International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Apr 2013

Many sufferers of Type I Diabetes, as they are young, need support in order to be able to continue their care; therefore, to have social support could have a role in improving the metabolic control. Accordingly, the present study was done in order to determine the perceived social support and its relationship to the glycosylated hemoglobin in the children and adolescents who suffer from the Type I Diabetes. This analytic study was conducted on 99 subjects, based on their availability, composed of children and adolescents suffering from Type I Diabetes who referred to the Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center in Isfahan. The collected data, after confirming the validity and reliability, were completed by the subjects and then analyzed using SPSS software. In association with the perceived social support, 48.5% of children and 16.7% of adolescents enjoyed acceptable levels. In comparing the average scores regarding the perceived social support of children and adolescents, a significant statistical difference was observed (P<0.02) which showed that social support for children was more. In the study on the relation between the perceived social support and the glycosylated hemoglobin in children, the correlation between the perceived social support and the amount of glycosylated hemoglobin (P<0.01) was significant. Regarding the direct relationship between the amount of glycosylated hemoglobin and the perceived social support in children and adolescents, the family support and planning the team educational and practical programs and policies focusing on the purpose of self-care and thereupon, the satisfying control of diabetes is of utmost necessity.

Gestational hypertension is one of the three common causes of maternal death. This study was designed to compare the effects of aspirin and placebo on 24 hour blood pressure mean in women at risk of preeclampsia in two different diurnal times to prevent preeclampsia. Sixty four women who were at risk of gestational hypertension were recruited to be included in the study using convenience sampling method and divided into 4 groups by random allocation. Control groups one and two received placebo tablet. Experimental groups one and two received aspirin tablets (100 mg) in the morning and at night, respectively, one tablet a day every day starting at the time of recruitment and continued till 32nd week of gestation, by double blind method. The patients’ blood pressure was monitored at the end of each month for 24 consecutive hours from 12 to16 weeks until delivery. Data were analyzed using repeated measures design and along with multiple comparative tests in SPSS software (version 8.0). In Aspirin and control group 1, systolic and diastolic BP mean variations were similar, (P=0.835 and P=0.705 for systole and diastole, respectively). In Aspirin and control group 2, systolic and diastolic BP mean variations were statistically significant. (for systole and diastole P<0.001). Mean reduction for systole was 14.12 mmHg in 32nd week and 12.12 mmHg in 40th week and for diastole it was 11.69 mmHg in 32nd week and 9.04 mmHg in 40th week. Taking aspirin at night is more effective on 24-hour blood pressure mean reduction in women at preeclampsia risk compared with that in the morning.

Using alcohol and narcotics are recognized to be the important cause of accidents, specifically very severe driving accidents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of addiction to the narcotics and alcohol among traumatic patients referred to two main trauma centers in South-West of Iran. This research is a cross- sectional descriptive study on 781 traumatic patients referred to two main trauma centers (the trauma centers of Fars and Kohgiloyeh and Boirahmad states). The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were determined by content validity and test-retest methods respectively; its reliability coefficient was 0.8. Collected data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics, x² and independent t –test. The results showed that 118 (15.1%) of samples used narcotics like Opium, Heroin and Ecstasy; 190 subjects (24.3%) smoked Cigarette and Hookah and 15 (1.9%) used anti-depression drugs. In addition, 50 participants (6.4%) used Alcohol. Out of these figures, 136 persons (36.5%) reported the use of narcotics, cigarette, hookah, alcohol or anti-depression drugs before the accident, among which 75 persons (55.2%) have used these materials less than one hour before the accident. Considering the use of addictive materials by some of samples and particularly that a high percentage of them reported the use of these materials before the accident, recognizing and screening such people, especially among drivers, is necessary.

The present study was conducted to perceive the role-model nursing instructors’ experience in terms of professional challenges and identification of occupational concerns in the education of nursing students. Nursing instructors have a critical and decisive role in the training of skilled and specialized manpower and subsequent growth and development of the communities. So, the present study was conducted to address the role model nursing instructor’s experience in terms of professional challenges of nursing students’ education.The present qualitative study was carried out using the inductive thematic analysis method and the objective-based sampling. Data were collected until saturation, using three focus-group discussions (n=22) and two individual interviews with nursing instructors, as well as eight semi-structured face-to-face interviews with role-model instructors from five nursing faculties of the universities in Tehran. The three main themes were extracted, indicating the occupational challenges perceived by the instructors as follows: “Inefficient education-research system,” “Inappropriate professional position,” and “Ineffective interpersonal interactions”. Regarding the concerns of successful model instructors, professional development, prevention of job dissatisfaction, and implementation of role modeling strategies are recommended to be emphasized. Taken together, reducing the clinical training-associated problems in order to modify the education-research system was recognized as the main professional concern of the role-model nursing instructors

Hemophilia might impact the quality of life (QOL) in children and adolescent. This study aimed to assess the quality of life in children with hemophilia and identify the factors that predict their QOL. It was a cross-sectional study. A consensus sample of twenty-seven male children aged 8-16 years old with hemophilia participated in this study during 2011. The Haemo-QoL questionnaire version age group II (8–12 years old) or age group III (13–16 years) was used to measure the quality of life in children with hemophilia. Data were analyzed in SPSS using Spearman’s rho, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. The total mean score on the Haemo-QoL was 54.1±7.3. Haemo-QoL correlated with the number of bleeding event and school absence, family income, mother s’ education level, severity of hemophilia, person who performs his/her infusions, insight to health status and insight to suffering from hemophilia (P<0.05). QOL was predicated by family income (β=-0.69; explained 73% of variance) and infusion of the clotting factor replacement by parents (β=-0.33; explained 81% of variance). The QOL of a sample of male children with hemophilia was impaired. Moreover, number of bleeding event, number of school absences, mother s’ education level, severity of hemophilia, insight to health status and insight to suffering from hemophilia were associated with Haemo-QOL. In addition, family income and parent- administration of the product were the factors which predict the QOL in children with hemophilia.

Regular physical activity contributes positively to physiological and psychological health. This study aimed to identify exercise behavior changes, self efficacy and decisional balance in nursing and midwifery students. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Iran. All undergraduate nursing and midwifery students (n=300) participated in this study. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire developed by Wakui including demographic information, exercise stages of change (using a 5-item, dichotomous (Yes/No) scale), exercise self efficacy (5 item using Likert scale) and exercise decisional balance (12 item using Likert scale). Validity and reliability was checked by the panel of experts and test retest correlation, respectively. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) and analytical tests (Correlation, independent t-test, one way ANOVA) were used for analysis. In total, 41 subjects were males (13.6%) and 259 females (86.3%). According to the results, 23.3% of the students were in pre-contemplation, 29% in contemplation, 32.6% in preparation, 7.3% in action and 7.3% in maintenance stages of changes in exercise behaviors. Significant differences were found in the individual efficacy scores, pros and cons of decisional balance in different stages of changes of exercise behavior. Significant differences were found between the pre-contemplation and other groups by post–hoc follow up test (P<0.05). No significant differences were found between nursing and midwifery students in SECQ scores and also between academic year, and self efficacy and pros and cons of decisional balance scores (P>0.05). This study showed that a large number of nursing and midwifery students were in the inactive stage. So, exploring effective strategies for directing students from inactive to active stage and motivating them to follow the appropriate exercise behavior seem to be necessary.