data, statistical analysis of data was done at two descriptive levels (statistical indicators) and inferential level (confirmatory factor analysis).The results of the research indicate that in terms of evaluating the effectiveness of virtual courses of in-service training for employees the most attention is paid to the dimension "quality of educational services in virtual education" and the least attention to the dimension "the role of information technology in virtual education". is. Also, among the 13 components identified, "quality of information" has attracted the most attention and "evaluation of the effectiveness of training courses" has attracted the least attention.

In recent years, the importance of the role of intangible assets in the effectiveness of activities, creation and survival of financial performance of businesses at the level of various industries has been revealed to everyone. Recognizing this role has strengthened the need of organizations to evaluate the state of their brand and compare it with other competitors, and has reminded the need to measure its value by using the latest qualitative and quantitative methods and tools. According to the existing model and variables, a questionnaire was designed, which includes 18 questions, and these questionnaires were distributed among 800 privileged customers of the Tehran branch to the number of 260 questionnaires, and the results obtained from the statistical analysis were used, and based on this, 4 hypotheses were proposed that First, he described the samples through demographics, and then using inferential statistical tests, the degree of correlation between the variables and hypothesis testing was used to check the desired results using Lisrel software.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of outbound marketing capability model design in improving the performance of state banks. The current research is of an applied type and it examines the capabilities of outbound marketing in improving banking performance. The statistical population of this research is made up of managers and experts of Sepah Bank branches. In data analysis, Cronbach's alpha test was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, Kolomogrov-Smirnov test to measure the normality of data distribution, and correlation test to measure the research hypotheses. In examining the effects of outbound marketing capabilities on the banking performance of Sepah Bank branches, all three hypotheses were confirmed with 95% confidence and 5% error level. The results of the research showed that there is a significant relationship between outbound marketing capabilities and banking performance. This means that the better the outbound marketing capabilities in bank branches, the better the banking performance will be.

After accepting the JCPOA and despite Peugeot's absence from cooperation with Iran Khodro for several years, the company, with the aim of transferring technology, re-launched a joint project with Peugeot to produce two products, 301 and 2008, but like the bitter experiences of the past, This technology transfer project also failed; Therefore, in this article, the issue of technology transfer in the automotive industry is conceptually studied using the Grounded Theory of the foundation and the factors influencing it. In this article, from the beginning, technology transfer is assumed to be equivalent to knowledge transfer, and knowledge transfer is criticized in two categories: explicit and implicit knowledge. Based on the research background, the effective factors in technology transfer are classified into 7 groups. Then, the main questions for the project were collected in the interviews. From the interviews, 42 phrases called "conceptual perception" were obtained. The conceptual findings were then divided into 9 "semantic categories" and "root of weakness" in each semantic category. The results show that low competitive pressure in the Iranian automotive market has led to a monopoly, so that Peugeot Automotive Group has not transferred any of its advanced parts technology to Iranian suppliers of their parts.

Although the amount of investment of companies is caused by several factors. But the internal control factor is expected to have an effect on the cash flow of the company and the social responsibility of the companies. Therefore, the aim of the research is to answer the question of what is the effect of internal controls on the relationship between the level of social responsibility and the sensitivity of investment to cash flow. The research method is descriptive and causal-correlation in terms of relationship between variables and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange and the sample includes 140 companies during the years 2015 to 2019. The regression method and panel data as well as the fixed effects model were used to process the hypotheses and Wes Weaver software was used to search for the most cited authors. The level of social responsibility with the sensitivity of cash flow investment and internal controls has a negative and significant effect on the relationship between the level of social responsibility. Therefore, it can be argued that the disclosure of social responsibility reports will increase the quality of accounting information and reduce information asymmetry,

The characteristics of today's businesses have led managers to pay attention to their business from ecosystem point of view and this attention is increasing. Considering businesses from the business ecosystem point of view will lead to significant differences in comparison to considering a specific business and will transform analyses and actions from the individual level to the collective level. However, the prerequisite for any analysis or action in the field of ecosystems is to identify the characteristics of ecosystems. In order to specify the characteristics of business ecosystems and using Metasynthesis, published articles in four databases and specifically four reputable journals are reviewed and after evaluating and screening the articles, 54 articles are selected and carefully studied and the information obtained are combined and interpreted. According to the Metasynthesis results, the characteristics of ecosystems can be classified into five main characteristics including Structural Characteristics, Interactive Characteristics, Evolutionary Characteristics, Social Characteristics and Governance Characteristics that every characteristic includes sub-characteristics and concepts and all together make the framework of business ecosystems’ characteristics. These characteristics affect all dimensions of an ecosystem and comprehensive knowledge about them is a valuable guide for any research or action in ecosystems.

The statement of the second step of the revolution is a vision that was issued by the Supreme Leader on the eve of the 40th anniversary of the Islamic Revolution to outline the current situation and the future perspective of the Islamic Republic of Iran with the ultimate goal of achieving a new Islamic civilization. This statement has useful functions in the economic, political and cultural fields. The supreme leader of the revolution has always emphasized the priority of culture among statesmen. Basically, the culture of every society forms the identity and existence of that society, and with the deviation of culture, even though the society It is powerful and strong in economic, political, industrial and military dimensions, but it is empty, empty and empty. This research has been conducted in order to find the cultural issues considered by the Supreme Leader in the statement of the second step with the method of content analysis. Therefore, in order to find the cultural components of the statement of the second step of the revolution, first 50 key propositions related to the field of culture were counted from the text of the statement and finally 4 overarching themes were obtained.