مجله دندانپزشکی کودکان ایران
پیاپی 12 (بهار و تابستان 1390)

This descriptive study was designed to assess the current Iranian Dentists’ knowledge and awareness on dental treatment for children under GA. A cross sectional study was designed with a sample size of 290 dentists who were selected from those attended the 43rd annual dental congress of Iranian dental Association. Data collection was attempted using a questionnaire designed specifically for this study. The questionnaire consisted of 26 questions of which 16 were knowledge base and the rest of 10 were attitude related ones. Basic statistics along with Mann Whitney test were employed to analyze the data. From 218 participants 75% were male and 25% female. Of these only 45% stated to have children on their patients list. Majority had received their knowledge on GA from their Dental degree course with 94% having had no personal experience at all. Surprisingly 75% of the dentists had expressed a feeling that GA additional education is needed for their daily practice. Average understanding for knowledge on GA indications was 2.45 and 2.56 for contraindications. For the attitude questions 70% were at the intermediate level, 28% at high level and only 8% had little interest towards GA dental treatment in children. No significant correlation was found between the qua;ity of knowledge and attitude of dentists participated in this study. This was the case for age, gender, university, city of work and year of education.

Bioactive glass is often used as a filler material for repair of dental bone defects.In different studies osteogenic potential of this material was proved, but its dentinogenesis property is in doubt.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histologic pulp responses of Calcium hydroxide and Bioactive glass placed directly on exposed pulp tissues.

20 teeth that must be extracted due to orthodontic reasons were selected. These teeth were divided into 2 groups and treated with direct pulp capping. Calcium hydroxide was used for 10 teeth and Bioactive glass for 10 teeth. After 60 days the teeth were extracted and prepared for histological evaluation. Finally the data was analyzed with Exact Fisher test.

All teeth treated with Calcium hydroxide showed inflammation. Internal resorption was seen in 6 teeth and abscess in 5 teeth and dentinal bridge in 2 teeth. Inflammation was seen in 3 Bioactive glass samples and dentinal bridge in 7 teeth and. Internal resorption and abscess were not seen.

Bioactive glass appear to be superior to Calcium hydroxide as a pulp capping agent in primary teeth.

Quality assurance with concern of improvement in quality and quantity is a major concern of policy makers in administrative and institutions of higher educations in country. The main objectives of quality control in higher education are maintenance and improvement of quality education, improvement in higher education system, and encouragement of institutions for their activities responsibility to ensure the competency of their graduates. The quality evaluation systems in the world are different; however, they have similar aspects that internal evaluation is important part of them. The objective of present study was internal evaluation of Department of Pediatric Dentistry of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 1386 (2007-8). In the present cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study the questionnaires which supplied by Educational Development Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences based on the characterization of department were used to evaluate the activities of Department of Pediatric dentistry academic staff, students, graduate, department staff and dean of department were asked to answer their questions. In this project the process of data collection and judgment included nine domains and ten steps. The domains were goals and objectives of the department, management and organization structure, academic staff, courses and programs of education, process of training and learning, equipments of education and research, students, research, and graduates. According to internal evaluation program all factors evaluated and SWOT analysis carried out. Finally, the recommendations reported for all domains. The results of internal evaluation in Department of pediatric Dentistry showed following percentages in evaluated domains: goals and objectives 65/4%, management and organization 56/2%, academic staff 56/2%, courses and program of education 61/2%, process of training and learning 58%, equipments of education and research 47%, students 55/2%, research 57/6% and graduates 54/6%.The domain of “goals and objectives of the department” was in the highest level and the domain of "equipment of education andresearch" was in the lowest level. Internal evaluation evaluated the present situation of the department and awarded the academic staff to the objectives and activities of department for reaching the objectives. The recommendations and trying to implementation could help to promote quality of education in the department.

Bruxism is one of the oral problems which are potentially harmful to oral health through the destruction of oral tissues and restored teeth. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of bruxism and its relation to oral habits among school children in Tabriz. In this cross-sectional and descriptive study 500 school students of Tabriz were selected randomly. The study was done by questionnaire and examination. Questionnaires were filled by parents and were recollected. Data was collected and descriptive and analytic data was analyzed by SPSS software and Chi-square and Fisher's exact test. Level of significance was defined as less than 0.05. Prevalence of bruxism was about 28%. There was no significant relation between demographic characteristics and prevalence of bruxism. Bruxism was found in at least one of parents among 53.5% of children who had bruxism, while in others this rate was 11.9%. It illustrated that there is significant relation between bruxism and oral habits like nail biting, thumb sucking, and lip biting. Having enough knowledge about bruxism and its risk factors is important to prevent relatedproblems. It is expected higher rate of bruxism in children with oral habits. So it is necessary to have suitable treatment.

There are many syndromes that influenced mental abilities and dental developments, consisting of tooth eruption. The aim of this study is evaluate probable relationship between delay tooth eruption of first permanent molar and intelligence quotient (IQ) in children without any medical problems and diseases. The Dentist sake to record eruption status of first permanent molar in each quadrant, children’s mouths that have necessary criteria, examined using tong-blade under day light. Then Raven’s test was performed in standard qualification for all “cases” and “controls” by a psychologist blindly. “Case” group consisting of all children who was not observed any of their first permanent molars in above the normal age. “Control” group was similar to “case” group but with eruption. Each group was analyzed with T-test. The mouths of 330 boys and 320 girls were examined and 44 persons of them was put in “cases” and “controls” groups to intelligence test was performed (50% of each sexes and equal unit in each groups). IQ in two sexes did not have significant difference (p<0.05). But the mean IQ difference between “case” and “control” groups was about 17 points that was statically significance(p<0.01). There is lower intelligence quotient (IQ) in children who did not have any noticeable medical problems but have delaying tooth eruption in their first permanent molars, in proportion to their counterparts (p<0.01).

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the microleakage of fissure sealant in isolated state and non isolated state. 32 extracted human premolars were stored in a saline solution at room temperature. Two grooves preparations longitudinally occlusal-gingival were prepared in buccal surface of each tooth, one of these grooves in each tooth were filled by fissure sealant, and the other groove has been contaminated with saliva after washing up acid, then filled by fissure sealant. The teeth were thermocycling between 5° C and 55° C for 2000 cycles, then the teeth were immersed in a 0.5% basic fuchsine solution for 24 h. Teeth sectioned longitudinally in a buccal-lingual direction, the sections were examined and a ranked scale was used to score dye penetration. Mann–Whitney U –test and Pearson chi-squared test were used to compare the groups for statistically significant differences at 5% significance level. Statistical analysis did not demonstrate any significant difference in the degree of microleakage of sealants in isolated state and non isolated state (P=0.35). This in vitro study demonstrated that micro leakage was evident in the test group as well as the control group, so saliva contamination for five seconds or less didn’t have any effect in sealants’ microleakage.

Bachground: A 23 years old woman patient presented with the history of bone marrow transplant about 6 years ago.Dental examinations showed rampant caries in almost all over her teeth as a result of lacking saliva. Case report: Following patient information and her acceptance, she was put on a set of energy medicine every once a week and once in 2 weeks regarding to the protocol by an alternative medicine specialist. The first signs of saliva production were felt by the patient after 8 months by her good speech and following the 18 months, she had a better chewing and the dentist could begin the normal dental treatments with ease. The results just show the potential of the energy therapy as a part of alternative medicine to introduce a new era to overcome some of the adverse effects of our routine practice as an adjunct to allopathic medicine.