مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 71 (هفته اول آبان 1392)

Pregnancy tumor that is the same as pyogenic granuloma from histological aspect is a hemorrhagic reactive nodule which mostly appears in gingival area in pregnancy and can cause secondary oral infections. Due to the high prevalence of this lesion in pregnant women and lack of solid status in Iran، this project was carried out to study the prevalence of pregnancy tumor and related factors. This descriptive، cross sectional study was conducted on pregnant women during 2010-2011. Data were collected by observation، clinical and para-clinical examination، completing questionnaire and also evaluating medical records. Related factors which have been considered consist of age، oral lesion and size، involved jaw، patients complaint، smoking، underlying systemic diseases، oral hygiene status، pregnancy trimester، defective dental restorations or crowns in lesion’s area and drugs taken especially injectable hormonal drugs during pregnancy. Sampling was made by sequential method. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. 72 of 1600 patients with average age of 26. 8 years old (4. 5%) had pregnancy tumor. In 66 cases، lesions were found in maxillay gingiva and in 6 cases were found in mandibular gingiva. Poor oral hygiene were found in 58 women (80. 6%) and 50 women (69. 4%) with the lesion were in the last trimester of pregnancy. Also 5 of 72 patients (6. 9%) complained from swelling and bleeding of the lesion. 9 lesions were found near defective dental restorations and crowns. The results of this study shows the direct effect of age، poor oral hygiene and also the trimester of pregnancy on the prevalence of pregnancy tumor in pregnant women.

Even though، the prevalence of postpartum fatigue is more than depression، but most studies have focused on the effect of exercise on postpartum depression and fatigue is neglected in this period. So، this clinical trial was done to determine the effectiveness of exercise on postnatal fatigue. This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 127 pregnant women with gestational age of 28-32 weeks in 2010. Current depressive and fatigue condition were assessed respectively by using the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale and fatigue identification form. Women with Edinburgh scores lower than 15 were included in this study and were allocated randomly in one of three groups: control group، group receiving training for exercise during pregnancy and group receiving training for exerciseduring pregnancy and postpartum period. Fatigue scores were measured one and two months after delivery. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 13)، chi square، fisher exact and Kruskal Wallis tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. Mean change of fatigue scorers were not different significantly between the three groups، one and two months after delivery (p=0. 67 and p=0. 87، respectively). Results indicated that the exercise does not reduce fatigue scores. But، considering the limited studies in this field، more studies need for final results.

Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most common complaints in women usually accompanied by economic، social، physical and mental effects. Although there are some reports about the effects of childbirth on decreasing the menstrual pain، but the relationship between mode of delivery and the pattern of primary dysmenorrhea is not clear. The aim of this study was investigating this relationship. This cohort study was conducted on 124 primiparous women during 2010-2011 Mothers were divided into two groups of 61 cases with normal vaginal delivery and 63 ones with caesarean section. Sampling was conducted through multi-stage (stratified-cluster) method in health centers of Mashhad، Iran. The research was performed based on personal profile questionnaire، menstrual information before and after delivery and the menstrual pain degree based on verbal multidimensional scoring scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11. 5، chi-square and paired t-tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. Women who had vaginal delivery would have significantly more improvement in severity of primary dysmenorrheal than women in cesarean delivery group (p<0. 000). Location of pain also was statistically significant (p<0. 04). The duration of menstrual pain after normal vaginal delivery was more reduced compared to caesarean group، but the difference was not statistically significant (p<0. 59). There were also no significant differences in pain quality (p<0. 39) and symptoms associated to the menstruation (p<0. 82) between two groups. Normal vaginal delivery would reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea more than caesarean section.