نشریه افق توسعه آموزش پزشکی
سال چهارم شماره 1 (تابستان و پاییز 1389)

Many educational psychologists believe that learning conditions must be so organized that every universal based on their ability to pay the learning activity, so many studies have been done in the field of electronic learning system combination (merger and targeted training in person E-Learning)so far. In the present study the aim is to assess the awareness of the faculty of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in e-learning. In this cross sectional descriptive study the participants were chosen among the faculty members of Ahvaz University Medical Sciences. The number of the participants was based on pilot sampling and sample size formula (to the number of D = 50). The tool for information gathering was a questionnaire planned by the researcher. After collecting the data, it was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS v.13. Our results showed that 50% of faculty members were aware of the e-learning process, 52% knew how to use computers, access the Internet and presented lessons with a power point and 46% needed more education in programs like word, windows, spss, excel. Also there is a significant relationship between knowledge and experience (p=0/03). Considering the unavoidable limitations of electronic techniques, teaching through e-learning system and face to face classes are recommended in the University of Medical Sciences.

Web-based educational technology has provided opportunities for using new and effective learning methods in the recent years. Some of the high ranked universities began to distribute online education and benefit from it. This research is designed to evaluate the feasibility and needs for implementing e-learning projects in Fasa University of Medical Sciences and the students’ willingness to contribute in them. two hundred students entered the study. To identify the preconditions، we used a standard questionnaire containing 26 questions in 6 categories using Likert scaling. Fifty three students were female while 47% male. The most important factors in promoting e-learning projects were learning abilities through media، access to technology، communication skills، internet groups and motivations. Students of Fasa University of Medical Sciences had relatively appropriate inclination for e- learning.

Roots of generative learning theory (GLT) return to Wittrock’s cognitive neural researches in 1974. He emphasizes on deep understanding and learning، which are constructed by learners through generating relationships between new information with each other، or old knowledge with new information that leads to the learner’s generation of a new meaning. In this article first we describe GLT briefly then design a model to be applied to teaching-learning process. The model steps are: analyzing، identifying learning outcome، concept and context expressing، prerequisites describing، work space providing، generating relationship and meaning، learning delivery، evaluation، resource and information gaining tools، supporting and facilitating and finally knowledge generation. In fact the goal of GLT and design model is based on learner’s deep understanding of the subject.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of the curriculum of virtual education which is done through cohort method. In this study the quality of the curriculum is studied according to nine elements of Francis-Klein and one added element. For achieving the mentioned research aim، two questions are asked: 1-How much is the quality of the courses of virtual education of Ferdowsi University with course separation، according to curriculum elements? 2-How is the quality of the curriculum of virtual learning from the view of students? The study group included 210 students which have chosen their courses virtually in 1388. The data is gathered through a questionnaire. For evaluating، the reliability of questionnaire the content is evaluated and it is calculated by α krahba 0. 89. The analysis of the data is done at two levels which are descriptive and Inferential Statistics. The results of the study showed that the quality of the curriculum of virtual education of Mashhad Ferdowsi University has an appropriate quality from the point of aim elements، content، page plan، educational material، categorization، time، environment and evaluation، the learning activities have average quality، and categorization، element has an in appropriate quality. The quality of curriculum of virtual education of this university is appropriate. Also among all courses، Nahjolbalaqeh had the best and Mathematics had the lowest quality level.

In the past if the training of learners، was done only by teachers and trainers and the book was considered as the principal source of information in education، today new communication tools and environments are used for training. The aim of this study is to review the mixed long-term perspectives of E-Learning from the view of the faculty of Ahwaz University. In this cross_ sectional descriptive study of the faculty of Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences the number of faculty is based on pilot sampling and sample size formula (to the number of D = 50). The tool for information gathering was a questionnaire planned by the researcher. After collecting the data، it was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS v. 13. Our findings showed that 95% of these faculty members considered as professionals believed that the best long-term strategy was to present e-lessons and 5% supported that creating motivation in more experienced and older instructors for presenting e-lessons was the most impractical strategy. The findings of this study showed that increasing the quality of learning، ease of access to high volumes of information، increasing quality، accuracy and reliability of the contents of the textbooks، and improving the knowledge of teachers، which are the most important achievements if information technology، can be done through an appropriate strategy.

According to the instructions by Iranian ministry of health and medical education، Continuous medical education (CME) is essential to maintain good knowledge level among health professionals to able to provide promising health services. But in practice it encounters challenges. Soon after set up of regulations for health professionals to attend CME courses، according to large size of country، restriction of healthcare human resource in far areas and busy diary of them، non-attendance courses was defined and advertised. These courses were of two main categories: web-based training or computer based training. In current short review author have focused on what have done over electronic CME programs and various aspects is discussed. These programs were conducted with various pedagogies in different centers while no evidence was established prior to commence. In current manuscript electronic education technologies are described and usability of them including advantages and disadvantages are debated.

This research aimed on the evaluation and rating factors effective in succeed of E-learning method from the view of faculty members of Fasa University of Medical Sciences. To identify the main factors، we used a questionnaire designed by the investigators; consisted of 35 questions about the effective factors in 7 categories. Each question has a 7 levels’ rating scale. the studied cases were totally 30 people; 78% male and 22% female. Among them 27% of them were university lecturers for more than 10 years. Upon their ideas، the most important factors in promoting e- learning method in the university were technological factors، authorities، education sources، level of information، factors related to circumstances and available electronic resources; the mean of mentioned factors were 6. 27، 5. 27، 5. 59، 5. 58 5. 49 and 5. 1 respectively. This study suggests the technological factors as the most important aspect in promoting e- learning. Considering the high expenses which establishment of these facilities may need، it might be better that universities in one geographic area contribute in supplying the essential infra structures and developing electronic education.

