دو ماهنامه دانشور رفتار
پیاپی 38 (دی 1388)

Besides the fact that by the means of expansion of IT, the face to face communication would be replaced by telecommunications; E-governance influences the public capabilities through having the society’s basic institutions affected. This would be followed by the bases of the sense of developing trust being fundamentally modified. Modern technology gives the way to trust in telecommunications, shortening the distances between states and nations. As a result, the importance of studying the impacts of E-governance on the social institutions and its effect on public trust and social trust is to be highlighted.With a specific emphasis on the moderating effect of different aspects of justice on the nation-state relationships, as well as improving social trust, a survey is utilized in the study to investigate such relations within three groups; naming instructors in the field of public administration, government agents, and students studying public administration. A significant relationship in the study is emphasized between the institutional dynamics of electronic government, increasing perceived social justice, and the level of trust in government to be improved.

The research is conducted with the aim of assessing creativity in an organization. To do so, the literature was investigated, as a result of which a conceptual model was developed being formed of four elements naming problem finding, idea generation, alternatives evaluation, choice implementation.Based on the conceptual model, a criteria assessment questionnaire was developed and handed out among the researchers in research institutions, out of which 212 were returned. Data collected were tested for the study’s hypotheses using LISREL 8.5. Findings indicate that all the four aforementioned criteria significantly influence the creativity.

The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between two variables naming organizational tension and employees’ interest in turnover. The total number of 852 employees of 25 government organizations in Rafsanjan was the study’s population. The bivariate correlation is applied and the other statistical techniques such as Pearson Correlation Coefficient were applied to analyses the data collected. The 10th version of SPSS was applied for the analyses. Findings show that the tension arises fro the improper structure is positively correlated with employees turnover. Moreover, the tensions caused by fluctuations in salaries and lacking occupational safety were proved to have influence on the employees’ interest in turnover. However, the tension aroused by the new technology being adopted in the organization and unusual working conditions were of least importance influencing the employees’ interest in turnover.

Organizational commitment simply means believing in the organization's values and goals, sense of loyalty and emotional attachment to it, obligation and desire to stay in the organization. On the basis of Allen & Meyer theory (1990), O.C. has three components: Affective, continuance, and Normative Commitment. This study examines relationship between organizational commitment and organizational culture. Accordingly our study is based on a major hypothesis and eight minor hypothesis covering dimensions of the organizational culture: 1- individual initiative & tolerance of risk 2-organizational direction 3- management supporting 4-formal control 5- self control 6- Organizational Identity 7-reward system and 8- participation in decision. The methodology consists in survey research, and the use of a questionnaire for gathering required information. Examining hypothesis was performed by using SPSS soft-ware. The statistical population of the study included 150 employees of Iran Dairy Industrial Co. The sample group of 60 employees has been chosen through the random sampling method. Data were analyzed through Pierson index. Testing of the hypotheses in the confidence level of 95% shows that:There is a positive relationship between organizational commitment and organizational culture. On the other hand increase of organizational culture leads to growth in organizational commitment.The eight organizational culture dimensions were compared to determine their impact on the organizational commitment. The dimensions ordered in terms of significance are; 1- self control2- organizational direction3- reward system 4- Organizational Identity 5- tolerance of risk6- participation in decision 7- management supporting8- formal control

So far, most of the studies on the Efficient Market Hypothesis have been devoted to the U.S as well as European capital markets, whereas just a few number of such researches have been conducted in undeveloped (less developed) countries in general, and Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) in particular. The research examines some evidences indicating the lowest status of the Weak Form of Efficient Capital Market Hypothesis in TSE. The sample includes 30 companies registered with the TSE selected using the simple random sampling method. Timing of the study is restricted to the financial years within 1378 to 1384 (in solar calendar). The research is to answer the question if the TSE operates at the Weak Form of Efficient Capital Market Hypothesis. Findings of the study supported by the results of the Parametric and Non-parametric tests indicate that the time-series of stock returns are not consistent with the Random Walk Theory and that the Auto-correlation coefficient rejects the Null Hypothesis at different statistical intervals and levels of assuming a Weak Form of Efficient Capital Market Hypothesis.To keep such studies (on the Weak Form of Efficient Capital Market Hypothesis in less developed countries) being regularly conducted has the potential to considerably support the laws and regulations directing the capital market, and to enrich the supervising standards and to optimize the decisions made by the investors.

The fundamental variables have been used in this study to rank 153 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. Combination of the variables provide financial ratios. Every company in the research was capable of being rated on a 0 to 11 annually (1377 – 81 in solar calendar). A poor positive correlation between the companies’ ranking in each year and its stock return in the subsequent year has been proved in the study as the Cramer's phi coefficients demonstrate. This fact the intense of the relationship has not been significantly modified even by considering some two intervening variables naming the “company’s size” and the “Book-to-Market value (B/M). Still all the coefficients for the study period were considered to be significant.

Team work is a multidimensional concept that has attracted much interest in organizations’ success and has been attracted by many companies for the same reason. However, being not aware of the multidimensional considerations of team work has resulted in organizations being not considerably successful in developing effective teams. As a result, organizations today need the researches the present a comprehensive view on team-work its variables and their interconnections. The paper addresses this point in two sections. First it reviews the literature on team-work effectiveness, and the variables presented in those studies. Taking advantage of a systematic model, the relationship among the variables presented in the model is surveyed the banking system (Agriculture Bank)in the study. The survey is completed by investigating the records and documents and then by two administered questionnaire (one addressed to experts and the other one an attitude-survey addressed to the Bank’s employees). Results are presented after descriptive statistics and inferential statistics being conducted. Finally a model for team-work effectiveness is presented in which the relationship in-between variables are studied.

