مجله تحقیقات دام و طیور
سال یکم شماره 3 (1391)

This Research was conducted to study the chemical composition and nutritional value of Ziziphus jujube mill foliage using of gas production method and nylon bag. Two cow fistulated were fed with forage and concentrate for maintanence towice days. Degradability of DM and NDF measured by gas production method and nylon bag. Samples incubated in times of 2،4،8،16،24،36،48،72 and 96 hours for gas test and nylon bag. The amounts of DM، OM، Ash، EE،CP and NDF of Ziziphus jujube mill foliage were 45، 91، 9، 5، 15. 1 and 32، percentage respectively. Calcium was 3. 6 percentage. Coefficients of a and b for DM were 0. 31 and 0. 35 and for NDF were 0. 18 and 0. 34. Total tannen of Ziziphus jujube mill foliage was 3. 2 percentage. Gas test showed that digestion of souleble fraction and insouleble but digestible was 49. 64 percentage.

The study was carried out to evaluate the potential impact of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the frozen–thawed semen quality of buffalo. Ejaculated semen was extended in a Tris–citrate egg yolk and bioexcell extenders containing various concentrations of BHT (0. 5، 1. 0، 2. 0 and 3. 0 mM). After cooling at 5 ºC، semen samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor and plunged into liquid nitrogen for storage. Straws from each treatment were thawed to assess the semen quality in terms of sperm motility، viability، plasma membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity at 0 and 6 h after thawing. Post-thawed sperm motility was determined using a phase-contrast microscope. Viability، plasma membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity were evaluated by the supravital staining، hypo-osmotic swelling test and normal acrosomal reaction، respectively. Adding BHT in two extenders conferred better cryopreserving ability to spermatozoa compared to control groups. The highest (P < 0. 05) value was achieved by addition of 2. 0 mM BHT upon thawing and 1. 0 mM at 6 h after thawing. However، higher concentration of BHT (3. 0 mM) reduced the some evaluated parameters compared to other concentration used.

This research accomplished for studying the effects of East Azerbaijan province of Iran bakery factory wastes (biscuit) in rations of broiler chickens on performance، carcass characteristics and bloody parameters (LDL، HDL، Triglyceride and Cholesterol). This bioassay was evaluated by using 600 Ross 308 broiler chicks and completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replicate were used in this experiment in 15 to 49 d of age. Five diets were formulated to contain biscuit waste to 0% control، 10، 15، 20 and 25 percent as replacement for corn fraction in broiler diets. The result of bakery waste replacing for corn had significantly effects on broiler performance (P<0. 01). The highest feed intake and weight gain was related to broiler chicks fed with 25 % of biscuit waste diets. Biscuit waste replacing in all level to corn portion، improved the feed conversion ratio since of 4th week to end of experimental period and the best feed conversion ratio was relative to level 25% of biscuit waste than control group (1. 85 vs. 1. 91) (P<0. 01). The broiler chicks fed with biscuit waste had a lowest abdominal fat and highest breast weight and empty body weight (P<0. 01). Blood parameter analyzed result showed that hadn’t significantly difference between with control group and all blood parameter were in normal range.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of calcium، phosphorus and soybean oil on performance and egg quality in laying hens. Experiment was conducted as a factorial (3×2) (0 and 4% soybean oil) and (NRC calcium and phosphorus recommendation and 15، 30% more than NRC recommendation) in a completely randomized design with 216 Hi-line (W36) laying hens in 6 treatments and 3 replicates (with 12 hen in each replicate) for 12 weeks from 25-37 weeks of ages. Results showed that different levels of calcium، phosphorus and soybean oil have significant effects on performance and egg traits of laying hens (P<0. 05). The Highest egg production percent and daily feed intake were resulted by using 4% soybean oil. Using 4% soybean oil، 30% calcium and phosphorus more than NRC recommendation and interaction between them، significantly increased the egg yolk color index. However different levels of calcium، phosphorus and soybean oil and interaction between them could not significantly affect the eggshell quality.

compare the genetic parameters، genetic and environmental correlations between reproductive traits related to fertility than 85324 records (interval calving، days open and fertility rates 20 herds(34680 cows) in five lactation and climate، cold (Tabriz province)، moderate (Zanjanprovince) and tropical (Yazd Province) during the years 1985 to 2010 were of. To find out the factors affecting the characteristics and comparisons of mean GLM procedure and Duncan test using of SAS software was used. Components to estimate (co) variance components and genetic parameters in animal models by restricted maximum likelihood method without the derivative as a trait and multi-trait analysis and reliability modeling methods in WOMBAT32saftware used. Herd effects in the model - in - season of calving and parity as fixed effects and age of the cow''s stomach at the time of birth was considered as a covariate. Heritability of reproductive traits ranging from 0. 02 to 0. 075، respectively. Difference significant genetic correlation was observed between. Traitpregnancy rates among different areas of significant differences (P <0. 05). Addition، results showed a significant difference between the different regions traits of calves from birth، and there are open days (P <0. 01). Trait rate there are significant differences between different areas of pregnancy (P <0. 05).

