فصلنامه مهارت آموزی
پیاپی 13 (پاییز 1394)

The main goal of this research was Determination a qualification framework   for Technical and Vocational  Education  and Training  (TVET) teachers  in technical and Work- knowledge schools. The research society contains of all of the available researches and related scientific documents. The research method used, was document analysis. The procedure and course of this research is depending on the forms of collecting information. According to documents analysis,  competencies Classified with three ranges: Personalities competencies, specialty-professional (with the factors of knowledge, intuition and skill) and ethical-believe (with the factors of conscience for doing work - development of ability, social moderation, social relationships, bureaucratic discipline and inner faith).  finely  all of the factors and Items described and  Several proposals were presented.

Vocational training is one of the main tasks of governments that are directly related to reducing the unemployment rate and productivity growth, and ultimately increase the country's economic growth , so that many countries in terms of technical and vocational education has been at the center of their national priorities. In an overview of technical and vocational training in the implementation of this system in comparison conducted comparative studies on vocational training in other countries have done. The results of this study show that the Islamic Republic of Iran in the education of technical and vocational training of trainers generally has a good place. Therefore, the promotion of reforms of education must change the status of the development of quantitative and qualitative deepening and improving its effectiveness is a key issue to be considered. Also Iran's position in terms of the preparation and delivery of customized training based or demand-driven vocational levels that are consistent with the need labor market weakness that by participation of industrialists trades in this regard in the proper place and dignity of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the region and the world as well.

The main issue in this study are considered importance of self- esteem on leading student to challangable homework and lack sufficient knowledge of factor affecting to promotion self-esteem on happiness of students. So present study investigated the effects of  education of reticulated wood skill on self-esteem and happiness in educable intellectual disability students by 14 – 18 years old affiliated to Sannandaj schools. This is an experimental pre – posttest design with one control group. 30 students were selected by simple random sampling method and divided to experiment group (15 people) and control group (15 people).  First oxford happiness questionnaire and Rosenberg’s self – esteem scale was completed for two groups as pretest. Then reticulated wood skill was performed according standard and educational principle for intellectual disability student within 3 month and 3 sessions per week (1 hour session). In the end of intervention covariance test was used for data analysis. Findings showed statistical differences between two groups and remarkable in experiment group.

In the past decades with the rise of population caused by explosion of population in Iran, providing job and financial independence and lack of job vacancies for young and job-seeking generation who reach their Marriageable age, has always been one of the concerns of the state. These obstacles normally drive the youth to peruse self-employment and none-skilled entrepreneurship which leads to encountering serious problems and also to lose their little investments. Iran's Technical and Vocational Training Organization, has always had the responsibility for training and skill-learning of this vast number of individuals and guiding them towards the right market and suitable production, by offering diverse and practical courses.
In the last years, it's been recognized that a large number of college graduates (not regarding their major) attend these training courses and attempt to start a business or entrepreneurship. in this study, researcher offers a study with the aim of scrutinizing the fluctuations of this event between the years 1390 and 1393. This descriptive and analytic study includes a statistical population of 657 individuals whom are previous attendants of different kinds of agriculture workshops in Kangavar County. At first, the number of trainees for each year is specified and trainees are divided into two groups of educated and non-educated persons by considering the information of their profile. Then the data is analyzed separately, in the terms of percentage for four-year period.
By noticing the resulted statistics, we can observe that there is a constant increase in the number of youth individuals and college graduates whom eagerly attend applied skill-learning courses.

The present study investigated the role of entrepreneurial skills of rural women in employment has Kazeroon city That the objective and the method of collecting and analyzing data from cross-correlation. Methods The study was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental designs, including a group of rural women had a home occupation. The study population included all women with domestic employment in the city Kazeron sample up to 180 people. Rural women were the first questionnaire and then were presented over 10 workshops entrepreneurial skills. And finally put them up again to the questionnaires by introducing entrepreneurial skills of motivation, self-esteem and improve their job performance are examined. Standard questionnaire was used to collect data. The results showed that the entrepreneurial skills of motivation, self-efficacy and self-esteem, there is a significant positive correlation. The relationship between managerial and technical factors of the variable is positive and significant development of entrepreneurial skills.

Business clustering is a modern approach which has attracted much attention in both political and research circles. According to scientific research, industrial clusters can result in employment increases and wealth creation in regions. They can also reinforce skill training to supply skilled workers for local businesses. The mechanism of producing this result is not clear yet. This study aims to provide a holistic and comprehensive view  to clear the processes of employment and training in clusters. A system dynamic approach has been adopted to clarify variables and relations. Variables extracted from literature and causal loops drawn using system dynamic standards. The research method is descriptive survey using system analysis techniques. The study shows that two major causal loops (employment and skill training) have common variables with the same effects unless technology which has a different effect on employment and skill level. The study recommends enhancing demand level in order to enforce the natural employment level in clusters.

The aim of this study was to investigation of  learners vocational after educational courses in the industry part in Kermanshah. This study is a descriptive survey was conducted. The populations of 3476 people were proficient students that the 1944 studied in the  industry part. Sample size was  n= 150 by Morgan"s table. The survey questionnaire was the main tool used to track the employment skills learned in the descriptive data analysis was performed using SPSS software. In addition to identifying employment skills, graduates of statistical indicators were used. The main results of this study showed the employment index for the manufacturing sector and employment skills courses to 27.33 percent. Also, it was found that 68.29 of the jobs associated with the acquisition of the skills.  Moreover, it was reported that 25 percent of learners proficient in the skills of graduates and job seeker job seeker 22.66 percent were not taught those skills.