Journal of Exercise Physiology and Performance
Volume:1 Issue: 3, Autumn 2023

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of plyometric exercises with arginine supplementation on some physical fitness factors of beach soccer players for the purpose of injury prevention.

Based on the research entry criteria, 20 beach soccer players were selected and were randomly assigned to two groups of plyometric exercises (n=10) and plyometrics with arginine supplement (n=10). Then, age, height, weight, and physical fitness factors including aerobic and anaerobic capacity, muscle strength and endurance, and fat percentage of subjects were evaluated. The first training group received plyometric exercises with arginine supplement. In the second group, plyometric exercises were applied along with placebo. After 8 weeks of training, physical fitness factors were re-evaluated. The correlated T test was used to determine the intra-group changes and the ANCOVA test was used to compare between the groups. The obtained results were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software.

The findings showed that both plyometric training programs with and without arginine supplementation had a significant effect on improving aerobic power (P=0.002, P=0.001), anaerobic power (P≥0.01), muscle strength. (P=0.001), muscle endurance (P=0.004) and fat percentage (P=0.001). Also, the results of comparing the effects of two training programs show that there is a significant difference between the two training programs in the variables of aerobic power (P=0.01), anaerobic power (P≥0.05) and fat percentage (P=0.02).

According to the results and previous studies, using two types of plyometric exercises, with and without using Arginine supplementation especially with arginine supplementation could be useful to prevent sports related injuries specially ankle and knee sprains and groin strain which are prevalent among soccer players of all types specially beach soccer players. It is explained by different mechanisms including affecting aerobic and anaerobic powers, muscle strength and endurance, and body fat.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of combined exercise and kefir yogurt consumption on certain indicators of metabolic syndrome in overweight adolescent girls. The statistical population consisted of non-athlete female students with overweight in the age range of 20 to 30 years from the East Tehran branch of Islamic Azad University. A total of 40 individuals were selected as the research sample. Participants were randomly assigned to four groups: combined exercise group, kefir yogurt consumption group, combined exercise and kefir yogurt group, and a control group. Subjects engaged in combined exercise sessions three times a week for eight weeks. Additionally, participants in the kefir yogurt groups consumed 750 milliliters of Pegah kefir yogurt three times a day for eight weeks. The results revealed a significant difference between the combined exercise + kefir group and the other groups, indicating superior performance in the combined exercise + kefir group compared to the others. Probably, exercise training along with kefir yogurt (probiotic) consumption can have an interaction of muscle-related genes on fat tissue.

The aim of the current research was the effect of 8 weeks of increasing resistance training and a period of non-training after that on the left ventricular LVEVD index of sedentary women.

In this semi-experimental research that was conducted in a field-laboratory manner, 32 sedentary women who were able to regularly participate in the exercise protocol were selected by simple random sampling and randomly divided into 2 groups: 1- Resistance exercise group (16 people ), 2- control group (16 people). In the present study, before the implementation of the training program, all the anthropometric characteristics, body composition and structural and functional indicators of the left ventricle of the subjects were measured and recorded in three stages under the same conditions. Variable left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), by a cardiologist with echocardiography using M-Mode, Spectral Doppler, Color Doppler (2-D) methods and in a special echocardiography room in 3 stages (before exercise, after the end of 8 weeks The resistance training program was measured after 4 weeks of non-training after training. It was also measured before echocardiography. All training programs including 3 training days per week and every day for 90 minutes were implemented in the sports hall of Azad University, Yazd branch. This program was implemented for 8 weeks from low to high intensity, taking into account the principle of overload and increasing the intensity of training.

the results showed that eight weeks of increasing resistance training was significant on the left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) of sedentary women

Increasing resistance training reduced the positive effects of increasing resistance training on the left ventricular end-diastolic volume.

This study pursues two goals: first, presenting Persian translation and cultural adaptation of Eating Disorders Screen for Athletes (EDSA) in accordance with an international standard method, and second, studying factor structure and psychometric properties of EDSA.

A total of 439 athletes aged 18 years and older from various sports all around the country participated in this research. A confirmatory factor analysis was utilized to present the validation of the structure. Internal consistency was also examined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Concurrent validity was evaluated using the zero correlation between EDSA and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). Receptor Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis based on gender and distinct performance analysis were used to predict the grouping of athletes based on the EDSA cut-off point (3.33 as the optimal cut for men and women) from the benchmark test.The Persian version of the EDE-Q in athletes has a similar factor structure to the English one. The questionnaire's reliability obtained by Cronbach's alpha was 0.744. The correlation between the scores of this questionnaire and the EDE_Q was confirmed. Diagnostic validity for classification of male and female athletes with low and high eating disorders has a significance level of P <0.001, and a cut-off score of 3.25 on EDSA presented an optimal exchange of sensitivity in return for sensitivity in genders.