This paper is extracted from a research project numbered 200/6/977 titled the same, financially supported by Research Deputy of the Qom Pardis of Tehran UniversityOne of the most important approaches towards the recent few decades that dominates the state-sector managers’ mind set has been privatization and downsizing. While some efforts have been put into this, there remains still a long way ahead toward an effective small government. In order for the authorities to be aware of how privatization influences the organizations’ efficiency, some applied researches are required, and this study is meant to fulfill the same purpose. The employee efficiency in state relative to non-state sector in Teharn University is studied in this research. Some hypotheses as to no difference between the efficiency in these two groups were proposed. Following data collection and hypothesis testing, it was established that there exist no difference between state as against non-state employees with regard to efficiency; and since transformation of the state-run affairs to the private sector makes the costs to drop off, therefore the privatization is beneficial for the society; hence the implementation of such policy must be followed.

Paying attention to the control of intangible parameters in the organization’s processes, such as the tension among them, the study proposes a method to identify tensions and keep them controlled in such a way that the management would be able to continuously identify tensions and their related consequences, taking neutralizing measures based on their impact. This proves to helpful in making the organization’s main objectives progressed. The aforementioned method is FMFE and the way it is applied is presented in the paper. After identifying the tensions, a procedure is introduced to prioritize them for control purposes. Using Fuzzy AHP, first the weight (importance) of the FMEA elements are decided. The fuzzy set theory is applied, due to uncertainty about the information in decision making. The TOPSIS method is used then for the purpose of for prioritizing tensions. Finally, the results of applying the proposed method in an organization supervised by Trade Ministry are provided along with the way it has been used and quantities calculated.

The state banks have not succeeded in marketing and attracting customers. The have not been able to draw considerable financial resources. Furthermore, the resources provided have been not at a satisfactory form a qualitative as well as quantitative point of view. The major responsible factor for these problems lays in the banks having a state ownership. Being a service-provider and taking the government policies such as must-pay loans into operation are clearly mentioned in the banks’ statutes. The Central Bank also treats the commercial and professional banks as its branches. There exist a heavy and forceful restricting laws and regulations. Human resources, technology improvement, contracts and many other issues also are not under the banks control. It is of much importance for the banks to identify the influencing factors that impact the clients’ bank choice, as many state banks are getting privatized shortly. The research intends to identify and to rank the influencing factors dominating the clients’ bank choice and then propose some measures to the banking system. Findings indicate that the getting more interest has been the most responsible factor in the choices where private banks had been picked up, and having a quicker access to branches as the most important factor for those who had selected state banks as their choice, with the looking to be the least important factor in their decision. The pattern of the ranking shows the behavioral and attitudinal factors, technology, financial and physical facilities, in the mentioned order have had the highest impact on the clients’ choice for private banks. For the state banks the priority has been given to the behavioral and attitudinal factors, technology, physical and financial facilities. So the behavioral and attitudinal factors in terms of dominating the customers’ choice play the most important role in both state as well as private banks.

The importance of people’s participation in the process of a sustainable development, and their critical presence in determining their own desting which is stressed in the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran has lead to the establishment of Islamic rural and urban councils. In coordination with government and with its support, the Islamic rural councils like local managers can utilize local facilities for increasing rural growth and development. Thus, the present study aimed at determining the factors that influence rural attitudes toward the Islamic rural councils. Hence, a researcher-made questionnaire was administered to the rural population. From 1655 villages of eight central cities in Khorasan (the studied region) 82 villages were randomly selected, and 629 individuals participated in the study who were the heed of families. The results indicated that no significant difference was found between the council’s level of activity and villagers’ attitude towards them. Moreover, no significant differences were observed between the other three variables (council member’s work experience, public facilities in the village, economic status of the council members) and the villagers’ attitude to wards the Islamic rural councils.

The aim of the paper is to identify and to explain the barriers of employees’ participation in ITC’s decision-making. Discussing the subject’s concept and reviewing the literature, four elements naming individualism, safety needs, physiological needs and the subordinates’ negative attitude are hypothesized to be the main obstacles to the employees’ participation in decision-making process. A researcher-made questionnaire was applied to investigate the elements for which the Kronbach α was calculated 81%. The results of the study at a 95% of confidence level indicate that the study’s four elements all create obstacles for the employees’ participation. Moreover, the safety as well as physiological needs were identified to be ranked higher than subordinates’ attitude and individualism culture in a Friedman’s test.

The present study examines the critical factors affecting the application of IT in governmental organizations of industrial provinces in Iran. In the first place, the research problem is defined. Then, the methodology is described. Moreover, the evidence of the failure of this technology is provided in Iran and worldwide. Finally, the results and findings are explained and analysed. Factors derived from previous research materials and the experts’ viewpoints were validated through a survey carried out in a sample of industrial provinces. The results indicated that from 27 factors just tow factors had no significant relationship with the success and failure in IT application in the industrial provinces. Furthermore, the significance of each factor was investigated for different IT applications such as automation, informing and transforming.