مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال پانزدهم شماره 6 (هفته چهارم خرداد 1391)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common female endocrine disorder, is a complex disease with unknown etiology. PCOS is characterized by reproductive disturbances including chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. Its prevalence is 4% to 18% among young women. This study aimed to determine the risk factors in PCOS. In this descriptive-analytic study, 81 patients with PCOS referred to Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Reproductive Health Research Center, were studied. A questionnaire included demographic and stress information was used for data collection. Statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS (13 version) software, T-test, and chi- square. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results of this study showed that 45 women (55.6%) suffered from hirsutism, 48 (59.3%) women BMI higher than 26, high stress in 29 women (35.8%), very high stress and in need of immediate intervention in12 women (14.8%). A significant relationship was found between hysteria and hirsutism (p=0.011) and between high BMI and drug abuse (p=0.004). PCOS patients with hysteria signs and high BMI showed more nervous tensions.

Hot flash is a medical complication of menopause and estrogens have been known as its main treatment. Likely due to increased risk of cancers such as breast cancer, use of estrogen is avoided by many patients. Hence, various medicines are taken in replacement of hormone therapy. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of Soy protein on menopausal hot flash. A randomized double-blind clinical trial was done on menopausal women that referred for hot flash symptoms to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd from 2007 to 2009. Ninety women, aged 49 to 55 years were selected and divided into two groups. Soy group (n=45) received 20 gram soy powder for 12 weeks, and placebo group (n= 45) received 20 gram Bread powder at the same time. After 12 weeks, the changes in frequency and intensity of hot flashes of two groups were compared. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 15, T-student and X2 tests. p<0.05 was considerate significant. After 12 weeks, of 45 women in Soy group 34 (77.6%) have improved; while only 6 women (13.3%) in placebo had improvement (p=0.001). Soy protein is a useful, costless and with lower side-effect diet in treatment of menopausal hot flash.

Shortening duration of delivery without endangering mother and fetus is always highly considered by obstetric specialist and mothers. Widely use of Hyoscine N-butyl bromide and Promethazine in hospitals and limited researches with conflicting results in this regard made us investigate the efficiency of Hyoscine N-butyl bromide and Promethazine on length of active phase of the first stage of labor. A provident double-blind clinical trial was done on 188 nulliparous women. They were classified into the Hyoscine N-butyl bromide (48cases), Promethazine (45cases) and control (95 cases) groups. The samples were randomly allocated from cases who were injected 20 mg of Hyoscine N-butyl bromide, 25 mg of Promethazine IM in dilatation 3-5cm, and control group in which no medicine was used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16, t- test, chi-square and ANOVA tests. p<0.05 was considered significant. The mean duration of active phase of labor in Promethazine (5.69±3.45) was shorter than in control group (7±3.44). This difference was statistically significant (p=0.049). However duration of active phase of labor had no statistically significant difference between Hyoscine N-butyl bromide and control groups (p=0.205). However, the mean duration of active phase of labor was not statistically significant in the three groups of Hyoscine N-butyl bromide, Promethazine and control (p=0.140). It seems that Promethazine can be used as an effective drug to shorten the length of laboring in comparison with Hyoscine N-butyl bromide.

Trichomonas vaginalis is the third prevalent cause of vaginitis. Because of lack of precise diagnosing methods and the similarity of its symptoms with other STD, diagnosis of trichomoniasis is not an easy effort. Valid resources pointed out that diagnosis of trichomonas vaginitis merely based on clinical signs is not possible, but on the basis of the test results. Thereupon, this research is accomplished to compare clinical and laboratorial methods in diagnosis of trichomonas vaginitis. This observational research was accomplished on 550 women with vaginitis infection. Eligible women with signs of vaginitis infection were examined and sample of vaginal discharge taken for wet smear testing. Data were gathered by means of interviews and observation forms, and analyzed by SPSS software version 14.5 and descriptive statistics. The tests performed on 550 patients suffering from vaginal infection shows that 54 cases of trichomoniasis were positive. According to the clinical observation of the subjects, 14.54% had infection; while on the basis of microscopic diagnosis 9.81% were trichomonas positive. 10.18% of the patients that were trichomonas positive in clinical observation, their microscopic observation result were negative. The result of investigations indicated that, 5.45% that were trichomonas negative in clinical observation, were positive in microscopic observation. Lake of application of laboratorial method in identifying vaginitis patients may lead to incorrect diagnosis, so it is suggested to utilize laboratorial results in precise diagnosis.Keywords: Clinical diagnosis, Laboratorial diagnosis, Trichomoniasis