فصلنامه اقیانوس شناسی
پیاپی 6 (تابستان 1390)

In order to assess the position of ionocyte cells in the gill of juvenile E. coioides using immunolocalization method, 10 specimens were prepared and fixed in the bouin’s solution for 24 h. After fixation, specimens were dehyderated through a graded ethanol series and embedded in paraffin. Then, the serial sections of 5 μm were mounted onto the glass slides. The slides were stained by applying H&E methods for histological examination in ten microscopic field. Primary (IgGα5) and secondary (FITC) antibodies were used for immunohistochemical staining. In this study, fluorescent microscope includes 450- 490 nm filters was used for observation of ionocytes cells. Ionocyte cells are detectable with high frequency of Na+, K+- ATPase in their basolateral membrane, using immunohistochemical method. In the present study, Na+, K+- ATPase was identified in the basolateral membrane of ionocyte cells of gill. As was mentioned, ionocyte cells and subsequently Na+, K+- ATPase could be localized in gill of E. coioides using immunohistochemical method. The results showed that ionocyte cells located in base and inter lamellar situation. The presence of enzyme in the basolateral membrane of ionocyte cells, characterized the role of ionocyte cells in osmoregulation.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reproductive and recruitment patterns of Uca sindensis crab in intertidal zone of Pohl port in Bandar Abbas. The coordinates of sampling area were in latitudes 26 degrees and 45 minutes to 27 degrees and 10 minutes north and longitude 55 degrees and 20 minutes to 56 degrees east with area of 26.4 km2. Samples were monthly taken from October 2009 to September 2010 in the intertidal zone of Pohl port when the tide was ebb. 10 quadrates with area of 5.0X5.0 m2 were used for sampling, as every quadrates excavated to a depth of 30 cm. samples collected were transported to the laboratory. Samples were biometried using caliper with precision of 0.05 mm and eggs counted using the method of Litulo, 2004. Analysis and recruitment curves and frequency distribution of crab population was done by FISAT II software. The results showed that the reproductive pattern in this species was seasonal, and starting from April to August. Ovigerous females in length class of 4.5 to 11.5 mm were more abundant than any other classes with average of Carapace width about 7.56+-2.24. There was linear and direct relationship between carapace width and eggs, and positively relationship between them. Carapace width of Female crabs which carry about 2340 eggs was 4.5 however female crabs with 11,300 eggs was 11.5 mm. Carapace width showed a linear relationship with abdominal width. A peak was observed quite regularly in recruitment that was started in October and most of its value was between June and July months. Finally, this study showed that in the subtropical region of Pohl port, the amount of organic matter and soil temperature were two key factors that have the most effects on reproduction, growth and population of fiddler crabs.

In order to assess the genetic differentiation within and between wild populations of Indo-Pacific king mackerel (Scomberomorus guttatus) five microsatellite markers were used (J43Sc, L42Sc, D61Sc, H96Sc, C83Sc). Population structure and genetic divergence were investigated by 160 individuals from,Lengeh, Dayyer, Boushehr and Abadan in the northern coasts of Persian Gulf. All the markers produced polymorphic PCR products, which amplified of the four populations. Genetic differentiation, as measured by the fixation index, Fst, was determined to estimate stock structure. Results identified one genetic stock with sufficient gene flow between all the four regions to prevent regional genetic differentiation from occurring. Almost 97% of the genetic variation was observed within individuals, 2% among populations and 1% among regions (P<0.001). Results revealed that adopting a single-stock model and regional shared management could probably be appropriate for sustainable long-term use of this important resource.

