فصلنامه پژوهش های ارتباطی
پیاپی 51 (پاییز 1386)

The present article is based on a research carried out in IRIB Research Center in 2007. It aims to investigate the extent to which parents control children's exposure to visual media particularly TV.- The research concluded that 70 percent of parents adopted an active approach, approach for controlling their children's exposure to TV. - The results also showed that 68 percent of respondents (parents) controlled the contents of the programs, to different visual media (except for TV) "much" or "very much".- The research further indicated that 42 percent of parents checked "much" or "very much" the video games CDs after buying or renting them.

Given the role and significance of TV in the audience's rational growth, attitude change, and sociability, the present article is based on a research aiming to find an answer to the following question: How are the role and status of men and women in foreign and Iranian TV series presented? The article first offers a summery of the results of foreign and Iranian studies of the same nature and then discusses the results of the present research.Of the interesting conclusions the author has come up with are the following:-In the foreign TV series no cultural role has been played by actors/actresses who have a leading role.-In Iranian TV series women in all scenes have a passive and submissive role.-All women in Iranian TV series were financially dependent on their fathers or brothers.-All women in Foreign TV series were financially independent.

The present article is based on a research aimed at studying the methods of educating children presented in TV series and level of their influence on the audience. From among all the foreign and Iranian series showed on TV in the second half of the year 2003, a few number were selected and then, using the method of content analysis, the extent to and the way by which these series had employed different methods of rewarding and punishing for children and adolescents was studied.The results showed that pleasant and unpleasant behaviors were equally employed in Iranian TV series. In Iranian TV series deterrent methods were used more than rewarding ones. In foreign TV series, on the contrary, the encouraging methods were employed more than the punitive ones. Furthermore, the application of both punitive and rewarding methods in Iranian TV series has been less scientific compared to of foreign series.

This article is based on a research carried out in IRIB Research Center in 2005. The study examines parents’ views on the negative impacts of TV on children between 7 to 12 years of age. These impacts are categorized into two groups: “The direct effects of negative education” and “indirect behavioral effects”. The direct impacts of TV on children are represented in the following behaviors: eating less nutritious foods, using habitual phrases, using improper expressions, imitating violent behaviors, having improper expectations, mimicking inappropriate adult behavior in using drugs, imitating rude behaviors, having risky behaviors.As for the indirect impacts of TV on children, the following cases are noticeable: going to bed late, getting up late, little study, inactivity, doing homework haphazardly, doing homework late, spending little time for talking to family members, having a less close relationship with adults, and fear of war reports and physical problems.

The present article is based on a study carried out in IRIB Research Center in 2004. It presents the results of a content analysis which was carried out on the Iranian TV series using educational methods. Some of these results are as following:-41 percent of parents employed an authoritative educational method in the series.- Parents approach towards their sons was meaningfully more despotic than towards their daughters.-In 27 percents of the cases, parents and their children settled their differences through agreement.At the end of the article several suggestions for presenting family in TV series, particularly regarding children’ education, have been put forward.

The present article is based on a study carried out in IRIB Research Center by the authors in 2002. Employing the method of “Content Analysis”, the researchers investigated the image presented of family in the following Iranian TV series: “Northern Green Roads”, “Neighbors”, “Youth”, “Heart Fire”, “Alien”, “Paternal House”, “Unresolved Cases”, and “Family Restaurant”. The researchers compared the presented families in these series considering the following variables: Family members, age, education, profession, social status, financial condition, being urban or rural, structure, stability, the relationship between the members, parents’ multiple roles, religious beliefs, women dressing, type of interaction, etc.

This article is based on a study carried out in IRIB Research Center in 2003.The study aims to explore parents’ views on the impacts of TV commercials on their children. Of the interesting results of the research are the following:-The higher the level of parents’ education, the less trust in television commercials. -Children are more interested in educational ads than commercial ones.-Around four fifth of children request their parents to get the advertised goods.-Goodies are the most requested stuff by children.-Making children aware of the advertisers’ goals is one of the best ways of controlling them.