Journal of Dental School
Volume:31 Issue: 3, 2013

Peri-implantitis is an irreversible inflammatory reaction in the soft and hard tissues around a functional implant. One of the treatment approaches of this disease includes smoothing and polishing the rough surface and removing threads on the implants using rotary instruments, which is called implantoplasty. Clinicians should perform implantoplasty with caution because it may raise the temperature of the implant body as well as the surrounding one. This study aimed to compare micromorphology and thermal changes resulting from different rotary instruments and piezoelectric devices after implantoplasty. Forty-eight Intra Lock fixture surfaces were processed in 60 seconds with six polishing procedures using 6,12 bladed carbide burs, 90, 30 µm mean-particles-size diamond burs, and piezosurgery inserts OT1 (grain size =91 µm) and OP5 (grain size =30 µm). These instruments were applied in single or sequential procedures. Variations in temperature were recorded every 5 seconds. The roughness of treated surfaces was evaluated with a profilometer for Ra1, Rz1 (single polish procedures), Ra2, and Rz2 (sequential polishing procedures) parameters. Also, surfaces were observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope after each step of implantoplasty. The piezosurgery group showed statistically significant differences when compared with the other two groups) maximum temperature 1.2 °C (. No statistically significant differences were observed between the carbide and diamond burs regarding the temperature changes and the temperature decreased from the start point in both groups. The mean Ra value in piezoelectric group (1.53 ±0.23) was significantly lower than diamond (2.45 ±0.40, p <0.05) and carbide (2.10 ±0.28, p <0.05) groups. Additionally, this value in the carbide group was significantly lower than that of the diamond group (p <0.05). Rz1 value was significantly greater in diamond and carbide groups compared to piezoelectric group. The results revealed significant differences among the three groups concerning Rz2. The minimum Rz2 value was seen in piezoelectric group, while the diamond group showed the highest Rz2 parameter. This in vitro study showed that under suitable cooling conditions, implantoplasty with rotary and piezoelectric devices does not produce enough heat to damage the soft tissue or bone around the affected implant. The piezoelectric device produced smoother surfaces in single or sequence procedures compared to the burs and can be useful for implantoplasty

Furcal perforation is an undesirable complication that may occur during root canal therapy and seriously compromises the prognosis of endodontic treatment. The prognosis of furcal perforation repair depends on the prevention of bacterial infection of the perforation site. Thus, use of a biocompatible material for complete sealing of the perforation site is critically important. This study aimed to compare the microleakage of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and octacalcium phosphate (OCP) for furcal perforation repair. This experimental study was conducted on 70 human mandibular molars with divergent roots, intact furcation site and completely formed apices. The teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups of two experimental (n=30), one positive control and one negative control group (n=5). The furcation floor was then perforated. In the first and second experimental groups, furcation perforations were repaired with OCP and MTA, respectively. In the positive control group, the perforation was left untreated and in the negative control group no furcal perforation was created. The access cavity in all groups was filled with Cavit. The teeth were stored in 100% humidity for 48h. Root apices were sealed with sticky wax and the entire external surface of teeth except for 0.5 mm around the perforation site was covered with two coats of nail polish. The specimens were immersed in India ink for 4 days and then sectioned in half buccolingually. The sections were separated and dye penetration was evaluated using a stereomicroscope at 25X magnification. Obtained data were analyzed using independent t-test. No microleakage was observed in the negative control group. In the positive control group, the dye had completely penetrated into the walls. The amount of dye penetration was 1.64 and 1.22 mm in the OCP and MTA groups, respectively. Statistical analysis of data revealed that the sealability of MTA was significantly greater than that of OCP (P<0.0001). OCP cannot be an acceptable alternative to MTA in terms of sealability.

Mechanical plaque removal namely tooth brushing is the most commonly used oral hygiene technique.. Efficacy of tooth brushing is influenced by the design and shape of toothbrush. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of two common Iranian tooth brushes with a foreign made one in plaque removal. Thirty female dental students were selected in Babol University, School of Dentistry using simple randomized sampling. The inclusion criteria were no systemic disease, no history of drug intake, absence of tooth crowding, absence of severe malocclusion, no removable or fixed orthodontic appliances,, no smoking and no toothache. Oral B Cross Action(Germany),, Panberes Cross Action and Panberes Classic tooth brushes were used. Students were asked not to brush their teeth for 24 hours before the recall visit. At the first visit, subjects received oral prophylactic procedures and the plaque index was recorded before brushing for all subjects using O’ Leary plaque index. In order to match the conditions, Bass tooth brushing technique was instructed to subjects. Students were then randomly divided into 3 groups of 10. The subjects were provided with the three toothbrushes for use in the first, second and third weeks. The plaque index was recorded after using each toothbrush for one week Paired t-test was used to compare the efficacy of toothbrushes in plaque removal in the same subject while ANOVA was applied for the comparison between the three toothbrushes. Significant reductions were observed in plaque index after using each toothbrush. Plaque index reduction was the highest for Oral B Cross Action and the lowest for Panberes Classic (P=0.001). Oral B Cross Action had a significant difference with Panberes Classic in mean plaque index reduction(P=0.018). Panberes Cross Action and Oral B Cross Action were not significantly different in this respect (P=0=797). Oral B Cross Action and Panberes Cross Action were not significantly different in terms of plaque index reduction. However, the mentioned two toothbrushes had a significant difference in this respect with Panberes Classic.

Successful bonding of a dental implant to bone, which was referred to as osseointegration by Branemark has been well documented. However, long-term prognosis of an implant depends on adequate maintenance and long-term care. An effective maintenance program is required to preserve the health of peri-implant tissues. Several techniques have been suggested for this purpose; but it is not clear which is more efficient. Review of Literature: This review evaluates the literature regarding implant care and factors affecting the peri-implant soft tissue and describes the required measures for assessment of peri-implant status and treatment of reversible peri-implant diseases. Data shows that several measures can be taken to maintain the health of peri-implant tissue and ensure the long-term prognosis of dental implants.

Citation analysis is a bibliometric method used for the calculation of the mean number of citations and detection of highly cited references, frequency distribution of citations in different languages, update rate, efficacy of resources and number of core journals of a scientific domain. This process elucidates the information needs of researchers in a specific realm of science and enhances the knowledge of the authorities and librarians to provide efficient information sources and use the budget for providing a rich collection of scientific materials. This study aimed to perform a citation analysis on dental journals. A checklist was prepared including the type of cited material (article, book, thesis, etc.), publication year, language, type of access (consortium, free, none) and if accessible through the consortium, name of the database through which the article can be accessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Using Bradford’s law of dispersal of publications, the core journals in the field of dentistry were specified. The authorities must consider the core journals in each scientific domain when making a decision on purchasing subscription or extending a contract with databases in order to be more successful in obviating the information needs of researchers. Authorities have to consider the core journals in each field when deciding on purchasing subscription or extending the contract with databases in order to be more successful in obviating the scientific needs of researchers.