نشریه عرفان اسلامی
پیاپی 6 (زمستان 1384)

Gnosticism means cognition and recognition of yourself and your God and it is awaring of secret signs of life and world but knowing about everything and reaching to unveiling by witness.This thought bad been at the beginning existance of man and Adam. But its correlation formed when prophets, Makers of whole someness, leaders,reflectives and Imams had appeared.In Islamic Sufism and Sufism and gnosticism, most of sufies and gnostics sent its Initiatic chain to our prophte,presence of Ali and honour companions of our prophet(peace be upon him) and then to Subordinates, subject of subordinate,obstainers and bondsmen,until Abo Hashem Koufi, Sofyan Suri,Maroof Karkhi and others appeared. In sixth and seventh century some characters like the greatest Master Shahabedin Abo Hafs and Omar Mohammad Sohrevardi established sohrevardieh denomination which in this article it is taken care of the life and efforts of great ones of this initiatic chair and spreading of gnosticism and Islamic Sufism In semi-continent also critical ideas are presented on sufism and gnosticism denomination in semi-continent.

There is no doubt that the fields of mysticism and Tasavvof in Iran were the unique fields which there were no distinction between man and woman.The reason is that the mystic exaltation is a spiritual travelling,however that is the body that maight make distinctions,not the soul.There seems many factors in approaching women to the mysticism and Tasavvof, specially the desires of woman to get to the highest stages of spiritual evolution.Studying the biographies of mystic and suffi women shows that the family relationships not only is one of the most important reasonsof women's approach to mysticism, but also it have created desire ti the field among other women.This paper deals with the subject and covres biographies of some of great iranian mtstic women.

In this article which is the product of studying in Naser khosro’s poetical works in the way of delibration in his thoughts and Gnostic opinions we have shown that however at the first glance it is difficult for a poet like him with his wmphasize on intellect and authority to be desposed on gnosticism and heartfelt affairs, but going depp in to his poetical works will show to every reflective and equitable reader that although we can’t know Naser khosro as Gnostic.groups like Attar and Molana,but H dare claim that there are so much elements based on the Koran in his poetical book that if everybody only wants to amass and explain his Gnostic verses can claim Naser khosro is a perfect.In this article the most necessary and concepts of Gnostic elements is indicated.the writer of these lines tried to prove the Gnostic views of Naser khosro in his book is so much that studying and thinking in them don’t canfess the reader of his poems but after studying of this article he’ll revise in treating and his early views about Naser khosro.

Sufiism training poetry reached it’ s zenith in the 6th, 7th and 8th century.The bed of this intellectual movement was social confusion arising from aliens domination and invation of our country,led to massacre, demolition, destruction and subsequently despairing of Iranian people. The opinions of philosophy, mysticism and ethics instructors relieved people and soothed their sufferings.There were three manners of Sufiism training poetry in this era including: practical philosophy,theoretical philosophy and occult philosophy.These three manners of poetry are inspected in this article, considering the O’hadi’s Jame-Jam, Sanaii’s Hadigheh and After’s Man teghottair.

“Abdolghader Bidel Dehlavi was the greatest indian poet who said persian poems. He was born in a military family with gnostic tenden cies in Dehli in 1054.He lost his parents in his childhood and then his Dervish uncle who was called Mirza Ghalandar protected him.In attention to his natural aptitude and his uncle’s guidances, Bidel improved and attained perfection. Finally because he was acquaintance with the thought of great gnostics and sufies,persian language and culture he attained perfection in poems and poetry in Inian Branch.Islamic gnosticism and Indian philosophy surge in Bidel’s works.At last he handed down over 100000 verses and some proses.Then he died in Dehli in 1133 when he was 79 years old.And was buried in the court-yard of his house.In forth of Safar which is the day of Bidel’s death a magnificent celebration named Orse Bidel was hold by his friend each year.

Shah Nematollah valli who was born in Halab in 731(Hegira) and died in 832(Hegira) or in another narrative in 834 in kerman.And he was baried in mahan.He was a poet gnostic who has tested different style of poetic gifts.He has tought gnostic notes and humours in his poetical work.One of his poems and thoughts characteristic was his view relation to intellect and like other gnostics he has divided it in two kinds.He has known and praised general intellect as a deputy of God but he’s despised partial intellect or living intellect.In this article eighty six characteristic and qualities are mentioned about partial and arithmomancer intellect.

This article has paid to the relation of Molana’s gnosticism with view points of Modernism, Modernity and revival terdency and it claims that gnosticism is the lodder of heaven.But you don’t think it dosen’t have any relation with Modern and new thoughts.Specially in Molana’s gnosticism which has a new message for human.we can see more relationships with regards to thinking basis.But from a point of view it has sympathy with basis of extra- Modernity and post-Modernism.Molana propagandizes science and tallent tendency in it’s general meaning and from fanaticism and imitation.He believes in philosophy of love and beauty. And advocates from multitude tendency,unity of religions,indulgence and negligence and respect to opponents.

At the beginning of complication and manifestation of gnostic works, gnostic poets and writers had always cobsidered reproach of appetitive soul in the school of Islamic gnosticism so that it is in less gnostic books which appetitive soul hasn’t been despised in view of gnosticism.For more inoformation,we’ll completely study this problem in view of spiritualist sufies and breaved gnostics in this article.

Master of Shahabedin omar Sohrevardi (539- 632 A. h) The author of the famous book: Avarefolmaaref, has answeres to eighteen questions of khorasan’s men of knowledge. These questions are about intermission and interval, selfishness, privacy or service (of God), servies and seclusion, act of companions, Khika, wearing, studing, solitude in sufi centre, using of grace, rejection and acceptance, changing goodness to evil and vice versa, evecation, real master and attention to worldy affairs. It’s Arabic text is printed with effort of (may he be ever remembered) Doctor Ahmad Taheri Eraghi in» Articles and studying«magazine number 49-50 in 1369.