CStandardized factor loadings ranged between .43 and .81 at the significance level of p = 0.001.

The present research indicates the successful translation, development and validation of Persian EDSA as a screening tool to identify male and female athletes at risk for eating disorders. The Persian version of EDSA can be confidently used in Persian language research and applied fields.

Inflammatory indicators and oxidative stress play an important role in insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training with cinnamon extract on inflammatory indicators and oxidative stress in rats fed a high-fructose drink.

Thirty-six Wistar male rats divided into groups: control (n=9), aerobic exercise (n=9), cinnamon extract (n=9), and aerobic exercise –cinnamon extract (n=9). Insulin-resistance status induced by %10 fructose solutions. Exercise groups subjected to a 5-day per week aerobic exercise program (with 75-80% VO2max) for 8 weeks. Extract groups subjected was Injected 200 mg/kgBW/day cinnamon extract. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and statistical significance was set at p<0/05.

The results showed that aerobic training with or without extract caused to a significant decrease in serum TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP (p<0/05). Indeed, in all three experimental groups, SOD and GPX increased significantly compared to control (P<0.05). MDA levels also decreased significantly in experimental groups compared to control group (P<0.05).

Results of this study indicated that aerobic exercise and cinnamon reduced inflammatory indicators and oxidative stress in rats fed a high-fructose drink. Also, cinnamon extract with aerobic exercise has a greater effect on these indicators.

The present study aimed to determine the effect of a session eccentric resistance exercise with and without blood flow restriction on Interleukin 15 and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in nonathlete People.

In a crossover research design, 36 male non-athletes (with an average mean of 25± 2.9 age, 22± 1.39 kg/m2 mass body index) were asked to participate in the study randomly. The exercise consisted of one lower limb resistance session and one set until exhaustion. The exercise consisted of one lower limb resistance session and one set until exhaustion. The exercise intensity in each group was 30% of One Repetition Maximum Respectively. The blood flow Restriction was done by the proximal pressure gauge on the thigh. The blood samples were taken 48 hours before the test. The blood samples were analyzed to determine Interleukin 15 and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The statistical analysis was examined based on the study's objectives through descriptive statistics, correlative, and independent tests(P=0.05).

The result showed there is a meaningful increase in Interleukin 15 after one session of eccentric resistance exercise accompanied by blood flow(P=0.000), but in comparison to the control group, the Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the experiment group showed a meaningful decrease (P=0.000).

It seems low-intensity eccentric resistance exercise for one session accompanied by blood flow Restriction could have an appropriate effect on the discharge rate of muscle growth factor and a decrease in inflammatory factors derived from physical activity.

Obesity leads to various chronic conditions and investigating its causative factors is of health and clinical and significance to humans. Doing physical exercises regularly and consuming proper diet are frequently recommended for achieving health benefits and resolving the various complications of obesity. This study examined the question whether performing moderate intensity aerobic exercises combined with spirulina, a seaweed rich in probiotics and antioxidants, can improve the lipid profile, body composition and function in overweight women.

We examined the associated variables linked to obesity in 20 volunteer women in a pre- and post-test design over eight weeks of intense aerobic exercises based on an established protocol, compared to the controls. We assessed cardiovascular endurance, and variables like lipid profile, weight, body mass index, and lean muscle mass in response to exercising plus spirulina consumption versus the controls.

The exercise combined with spirulina significantly reduced blood triglycerides and LDL while raising the HDL. The treatment significantly reduced the body weight, fat and BMI while increasing the muscle strength and Vo2max compared to those of the control group.

Combining moderate intensity aerobic exercises with spirulina supplements significantly reduced the body weight, fat deposits, and BMI while increasing the muscle strength and Vo2max in overweight and obese women.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of Pilates exercises with and without vitamin D supplementation on body composition and osteoporosis in overweight postmenopausal women.

The statistical population of this study included postmenopausal women with an age range (50-70 years) and a high body mass index (25 to 29 kg/m2), with 40 women in three experimental groups and one group were controlled. The first group of 10 people only did Pilates, the second group of 10 people only took vitamin D supplements, the third group of 10 people did Pilates with the supplement and the last group was considered as the control group. The subjects participated in the Pilates exercise program, which included 8 weeks of three sessions of one hour per week, and took vitamin D supplements according to the schedule. Finally, the subjects' body mass index, vitamin D level, and osteoporosis level were determined before and after the activity. To check the results, the statistical method of covariance test was used at the significance level of P≤0.05.

Based on the obtained results, Pilates exercises along with vitamin D supplementation had an effect on the body composition of overweight postmenopausal women and reduced the body mass index of women (P≤0.05)). Pilates exercises combined with vitamin D supplementation had an effect on osteoporosis in overweight postmenopausal women and the rate of osteoporosis in the subjects was reduced (P≤0.05). However, supplement consumption and Pilates exercise alone did not affect the amount of body mass index and osteoporosis (P≤0.05).