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different levels of energy (2400، 2500، 2600، 2700، 2800 and 2900 kcal/kg) on laying performance of Khorasan Razavi native hens. Three hundred 38-week-old native laying hens during Three 28-day periods were put into 30 groups of ten chickens، which were randomly allocated to six experimental diets. Each treatment was replicated five times in completely randomized design. The trial lasted for 12 weeks. All birds were given free access to water and diets. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in egg production، egg weight and egg mass at the end of the experiment. Daily feed intake (DFI) and feed conversion ratios (FCR) were significantly decreased as energy level of the diet was increased (P<0. 05) when treatments 2، 1 and 3 (ME=2800، 2900، 2700 Kcal/kg) had the lowest DFI whereas treatments 5، 6 (ME=2500، 2400 Kcal/kg) had highest DFI، respectively. FCR was influenced by dietary energy level. Hens on the diet with 2800 Kcal ME /kg had the lowest (2. 66) FCR compared to 2400 Kcal ME/kg that the highest FCR (3. 65). The results showed that a diet containing 2800 Kcal ME/kg adequately satisfied the maintenance and production requirements of Khorasan Razavi native hens during 38-50 week of production. Also، this ration was more economical.

In this study، samples of sugarcane bagasse were irradiated with doses of 100، 200، 300 KGy to evaluate the effect of electron beam on the chemical composition، ruminal degradability parameters and ruminal-postruminal digestibility of dry matter (DM)، neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). For this purpose، initially using the nylon bag technique، the amount of 5 g of each sample (6 repeats) was ground and incubated for 0، 2، 4، 8، 16، 24، 48 and 72 hours in the rumen of two Holstein heifers and parameters of ruminal degradability were estimated. Statistical analysis of data on various parameters and effective degradability was performed using SAS software. Based on the results of the study، the reduction of ADF content of bagasse in irradiated treatments was ruminically significant (P<0. 05)، while for NDF content this reduction was statistically significant (P<0. 05). Quickly degradable fraction (a) of DM and NDF of sugarcane bagasse were significantly increased (P<0. 05). Potentially degradable fraction (b) of NDF of sugarcane bagasse increased with increasing of irradiation dose and for DM، it was decreased at first and then was increased at the dose of 300 KGy، although this change was not statistically significant. Total digestibility of DM in sugarcane bagasse increased significantly (P<0. 05). Ruminal digestibility of ADF was significantly increased with dose of 100 KGy (P<0. 05). The results showed electron beam irradiation had an effective role in improving the nutritive value and digestibility of sugarcane bagasse، but regarding the absence of an dose related effect، the dose of 100 kGy is recommended.

This experiment was conducted with 180 Hy- line (W36) laying hens in 5 treatments and 3 replicates (with 12 hens in each replicate) from 60 until 72 weeks of age in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of using different levels of Ziziphora clinopodioides L. medicinal plant on performance، egg traits، blood biochemical and immunity cells in laying hens. The levels of Ziziphora clino L in this experiment were 0، 0. 5، 1، 1. 5 and 2 percentage. The results showed that the using of different levels of Ziziphora clino L medicinal plant has significantly effects on feed conversion ratio in laying hens (P<0. 05). The best feed conversion ratio (2. 72) was obtained by using 1% of Ziziphora clino L. Using 2% of Ziziphora clino L. significantly (3. 51) increased the feed conversion ratio. The results showed that the using of different levels of Ziziphora clino L medicinal plant have significant effects on egg quality of laying hens (P<0. 05). So، the highest amount of specific gravity (1. 080mg/ml3) and yolk color index (4. 84) were observed in group4 by using 1. 5 percent of Ziziphora clino L medicinal plant and the highest amount of egg albumin weight (43. 40g) was observed in group 1 (control group). The results indicated that there were significant difference between treatments on blood biochemical parameters of laying hens (P<0. 05). So، the lowest amount of glucose (111. 22mg/dl) and triglyceride (1242. 3mg/dl) were observed in group5 by using 2 percent of Ziziphora clino L medicinal plant and the lowest level of cholesterol (137. 52mg/dl) was observed in group1. Using different levels of Ziziphora clino L medicinal plant had no significant effects on the levels of immunity cells in laying hens (P<0. 05). The overall results showed that the using Ziziphora clino L to 1. 5% of laying hens diets without having any adverse effects of performance، improve their egg traits. The highest decrease in blood glucose and triglyceride were obtained by using 2% of Ziziphora clino L.