With entering to information and communication technology age، the education field is one of the first fields that have faced extreme changes. The practical usage of information and communication technology has caused educational environments move toward becoming virtual. Although this issue creates lots of chances، it generally creates a problem in the field of education and especially in the field of e-learning; and that’s lack of communication and interaction between the learner and trainer. From the point that face-to-face interaction in e-learning especially in some practical lessons which are mainly related to laboratories and different media is one of the necessities، this problem is highlighted more. The solution that’s chosen by e-learning is “synthetic education approach”. Synthetic education generally means using more than one method، strategy technique، or media in education، for presenting lessons and content. This method of education is called the second wave of virtual education by Marsh and others in 2003 and is supported as a new approach in educational curriculum in which a mixture of electronic and face to face equipment and also student and teacher-centered methodologies are used. In other words this approach is able to create separate multi-dimensional structures، in harmony with all factors of education center besides using theories and new educational techniques، software and web for creating education centers and distance cooperative learning. This approach tries to mix the principals of cognitive learning and social constructivism and gather the elements of three education systems which are informative، enabling، and creative. Using this method in e-learning system have advantages such as achieving high quality in learning by mixing communication-informative technologies inside various learning centers for supporting face-to-face and virtual education، reducing the fees of getting access to necessary basic and expensive information in technical research، making the process of organizing and presenting material flexible، assigning the learner as the center of learning process by creating some mental challenges، involving learners in organizing educational affairs، clear explanation of lesson contents، evaluation and its rubrics، shortening the learning diagram for all learners، strengthening learner activities by using problem solving methods and asking questions with group cooperation and safe competition in an active structure، and etc. According to the necessity of the mentioned issues and its essentiality in using e-learning، in this article it is tried to discuss the meaning، principles، methods، and also the advantages of using synthetic education in e-learning.

Regarding to the increasing development of information technology، the importance of E-leaning application in educational programs has been evaluated by asking from the continuous medical education program participants. It is an analytical descriptive study based on field. Collecting the data is done through 450 questionnaires in the form of simple randomizing. 310 questionnaires have been returned. Likert scale (few=1، average=2، more=3، very more=4) was used to evaluate the variables. Data was analyzed by the SPSS software. The reliability of survey based on kronbakh`s alpha is equal to 0. 804. Outputs have been obtained with preference and total frequency distribution means by scale of 4 as follows: Influence of E-Learning on saving time was 3. 21، the success of E-Learning in updating the learners’ knowledge was 3. 19، and the success of E-Learning in promoting knowledge was 3. 07. The understanding of participants of E-Learning programs showed the lowest mean as 1. 86. Considering the low understanding of learners about e-learning، more activities should be done by officials in order to better introduce and promote it.

Medicine always has an important role in different societies. Because of this importance، best education must be used for medical students to reduce medical errors. Increasing practical learning and quality of educations for medical students is one of these solutions. In traditional educations، medical students learn in a real situation that has high risks and many limitations. One of the solutions for this problem is developing virtual spaces. Simulation and virtual reality are good choices for this aim. Advantages of education through virtual spaces are: increase health and safety of patients، decrease medical errors and decrease treatment cost. This article reviews medical education topics that simulation and virtual reality can improve them and also discuss about the limitations of this method.

e-learning techniques as a method of training individual is considered that the potential learners are able to achieve educational goals. The aim of this study was Short term solutions from the perspective of a combination of E-Learning Faculty of Ahwaz. in this cross sectional descriptive study attend faculty of Ahwaz University Medical Sciences. The number of faculty based on pilot sampling and sample size formula (to the number of D = 50). the tool for information gathering was a questionnaire made by the researcher. After collected data analysis with descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS v. 13 Our results showed that 83% of faculty members believe that design software provider of education services attractive and friendly to Iran as the best solution and the 17% believed that only e-learning solution «for develop business students as the non-applicated solution. Considering that the education system in Iran as well as the use of information and communication technologies slowly changed in the result the using information technologies that increase process efficiency Training in all areas were very fruitful.

The field of education has been undergone profound changes. Such process requires practitioners to apply the scientific and rational method in planning، management، Performance and evaluation instruction on based modern technologies. On the other hand، it requires rapid exchange of information and communications in e-learning environments. E-learning with using systematically information and communication technologies for teaching and learning process can provide an environment different from the traditional teaching environment. However، one important problem in this kind of education is the method used in terms of quality، so that can associate a real learning environments and interactive communication of professor – student as essential requirements of the quality of education in electronic environments. In this context، application of the idea of Web 2 at e-learning instruction with common characteristics such as decentralization، further facility in designing interfaces، nature of interaction، producing content with active participation of users and greater transparency in the flow of information، has created new developments in the field of e-learning. These developments were dramatic enough that the educational professionals mentioned them as flow evolution of e-learning from one to two. E-learning 2 on the one hand، deals with the application of social adjustment theory in order to create content production systems; and on the other hand as a means of communication - interaction with collective partnership and removing the restrictions، could collect wisdom and prevent commercialization of knowledge after open development.

During these years professors has used many different educational helping tools، these can help to teaching and learning such as: Blackboard، whiteboard، power point، atlas and picture، mileage، film and others. The aim of this study is determination of medical students'' opinions in using of educational helping tools by professors. A cross-sectional study with reliable and valid questionnaire for percent of professors’ using of tools and how much should be use of them and fitness of them with kind of lessons between (0-100)، that fill by medical students. Data analyzed in SPSS 11. 5. From 52 return questionnaires of students، 71. 53 % of professors use of power point، 79. 01 % should be use of power point، atlas and picture are more fit with kind of lessons with 79. 61 %. Using of electronic educational helping tools is prevalent and applicable also، but selection of them is based on kind of lessons.