مجله پژوهش پرستاری ایران
پیاپی 28 (بهار 1392)

Culture is foundation of social ethics and provides answer for why something must be done. In nursing science، ethics makes nursing interaction meaningful. Shahnameh Ferdowsi is a valid evidence for Iranians` culture، values and beliefs. Aim is to develop nursing ethical concepts from Shahnameh Ferdowsi. This study was a content analysis with qualitative approach and inductive analysis. Shahname stories has been searched for “Parastar”، “Parastandeh” and “Parastandegan”. All stories including these words have been studied comparing to a valid interpretation of Shahname. Dependability and Conformability has been achieved by review، repeatedly coresearcher appraisal. Qualitative data has been categorized conceptually through inductive methods. 60 “Parastar”، 235 “Parastandeh” and 54 “Parastandegan” have been found in Shahname investigation. 23 “Parastar” and 6 “Parastandegan” were related to nursing ethics themes. Three themes has been developed as Accountability (consciousness and Confidentiality)، Emotional interaction (Sympathy) and Value interaction (Respectiveness and Beneficience). Modern nursing ethical concepts are compatible with ethical concepts of Shahname. Considering historical role of nurses in addition to clarifying values could build a platform to develop ethical codes for conducting nursing behaviors. Virtue ethics is an appropriate reference for nursing moral education.

Prescriptive authority for nurses has moved forward significantly in some countries. However this authority hasn''t come about for Iranian nurses. We aimed to perform this study in order to find out factors that affecting on prescriptive authority in Iranian nurses. A qualitative approach was used in Jahrom and Shiraz. A sample was chosen based on purposeful sampling method amongst stuff and student nurses. Sample size was dependent on the data saturation with a total 10 participants at the end. Data gathering was done using semi-structured interviews، then data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Four main themes emerged: (a) competency، (b) legal license، (c) change and (d) promotion. The results of this study revealed that prescription by Iranian nurses is possible if the law centers support and verify the prescription task. But since these conditions has not been achieved thus they are needed to more thinking planning and training

Studies showed that many women who use oral contraceptive pill have some adverse effects but often with decrease in dosage of medication these effects disappear within two or three mounts gradually. But continuing the use of medication increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition estrogens contents of OCP increase blood pressure a little. This effect isn’t a significant risk in age under 35 but this is important after 35 and should be administered cautiously. Although many researches was done about cardiovascular effects in different countries but it was an important investigate in Iran. this is a case control study that takes place in 1385-1387. Cases were 300 women with cardiovascular disease (MI، unstable angina، stroke and DVT) and the controls were a group of 300 women without cardiovascular disease with mean age of (49). Measures: we use questioner that contain two parts (demographic information and information about disease and use of OCP) data gathered by interview with participants and use of medical information chart. 49. 1% of cases and 49. 9% of controls were used OCP. Analysis showed no statistical relation between the use of OCP and cardiovascular disease (p=0. 8) but significant statistical relation was found between hypertension، diabetes، hyperlipidemia، and use of tobacco with cardiovascular disease (P<0. 0001). with regard of increase of cardiovascular risk factors in these patients change in life style is essential. Although we didn’t find association between the use of OCP and cardiovascular disease but more study should be done.

Depression is a debilitating condition and is one of the most common and serious disorders that threaten human physical and psychological health that places an enormous burden on society an important component of the economic impact of depression is lost productivity in the workplace. Considering nurses role in health system and necessary for high motivation in work place to health security about this grand group and referral persons to them، we accomplished this research to studding of mental health nursing staff in educational hospitals affiliated to Kurdistan medical sciences university. The objective of this study was survey and Comparison of Depression prevalence between shift work nurses in education hospitals of Kurdistan medical science university. The study was carried out using a descriptive-analytic method the population under study included 380 nurses from beast، tohid and gods hospital in sanandaj city. 314 nurses (219 femal and 95 male) were evaluated (between January 2009 to may 2009) by census method. Data were gathered through the questionnaires containing demographic information and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Statistical was done by chi-score and t-test using spss win software. In this study 42% of the total samples were not depressed and depression rate of mild، moderate and severe type were 37. 3%، 15. 9% and 7. 4% respectively. Prevalence of depression in Major depression in night shift nurses was 5. 6% and in daily shift nurses was 3. 4%. The mean value of depression in daily shift samples was not significantly different from that of night shift samples. There was not significant correlation between depression and demographic characteristics such as age، gender، marital status، job history and educational level. But relationship between depression and job position was significant (P=0. 01). Nurses mental health to several causes toward other community people exposed to risk. Our results show a high prevalence depression in nurses. So، paying more attention to shift work nurses'' health، particularly female nurses، through shift work education program، occupational health consulation and periodical examinations is recommended.

One of the most important causes of mortality and life threating problems is cardiovascular diseases. American Heart Association (AHA) estimated that، approximately 25million death occurs because of cardiovascular disease till 2020، and this will be recognized as first cause of mortality. Studies show that control and decrease of risk factors، decrease of Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD). The aim of this study was determining the effect of education on knowledge and attitude of patients who hospitalized in CCU and Post CCU of Mustafa Khomeini hospital of Ilam city about Risk Factors of Cardio-Vascular Disease in 2009.

This study is a Descriptive study and Interventional that 96 patients of CCU and Post CCU of Mustafa Khomeini hospital of Ilam were selected by Simple Random sampling. After education، knowledge and attitude of patients was assessed in respect of cardiovascular risk factors. Finally، collected data analyzed by SPSS package، chi – square، Fisher exact، Parried T – tests.

