فصلنامه خانواده پژوهی
پیاپی 16 (زمستان 1387)

The present study is aimed to compare family structure percepted and ideal between parents and their young adult children. 367 families (n =1128) inclu-ding father, mother, and a young adult child (15-29) were selected randomly through cluster sampling among fami-lies inhabited in Tehran, Isfahan, Tab-riz, Sanandaj, and Khoramabad. All three members completed Family Ad-aptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (third version, FACES-III, Ols-on et al., 1985) separately. Before car-rying out the questionnaires, demog-raphic information of family mem-bers was adopted by an interview.The results of the present study indicatethat there is no significant generation gap in the field of family structure and function (at perceived and ideal levels) and most of the families are placed in a balanced family system. Although, from the perceived family structure point of view, both fathers and mothers have perceived their family structure as “flexible-cohesive”, their young children have perceived their real family structure as “disorganized-cohesive”. Also, a general addup of the five cities being studied revealed that all three members, including father, mother, and child, described their ideal family structure as “disorganizedcohesive”. In other wor-ds, they wish more cohesion and flexibility. Moreover, comparing the results is indicative of significant differences between perceived and ideal conditions of youth as well as perceived and ideal conditions of parents. In order to explain the plac-ement of family in a balanced condition and the absence of gener-ation gap, we relied on the balanced family system with a more positive condition in comparison to other family systems and leads to balance and healthy family function. Appro-priate adaptability and cohesion in these systems are among the healthy functioning and family structure criteria in circumplex theory of Olson and many other structural theories of family. They might be of the impor-tant factors of intergenerational solid-arity and agreement. Yet, while expla-ining parents’ and children’s differe-nces in cohesion and adaptability conditions, investigators believe that several factors result in different or contrast parent-child views regarding communication (real or hypothetical): different experience of stressors, social environment, different expectations.

He purpose of this study was to in-vestigate the effectiveness of the triple p-positive parenting program on psy-chological well-being of mothers of children with oppositional defiant dis-order (ODD). Four schools of Naha-vand were randomly selected.30 mothers whose children scored above cut-point on oppositional defiant disorder subtest of Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL) and their problems were also clarified by the Teacher Report Form (TRF) were selected.General health questionnaire (GHQ-28) was completed by mothers. 20 m-others who scored below cut off point in general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) were randomly selected and allo-cated to the experimental and control groups. Experimental group received Triplep for 8 weeks, each sessions two hours per week. Upon the completion of the training, the General health questionnaire (GHQ-28) was admini-stered as a post-test to both groups of mothers. Data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U procedure. The results indicated that there is a signi-ficant difference between experi-mental and control groups after tra-ining. Experimental group revealed a signi-ficant decrease in subscales of phy-sical symptoms, anxiety and depr-ession after training (p<0/05). No Sig-nificant difference was found between two groups in subscales of malfun-ctioning after training (p=0.15).

In this Research for Examining the social Situation of children in poly-gamous Families, the Quantity of So-cial Capital of children in such Kind of Family Structure has been Mea-sured. For studying this Question the Survey Method and Questioner Tool were used.The Sample is composed of 400 The-ranian Citizens in Three Parts (3th,6th and 11th).Results of research shows that people of the society have a negative view on children who are living in polygamous families.Base on Peirre Bourdieu theory, So-cial Capital consists of 4 indices: no-rmality, security, mutual trust and pa-rticipation. All of these indices have been evaluated in very low level. Acc-ording to this research, people prefer to keep much distances in their social interaction with children of polyg-amous families.

This article is aimed to assess some effects of "Student's Marriage Prog-ram", which is established annually in universities and is supported and enco-uraged by them. The basic questions are: (1) are Student's marriages sta-ble?, and (2) do the marriages posi-tively influence educational attainm-ent, keeping cultural patterns, and oth-er dimensions such as adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and person-ality systems of the participants?To answer these questions and to ex-plain the subject, an integrated theoretical model is planned by reviewing related literature. The method was "Survey Research". The tool for gathering data was a questionnaire. The sample was 602 students who were participated in the program in 5 branches of Islamic Azad University. The results showed two-fold directions: First, supporting and encouraging the program by uni-versities positively influences adap-tation, goal attainment, integration, and personality systems of partic-ipants. Second, it has a paradoxical, positive and negative influence on the inherent role of the higher education institutes to educate individuals.

This study investigated the mediation role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between dimensions of family communication patterns (conv-ersation and conformity orientations) and mental health. Participants were 385 (190 girls) selected from high schools of Shiraz city.Participants completed the modified version of Schutte Scale, Revised. Family Communication Patterns Inst-rument, and General Health Quest-ionnaire. The path analyses showed that (a) conversation orientation was a posi-tive predictor of mental health while conformity orientation was a negative predictor, (b) conversation orientation in comparison to conformity orient-tation was a significant predictor of emotional intelligence and (c) emoti-onal intelligence was a mediator var-iable between conversation orientation and mental health. Implications and suggestions for the future studies are discussed.

The objective of the present research is to study the effect of emotional intelligence training on mental health of mothers with educable mental retarded children. In order to select research sample, screening method was used in manner that after comp-letion of a General Health and Emo-tional Intelligence Questionnaires by educated mothers 25% of them who had taken the lowest score (48 per-sons) were selected, then the selected sample was divided into two test and control groups.Both groups completed Goldberg general health questionnaire (28-entry form) at pretest and Bar-N emotional inte-lligence. Then exprimental group was educated for 15 sessions for emotional intelligence. The statistical methods used at the present research are des-criptive and inferential. Exprimental group in pretest and posttest courses showed a meaningful difference and training emotional inte-lligence has had significant effects on total score of mental health as well as its indices in posttest and has imp-roved it. Exprimental and control groups comp-arison shows that there is significant difference between posttest for both groups indicating that emotional intel-igence training has had effects on mental health and improved emotional intelligence of the mothers.

Reproductive health is one of the nec-essities and prerequisites of sustain-able development in contemporary world. In recent years, global attend-ance to this issue has been raised.Since the international conference on population and development in 1994 at Cairo, some countries have tried to improve the standards of reproductive healthHowever, high differences between world countries in reproductive health indicators are remained yet.In this article, first, we have demon-strated different aspects of reprod-uctive health in many regions of the world. Second, most important factors which affect reproductive health have been explained. Secondary analysis is applied as our research method. Data are used from Reproductive Health Report (2006) and Environmental Sus-tainability Index (2005). The sample constitute of 167 countries that their data were accessable. Findings show that the mean of reproductive health in Western Europe and North America is more than other regions of the world. Also, the least amount of reproductive health found in Africa and Asia. In addition, we have clarified that cultural variables especially education is very important in explaining dependent variable bes-ides economic variables such as inco-me per capita.