فصلنامه پرستاری دیابت
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (بهار 1403)

Education is fundamental to diabetes treatment. Various educational methods do not have the same effects, so this study aimed to compare the effects of peer education and self-learning modules on glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with type II diabetes.

In this clinical trial, 60 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the Zabol diabetes clinic were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided into two groups using coin flips. Patients in the peer group participated in 6 sessions of 30-45 minutes each, conducted over a month (2 sessions per week). In the module group, self-learning packages were provided to patients. The patients in the module group studied at the same time as the peer group sessions. To ensure compliance with the module study, the researcher established telephone contact with patients. Telephone follow-ups were conducted for both peer training and module groups. The self-care scores of patients were assessed before and 12 weeks after the intervention.

The level of glycosylated hemoglobin significantly decreased in patients after participating in peer training (P = 0.032), while the level of glycosylated hemoglobin did not show a significant change before and after participation in the self-learning module group (P = 0.385). There was no significant difference in the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin between the peer training and self-learning module groups after the intervention (P = 0.199).

This study showed that peer education could lead to a reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, peer education is an effective method to help control diabetes and can be beneficial in reducing complications in diabetic patients.

Women with gestational diabetes face challenges with self-care and blood glucose control, leading to serious complications for both mother and fetus. The purpose of this research is to investigate the barriers and enablers of self-care behaviors and blood glucose control based on the COM-B model and the theoretical domains framework in women with gestational diabetes.

This qualitative, descriptive phenomenological study was conducted in 2023. Using a purposive sampling approach, nineteen eligible women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were interviewed until theoretical saturation was reached. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the thematic analysis method.

After analyzing and coding the data, the identified barriers and enablers were categorized into six encompassing themes: psychological competence (two organizing themes and three basic themes), physical competence (one organizing theme and one basic theme), social opportunity (one organizing theme and two basic themes), environmental opportunity (one organizing theme and three basic themes), reflective motivation (two organizing themes and two basic themes), and automatic motivation (one organizing theme and three basic themes). In total, six encompassing themes, fourteen organizing themes, and eight basic themes were extracted.

Identifying the barriers and enablers of self-care and glucose control in women with gestational diabetes, based on a comprehensive causal behavior analysis and the theoretical domains framework, can provide a basis for researchers and therapists to design effective treatment plans.

Considering the importance of the role of parents in the physical and mental health of children, especially in the face of chronic diseases, this research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the mentalization promoting program for parents of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) on parental stress.

The research method of this study is semi-experimental with a single-subject structure. The sample group was selected by purposive sampling and included four parents of 8-12-year-old children with T1D. The subjects participated in eight two-hour sessions of the mentalization promoting program for parents of children with T1D and completed the Parental Stress Questionnaire (PSI-SF) at baseline, during the intervention, after the intervention, and during follow-up stages to evaluate the effectiveness of this program on parental stress.

The data were analyzed using graphical analysis and the Reliable Change Index (RCI). The results showed that the proposed program, while having sufficient validity, was effective in reducing the stress of these parents, and the effectiveness continued in the follow-up phase.

Considering the credibility and effectiveness of the mentalization promoting program, it is suggested that this program be widely implemented to reduce stress and support parents of children with T1D. Furthermore, this program should be adapted and implemented for parents in stressful situations or those with children suffering from other chronic diseases.

Diabetes is a significant health problem that can lead to death and serious complications. To prevent these outcomes, patients need to adopt specific self-care behaviors. Patients' knowledge about the disease and self-care methods is crucial for achieving desired treatment outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the state of awareness and self-care performance in patients with type II diabetes.

This cross-sectional study included 299 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the diabetes clinic of Dezful City in 2022, selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire related to self-care knowledge and practice and analyzed using SPSS 16 software with a 95% confidence level.

The results showed that 88.6% of participants were under 60 years old, 67.2% were male, 57.9% lived in urban areas, 54.2% were single, 56.2% were illiterate, and 34.1% had been diagnosed with diabetes for 1 to 5 years. It was found that 93% and 99.3% of participants did not achieve high self-care knowledge and performance scores, respectively. The highest average score was for knowledge about diabetes (3.87 ± 1.35), while the lowest average score was for foot care practice (12.70 ± 3.6).

This study showed that patients with type 2 diabetes have low self-care knowledge and performance. Therefore, it is necessary to modify and improve the self-care programs for these patients.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that significantly impacts individuals' social, psychological, and personal functioning. One of the consequences of diabetes is a reduction in marital compatibility and issues related to family stability. This study aimed to determine the effect of an educational intervention on family stability in women with type II diabetes referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center.

This semi-experimental intervention study was conducted in 2022 with 60 women diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. A convenience sampling method was employed to select participants, who were then randomly divided into two groups. The educational intervention was delivered virtually over seven sessions. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Family Stability Questionnaire (FSQ). SPSS software version 26 was utilized for data analysis at a significance level of 0.05, employing independent t-tests, paired t-tests, ANOVA, covariance analysis, and Mann-Whitney tests.

After the intervention, the average family stability score in the experimental group significantly decreased compared to the control group, with a significant difference noted (p<0.01). It is important to note that a lower score indicates better family stability. The paired t-test results demonstrated the positive impact of the training in the intervention group.

The educational intervention was effective in enhancing family stability among women with type II diabetes in Yazd city. Future studies should explore and implement strategies to promote family stability in patients with other chronic diseases, with particular emphasis on improving emotional well-being.