According to the results obtained from this research, it is possible to suggest Pilates exercises along with vitamin D supplementation to overweight postmenopausal women to improve body composition and prevent osteoporosis. The main goal of osteoporosis treatment is to prevent fractures.

Numerous studies have investigated the effects of caffeine consumption in various sports, but there are few studies that have used caffeine gum. In this research the effects of consuming caffeine gum during a simulated fencing competition in two parts of periodic and eliminating matches were examined.

Fourteen epee weapon male fencers mean age 21.35 ± 2.02 years, the average height 178.05 ± 4.96 centimeters, and mean weight 77.47 ± 7.16 kg completed this doubleblind, randomized, counterbalanced study. Fencers divided into placebo group (n=7) (PLC) and caffeine group (n=7) (CAF). Before simulated periodic and before eliminating fencing competitions, players chewed either CAF (400 mg) gum or PLC gum for 5 minutes. Salivary testosterone and cortisol concentrations, and performance (repetitious running test) were measured at baseline, pre-periodic competition, post-periodic competition, pre-eliminated competition, and post-eliminated competition.

Caffeine consumption between periodic and elimination competitions had no effect on sprint performance (p=0.995). Sprint time increased after the first attempt in both tests (p=0.003). The first sprint was 3% slower than the initial speed (p=0.004). intake caffeine between periodic and elimination matches influenced salivary testosterone responses (p=0.021, partial-eta2 = 0.471), about 70 percent more in caffeine group vs. placebo group. No further between-trial effects were observed. Also, salivary testosterone increased throughout fencing competition (p= 0.001, partial-eta2 = 0.538), about 38% more than baseline values. No differences were observed between baseline and pre-periodic phase (p =0.769). Fencing competitions affected the concentration of salivary cortisol (p=0.032) showing a significant increase from the baseline level before the second survey (p=0.020) and after the second survey (p=0.023). Caffeine consumption between the two halves had no significant effect on salivary cortisol concentration (p=0.098).

Athletes and coaches can choose caffeine gum between competition or practice bouts because of the increases in salivary testosterone observed; we must notice that many factors such as caffeine doses and psychological propellant associated with increased motivation and high-intensity exercise performance.

Inflammation and cytokine storms due to cardiovascular diseases (CD). Herbals can be the primary source of compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, herbals agents may consider as a complementary medicine. Bioactive compounds and phytochemicals have potential strategies to halt or manage CD. flaxseed have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

In this study, we used H9c2 cell lines of rat embryonic cardiomyocytes. To induce CD we used hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic conditions. Real-Time-PCR performed to evaluated the relative expression of the genes.

We found that flaxseed could decreased the expression level of the IL-1β and NLRP3. Moreover, the expression level of the NRF-1 and Sirt-1 increased by flaxseed.

Our data proposed that flaxseed could have potential approaches to manage and prevent CD.

The necessity and importance of such research, particularly among younger individuals, are quite evident due to the flexibility of bones and the growth of body organs at these ages. By using exercises and a combination of kinesiotaping and Theraband, we can address their deformities and provide them with suitable solutions. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of an 8-week Theraband training program with kinesiotaping on the angle of kyphosis in adolescent boys with kyphosis.

A total of 24 male adolescents from sports clubs in Isfahan (aged 15-18) were selected as a statistical sample. These individuals were selected randomly and through observation. The tool used for measurement was a flexible ruler. Data analysis was conducted using a dependent t-test and covariance analysis.

The pre-test kyphosis angle in the Theraband with kinesiotaping training group was 49.71 ± 0.7 (p = 0.604), and the post-training kyphosis angle was 46.97 ± 0.8 (p = 0.002), indicating a significant reduction.

The results of this study suggest that the combination of Theraband training with kinesiotaping used in this research was effective and met the expected outcomes, resulting in a reduction in the angle of kyphosis in adolescent boys with kyphosis.

Upper Cross Syndrome (UCS) is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by muscle imbalance, specifically involving shortening and weakness of certain muscles. This study aimed to determine the effect of eight weeks of selected corrective exercises on UCS in Carpet weaver women.

In this quasi-experimental study, 30 women with kyphosis, exhibiting forward head posture, forward shoulder posture, and hyperkyphosis, participated. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups of 15, experimental and control. The experimental group performed selected corrective exercises for eight weeks, three days a week. Forward head angle was measured using a goniometer, forward shoulder angle using a double square, and kyphosis angle using a flexible ruler before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS software package (P≤0.05).

In the experimental group, a significant reduction in forward head angle (p=0.01) and kyphosis angle (p=0.008) was observed after eight weeks of exercise. However, there was no significant difference in forward shoulder posture (p=0.06).

Considering the significant reduction in forward head and kyphosis angles in the experimental group, the use of this exercise program is recommended for individuals with forward head posture and kyphosis abnormalities.