This survey was conducted to study diets and some feeding indices of dominant and commercial Juvenile Cynoglossus arel in Khuzestan coastal waters. A number of juvenile Cynoglossus arel species was captured in main fishing areas, the western coast (Buseif-Lifeh) and Eastern coast (Bahrekan), of Khuzestan.These animals were sample randomly by shrimp trawl net every month, during March 2006 to December 2007. After catching the fishes, we did biometry (measured the length and weight of fish). Then their abdomens which were opened by scalper and digestive apparatus were hold in 5% formaline and the samples were taken to the lab. In the lab, we first measured the length of fish intestine then digestive contents were ejected and weighted by digital weighting machine. Finally, food items were identified by invert microscope and categorized. The stomach contents of 85 individuals juvenile Cynoglossus arel were analysed. The small size of the individuals collected and the high percentage of full stomachs was (76%) and (24%) impty. The results of vacuity index showed random monthly fluctuations in the values. The highest (65%) and lowest (0%) values were observed in October and March, April and May and October nespectirely. The highest percent empty stomach (66%) and the least percent empty stomach (0%) was observed in March and the highest Feeding Intensity was in March (3.35%) and the least Feeding Intensity in October (0.31%) in east site. In October, the highest percent empty stomach was (64%) and the least percent empty stomach (0%) in April and May and the highest Feeding Intensity in May was (1.51%) and May the least Feeding Intensity in October was (0.25%) in west site. The values of occurrence index (Fp) showed 81.9 for Crustacane followed by Bivalvean (67.5%), Spong (63.5%), Bryozoan (60.5%), Diatome (41.4%), Copepoda (31.2%) and Algae (33.3%). The results showed that Crustacane, Bivalvean, fish, shrimp Spong, Bryozoan are the main food source for Juvenile Cynoglossus arel followed by Diatome, Copepoda and Algae as secondary food source. The values of Numerical diet composition index (Cn) showed 34% for Crustacane followed by Bivalvean (25.18%), Spong (18.95%), Bryozoan (15.16%), Diatome (10.41%), Copepoda (4.97%) and Algae (7.49%). The results showed that high component of diets inculod Crustacane, Bivalvean, Spong, Bryozoan. The results of Repletion vacuity index showed random monthly fluctuations and were different. The highest linear groups percent empty stomach decreased and full stomach increased. The results Index of Relative Emportance showed the highest linear groups include Crustacean, Bivalvean, fish, shrimp and the least linear groups include copepod, sponge and bryozoan.

This study was carried out to evaluate the suitability of formulated diets of Acipenser persicus larvae in comparison with live food. This experiment was studied in the International Sturgeon Research Institute. Growth and survival rates of A. persicus larvae produced from the same female breeder were studied through a period of 40 days. The larvae under study were fed formulated diets (Feed B=diet which was produced in the International Sturgeon Research Institute; Feed C=diet which was imported from France; Feed E=diet which was imported from Belgium) without going through a period of adaptation. The initial weight of larvae (mean±SD) in the experimental group was 121.7±17 mg and their final weight was 1181.4±216 mg. Fish showed normal distribution in terms of initial weight and length. The significant differences of growth and survival were observed among all experimental groups (P<0.05). The results obtained from the experiment revealed that the control and Feed E diets had a significant effect on growth and survival rates of A.persicus larvae. The larvae fed Feed C showed the best feeding and growth indices during a period of 40 days; however the survival rate during 40 days was lower in larvae fed Feed C compared with others. Minimum survival rate belonged to fish fed Feed C (16.5 %), whereas maximum survival rate were reported in the control group. Formulated diets have a poor effect on A. persicus larvae feeding.

Reshaping breakwater is a kind of rubble mound structure that its profile reshapes to a equilibrium one after impinging of waves. In This paper, the effects of wave parameters including significant wave height, peak and mean wave periods, storm duration, as well as structural parameters including water depth at the toe of structure, initial slope of the structure, permeability and stone gradation on irregular wave transmission through reshaping breakwaters have been studied and investigated. The present research has been carried out using the results of hydraulic model tests accomplished in the wave flume of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Center, affiliated to the Ministry of Jihad-e Agriculture, using irregular waves. The results of the research show the variations of wave transmission coefficients versus nondimensional parameters. Moreover, a new relationship has been presented to calculate the coefficients of wave reflection from reshaping breakwaters.

Bulk products are shipped all around the world, in vast tonnages, containing different cargoes. Such a vast movement of bulk cargoes can impose its own problems for marine bulk terminals dealing with the cargo work operation. This research utilizes a novel model, based on the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) in conjunction with the Cause and Effect Diagram and Pareto Analysis, aiming to assist marine bulk terminal operators in reducing the delays in cargo handling operations, and smoothing their loading/unloading activities. The main objective of this paper is to find the main factors causing delays in BIK's cargo handling operation by focusing on quantification of risk assessment by determining the Risk Priority Numbers (RPN) per identified processing of cargo handling operation. The obtained results show that unreadiness of cargo owners, quarantine and port formalities, financial problems, and truck shortage are the main causes of delay in dry bulk cargo operation in BIK.