نشریه دانشور پزشکی
پیاپی 76 (شهریور 1387)

Tumor development is identified by an imbalance between proliferation and apoptosis. The mutation of suppressor genes such as P53 and overexpression of C-erb-B2 as an oncogene are important factors in carcinogenesis. The overexpression of ki67 has been demonstrated in different tumors. Our knowledge about C-erb-B2 and its correlation with cellular proliferation in oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) has not been elucidated.

The aim of study was the comparison of Ki67, P53 and C-erb-B2 immunoreactivity in well – differentiated SCC of tongue.

This study was a descriptive. Five sections of well differentiated SCC were prepared and stained by immunohistochemical (IHC) method. IHC slides were examined for Ki67, P53 and C-erb-B2 for positive staining by counting positive cells per 1000 epithelial cells labeling indexes (LI) were calculated and LI means were achieved. The correlation test was used to compare the results.

The mean numbers of Ki67, P53 and C-erb-B2 positive cells were 399.4±42.97, 221.4±330.32 and 26.8±27.22, respectively. The correlation test was shown the positive correlation between Ki67 and P53 (p<0.02, r=91.5%). There was not any positive correlation between Ki67 and C-erb-B2 (p<0.97, r= -1.7%) and also P53 and C-erb-B2 (p<0.8, r= -13%).

Immunoreactivities of P53, ki67 and C-erb-B2 were positive in tongue well-differentiated SCC. The positive correlation was seen between P53 and ki67 expression.

Saffron (thread-like reddish colored stigmas of Crocus sativus L. flowers) was used in traditional medicine for cancers and infectious diseases. Recently, anti-tumor, cytotoxic, anti-mutagenesis and antioxidant activities of saffron metabolites, especially its carotenoids (crocins and crocetin), have been reported.

Since the saffron is used as a spice for food flavoring and coloring and it is also used as a traditional herbal drug, in this study the effect of saffron water soluble carotenoids was assessed on cell mediated immune response in a BALB/c mice model.

Crocus sativus L. stigmas were collected during flowering season and air dried at 25 ° C in the dark. First, dried stigmas (100 mg) were successively and exhaustively extracted with light petroleum and diethyl ether in a Soxhlet extractor in the dark to remove non-glycosidic carotenoids, lipids, picrocrocin and odor compounds. Then, for separation of water soluble carotenoids, stigma sample was extracted with distilled water in a 10-mL ground-glass stopper tube in a boiling water bath for 20 min. Then, the suspension was centrifuged at 3000 x g and at 10 ° C for 20 min to separate the vegetable tissue residue. The different doses of extract were injected to six groups of four BALB/c mice. The delayed-type hypersensivity (DTH) response and cell viability (MTT test) were performed to determine cell mediated immunity.

Splenocytes that were extracted from treated mice with 10 or 20 mg/kg of water soluble carotenoids of saffron have shown a significant (p<0.05) decrease in cellular viability at the absence of mitogene stimulation in vitro, and a significant decrease was observed in splenocytes cellular viability of mice that have been treated with 20 mg/kg of water soluble carotenoids in the presence of mitogene. In this study, all used doses did not have any significant effect on DTH response (p<0.05).

Results of the present study showed that water soluble carotenoids of saffron have a dose-dependent effect on cell mediated immune response. Further studies on other mechanisms such as cytokine patterns are needed for exact evaluation of immunomodulatory effects of saffron carotenoids.

Swiss plus dental implant is one of the many different implant systems that have been proposed recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate survival rate of Swiss plus dental implants and surrounding soft and hard tissue based clinical and radiographic parameters.

In a post perspective observational descriptive study, 106 patients (47 women and 59 men) in age range 21 to 76 year were evaluated clinically and radio graphically. These patients were treated by 271 Swiss plus dental implant which were restored by fixed (205) or removable (58) prosthesis. Clinical and radiographic parameters were measured and recorded around each implant. The data were analyzed by SPSS soft wire and descriptive statistical tests include mean.

Implant survival rate was 97.8% until loading and 97% until end of study. There was no fistula or suppuration around soft tissue in clinical evaluation. The plaque index was 0 in 55.9% of implant. The bleeding index was zero in 66% implants. The mean of probing pocket depth was 2.32 mm. The mean of marginal bone loss was 0.77mm. There was significant correlation between marginal bone loss and probing pocket depth (p<0.01) such as between marginal bone loss and plaque index.

Within the limitation of this study, survival rate of Swiss plus implants was 97% and was in the range of other successful systems.

The experience of psychological, biological and bodily processes related to menstruation mostly because stress, so these signs and their interfering with daily living emphasize attention to this phenomenon.

Design of this research is causative-comparative. Because of this, 50 female students were selected from one of the high schools of Tehran central area, and 100 female students were selected from one of the universities of Tehran, by voluntary sampling method. Subjects were experienced two times: first time, from before a week of menstruation to first or secondary day after menstruation and second time, during 10 or 15 days after last day of menstruation. Each time, subjects completed “Symptom Checklist-90- Revised”. Data was selected by SPSS and using paired samples t – test.

Significant differences were reported in bodily complaint, depression, obsessive compulsive and anxiety facets between menstrual and no menstrual periods, in female students of high schools, and only in bodily complaint facet between menstrual and no menstrual periods, in female students of universities.

Reduction of reported psychological facets from female students of the high schools to female students of universities, between menstrual and no menstrual periods, could be explained according to “Response shift theory”. It means that female students of the universities may have more opportunities for adjusting premenstrual symptoms than female students of high schools.