مجله توسعه تکنولوژی صنعتی
پیاپی 13 (بهار 1389)

The present material welfare and comfort of mankind is indebted to engineering activities. It is hard to make a clear boundary between interrelated engineering and technology categories. It can be claimed that an engineer''s duty is nothing except a technological one in macro perspective view، though all the technological duties are not engineering by nature. To pay attention to the twenty-year perspective planning of the system and the new Islamic civilization horizon which are the bases of macro-planning of all the country sectors، indicates the importance of the engineers'' role in realization of this ideal. As Iran should stand to gain the highest position in science and technology in the region، undoubtedly the main responsibility is upon experts'' shoulders especially engineers. Generally، an engineer can make a key relation between theories and practical application. He should have، in addition to theoretical knowledge، a constructive and creative thought. Also، while having the skill in achieving the applied and reasonable results، he should be able to lead the group in getting to the goal. What is expected from an engineer is much beyond knowing the collection of fundamental knowledge and new technologies. The general pattern of engineering education system should be in the direction of making a collection of competencies whose content will be brought up in later sections. Although، it is impossible to get to the all mentioned competencies، but at least an especial attention in this area should be paid to the collection of common competencies of the creditable institutions and organizations. In the meanwhile، the prerequisite of many competencies should be prepared in school education period or even before that.

In today''s world where information is considered as one of the main sources of development، the ability to produce and the speed of the access to the information are sources of power، and they are the most important indices of being developed. As an organized، classified، and hierarchical list of a special subject، directory is a place for secure reserving of information with the help of a flexible inquiry mechanism which prepares the access to the data and information more easily، with better quality and security. Directories are effective in facilitating the government decision making and they realize the mulli-disciplinary decision making by classification and ranking of the different elements، variables and components related to an area of decision making. The most general areas of directories are: public area، business، industry and innovation. In this article، by introducing briefly the professional role of the directories in industrial policy making، mentioning the types، indices، and ranking methods، it is tried to show that a directory is not a simple reservoir of data and public information but a tool for determining the policy priorities، the manner of the sources allocation، and the optimum management of the public affairs.

In recent decades، information systems outsourcing has become one of the most important problems of these systems management، and it is still at the stage of theoretical discussions regarding outsourcing (IS) activities. In this research، the backgrounds lead to the information systems outsourcing are mentioned first، in order to reveal more it''s role in upgrading the sectors and services of these systems. Then، six basic factors in outsourcing decision making are taken into account including management، strategy، economic effects، technology، risk، and quality. Therefore، a decision making model is considered in Fuzzy environment using one of the multi criteria decision making methods; in other words analysis hierarchy process (AHP) approach. Due to the present ambiguities among the ideas of different experts، this model produces Fuzzy numerical values for comparing criteria، sub-criteria، and options so that the managers would be able to decide better about the outsourcing strategies for each of the desired information systems.

Despite over a hundred years past of its discovery and industrial extraction in our country، we have not yet reached to an acceptable level of indigenized technology in oil industry. In order to find the reason of this phenomenon، this article has considered and discussed the cultural ground and suitable approach in (macro and micro) policy making as two interrelated factors which are the necessary conditions in indigenization; finally، the strategies and tactics to create and realize those conditions are presented. The article has been compiled in two separate parts because of the lengthy subjects. In the first part، the lack of suitable cultural ground is discussed while studying the concepts. In the second part، unsuitable policy making is studied، and some strategies are presented in order to facilitate the indigenization process.

Membrane technology for the separation of mixtures has gained a considerable attention during the last two decades. It also has a number of applications in industrial and medical realms including gas separation، water desalination، ultra pure water، wastewater reclamation، food and medical application realms. However، selecting the proper one for our country to execute is a challenging decision and the best selection depends on many criteria and attributes. The aim of this research is to determine and discuss membrane application realms available as well as some of the important and essential criteria influencing the decision including logistic، economic، strategic، and technical factors each with some associated sub-criteria. For this reason، multi-criteria decision-making approach is presented to effectively evaluate membrane application realms. We therefore use a number of academic and collegiate experts along with some experienced managers in both the private and governmental organizations to cope with the problem. The analysis of the results obtained in the evaluation process verifies that water desalination has the most priority among others for our country to execute.

In recent years، organized activities in the country have been resulted in creating the growth and development of some scientific and technological indices in the field of nano. Among these indices are the human resource development، and the promotion of the scientific findings level in the form of articles. But in the light of development and utilization of nano technology the wealth fulfillment and social welfare development can only be achieved when the research findings within the framework of technology result in new institutions development، or the improvement of efficiency and competitiveness of the present ones. The challenges and opportunities ahead are reviewed in this article.

The role of international co operations in developing and transferring the technology of commercial catalysts production is studied in this article. The methodology used in benchmarking، preparing and gathering information along with their analysis performed by Kieza technology acquisition model. To specify the benchmarking، the criteria such as development rate، oil resources status، and geopolitics are used. Brazil، Saudi Arabia and Kuwait were the benchmarked countries which have acquired the technologies related to commercial catalyst production through international co operations in recent decades. Based on this study، the common investment is the best method to transfer catalysts technology. The concentration on growing catalysts with export expansion approach is suggested as well.