Patients knowledge in Respect of cardiovascular disease pre (25. 93) and post (36. 19) education، had a significant difference (P<0. 001)، also in respect of education of couple (P<0. 03) and sex (P<0. 05). in case of attitude mean score there was significant difference between pre (23. 5) and post (35. 7) education، There was significant statistical correlation between education and age (P<0. 05)، education level (P<0. 01)، education level of couple (P<0. 05) and monthly income (P<0. 01). Discussion and

Considering that cardiovascular diseases have an increasing trend of prevalence and knowledge and attitude of patients about them are relatively low and education to cardiac patients is effective in preventing of recurrent hospitalizations and prevalence of these diseases. We advise that education to cardiovascular patients be considered as the core of interventions of personnel، clinical trainers and students of nursing.

Nursing education is responsible for providing an environment to facilitate students learning and acquiring cognitive، affective and psychomotor skills. Nurses are now required to provide skilled، multidimensional care in multiple، often unfamiliar environments or settings. Consequently، nurses should be prepared to function as safe، competent، intuitive and innovative clinicians in an environment where new information and clinical situations are constantly changing. In the midst of a knowledge explosion in health care، students need to be provided with the tools and experiences that teach them how to think that promotes an understanding and an embracement of lifelong learning. This study was developed to determine and compare the nursing student''s creativeness.

This was a cross-sectional study. The study was carried out in Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Iran University of Medical Sciences. Study population was all of students enrolled in nursing four-year program 2009-2010 curriculum. Three hundred and twenty two students participated in this study by using the Abebi''s creativity Test. The data was coded and analyzed using the SPSS. Mean creativity scores between students’ responses in different years were compared by ANOVA.

It was found that the mean score of the students’ creativity was 136. 19±13. 31. When compared to a normative sample of Iran، the subjects were above or similar for overall creativity totally and four subscales. When the mean score and number of years of education were considered، no statistically significant difference was found for overall creativity، fluency and originality (P>0. 05). However the difference for mean scores of elaboration (F=3. 35، P=0. 019) and flexibility (F=2. 82، P=0. 039) was statistically significant.

Nursing schools should establish proper، accepting، and trustable atmosphere in order to develop nursing student s thinking، creativity، Self-centered learning abilities. This Atmosphere facilitates inquiry and questioning skills and improves unpredictable solutions in students and after that this critical skill will be improved. Revision the undergraduate educational program frequently according Nursing students’ creativity seems to be necessary.

The aim of nursing education is training of competent nurses who have knowledge، attitude and necessary skills for maintaining and promoting people health. So، nursing faculty member role in individual and professional development is not deniable. The purpose of this study is exploration of characteristics of a competent nursing faculty member.

This is a qualitative research which was done using content analysis method. Data were collected through interviews. The study was initiated with purposive sampling and continued by theoretical one. 24 participants were interviewed during 2 months in Nursing faculty. Constant comparative analysis method was utilized for data analysis.

Data analysis has shown that 7 categories including: scientific background، educational skills، individual and emotional characteristics، professsional ethics، supportive and management characteristics as secondary codes، and “A nursing competent faculty member as a complete human” as the main code were extracted from data which all participants confirmed them.

In this study the characteristics of a competent nursing faculty member were recognized deeper. Since the main code “A nursing competent faculty member as a complete human” as a new and deep spiritual finding can emphasizes on the placement of nursing discipline. Considering the study findings can bear in mind that all nursing masters should pay attention to them and have a comprehensive plan to achive them. On the other hand، applying characteristics of a competent nursing faculty member as a guider in nursing menagement and education is recommended.

Academic achievement will be self-actualization and promote confident of students; intelligence، memory and type of personality are the psychological factors that affect learning. This study was performed to determine the relationship between type of personality and academic achievement of nursing students. This is an analytic study; subjects consisted of 161 undergraduate Nursing students (The third term and higher) at Qazvin Nursing college in 2009. The subjects were assessed by demographic questionnaire، Eysenck''s personality inventory and total average of semesters as academic achievement. Data were analyzed by chi-squire، analysis of Variance and parson correlation with significant level of 0. 05 and using SPPS v. 15. The results from 161 subjects showed 83. 9% females and 16. 1% male. And most samples (44. 1%) were extroversion with instability personality. Statistical tests showed significant relationship between type of personality and total average (P=0. 023، F=3. 25). There was significant negative correlation between academic achievement with introversion (r=-0. 167، P=0. 038). So it seems academic achievement is also affected by characteristic of personality and psychological status; therefore further study of student''s personality in several fields and creating more consultation centers in universities are necessary.

Using a descriptive cross-sectional approach، this study was conducted to assess the quality of passed educational course among different medical sciences’ disciplines in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 2010.

Including last year students of all disciplines of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences as study population، this research was done. Consequently، random stratified sampling was performed among last year students of each. Data were collected by applying a two-parted questionnaire as: A) Demographic section (such as age، gender، type of discipline، level of interest about discipline when arrived، level of interest to discipline at commence and now (last year) and etc. B) CEQ questions that’s about teaching، aims and standards، whole content of lessons، material and resources، evaluation and general satisfaction. Data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS16 using descriptive statistics and correlation coefficient.

The results indicated that there was a significant relation between students'' satisfaction on the quality of passed educational course and level of interest regarding to discipline at the last year of study. Minimum correlation revealed between total CEQ score and its various parts in evaluation part. Maximum CEQ score was gotten in Dentistry and minimum of it was obtained in Emergency Medicine Technicians.

Data indicated that the competent، up-dated and expert teachers together with appropriate clinical education، suitable teaching-learning occurrence and interest to the discipline at entrance are all most important influencing factors on satisfaction of quality of passed educational course.