مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 44 (هفته دوم فروردین 1392)

Nowadays assisted reproductive donation procedures have raised various inquiries which their acknowledgment necessitates to conduct widespread research in different countries according to their particular socio-cultural and religious beliefs. This study was conducted aimed to investigate the association of religious beliefs with infertile couples’ attitude towards donation procedures and its selection as a therapeutic approach to infertility.

This descriptive- correlational study was carried out on 115 infertile couples that were selected using convenience sampling from Montaserieh infertility research center in Mashhad، Iran، 2010. Infertile couples’ religious beliefs and also their attitudes and practices towards donation procedures were measured using valid and reliable self-structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 14 and statistical tests including t-test، Mann-Whitney، chi-square and Spearman correlation coefficient test. P value less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant.

There was no relationship between religious beliefs and infertile women’s attitude towards donation procedures (p>0. 05)، but a direct correlation was seen between religious beliefs and infertile men’s attitude (P=0. 036). Also there was no relationship between women and men’s religious beliefs and their selection of donation procedures (p>0. 05).

Considering the results، it seems that it is needed to get advantage of religious scholars to illuminate the basics of Islamic jurisprudence، in addition to the infertility health care team who provide a holistic care to meet all physical، psychological، social and spiritual needs of infertile couples.

Violence against women is a serious threat to the health and human rights and it has been identified as a public health problem regarding its main consequences through reproductive health and women''s physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to examine women''s experiences of violence of the impact of violence against women in family.

This research was a qualitative study using content analysis approach. Data were collected by a semi-structured interview from 24 women who were the victims of violence in 2009. Objective method of sampling was initiated and continued until data saturation. Data analysis and data collection was done at the same time with qualitative content method.

Data analysis led to extraction of three themes that reflected the participants’ experiences of consequences of violence against women such as: reducing women''s health، family disruption، and failure in role of spouse.

Adverse effects of violence against women in the family do not only harm women، but can affect serious damage on family system and social structure.

Oral hygiene during pregnancy is essential for the health of mother and fetus. This study was aimed to determine the perceived benefits based on the health belief model in oral health related behaviors. This descriptive study was conducted on 220 pregnant women who were referred to health centers of Mashhad، Iran in 2012. A multi-stage sampling method (stratified and clustered) was used. Data collection tool was a questionnaire perceived benefits based on health belief model. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11. 5 and statistical descriptive and analytical tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Mean age of patients was 25. 96±3. 68 years with gestational age of 6-28 weeks. Mean of gestational age was 17. 78±5. 2 weeks. The degree of most patients (53. 47%) was diploma، and 186 women (84. 72%) had enough income. Their perceived benefits were moderate and their performance in oral care was poor. The main benefits cited by mothers were to stay away from adverse effects (50%)، decrease additional costs (25%)، reduce bad breath (%20) and less benefits was reduce tooth decay (5%). No significant relationship was between perceived benefits، education level and performance (p=0. 2). Pregnant women perception of oral hygiene benefits is moderate. Given to the low birth weight occurred 7 times more in women who had gum and tooth decay، the need for essential training programs in health centers seems necessary to improve health behaviors and periodontal status in pregnant women.

Maternal mortality is a major human life threatening and indicator of women health in each country. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and effective factors on maternal mortality in Sistan and Baluchistan province، Iran، 2002-2009.

This was a descriptive، analytical and cross-sectional study conducted on all pregnant women who died between 2001 to 2009 in Sistan and Baluchistan province، Iran. Data gathering tool was a 3 part questionnaire that was filled with archive folders of maternal mortality in hospital and health centers in different cities and villages of the province. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 and statistical descriptive tests included chi-square and ANOVA. P value less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant.

The frequency of maternal mortality was 307 cases in the province and mortality rate was 82. 6 per 100000 live births. The most rate of deaths were in 2003 (232 deaths)، in Zahedan، Iran (24. 1%)، age less than 25 years (41%)، gestational age more than 22 weeks (90. 3%)، gravidity more than four (70. 7%)، 0-2 years interval between pregnancy (68. 8%)، uneducated (62. 1%)، resident in village (69. 3%)، need to intensive care (78. 5%)، death in hospital (63. 3%)، post partum death (79. 3%). The most common cause of death was bleeding (37. 4%). Cause of maternal mortality had significant relationship with place of death (p<0. 001)، gravidity (p=0. 03)، delivery agent (p=0. 005) and delivery type (p=0. 03)، age of mother (p=0. 03).

Maternal mortality rate can reduce by effective and active fallow up، interval between pregnancies≥ 3 years، raising the level of education، family planning and no pregnancy in very young ages or very old ages.