نشریه مطالعات شبه قاره
سال پنجم شماره 17 (زمستان 1392)

Myth is the primitive men''s thought and reaction، facing with the natural happenings and as those people were uncertain about the causes of mentioned happenings، their reactions towards those events have been accompanied by fear. The very fear made them assume a God for any phenomenon so that they could be safe from the wickedness of the accidents with recourse to them. The formation of myths in human societies has been based upon the very principle; that’s why there exist similarities among the myths of different nations. Among the mythologies of the nations، the two mythologies of Iran and India have the most similarities owing to common، cultural grounds. The present research attempts to comparatively investigate the element of “water” in the two mythologies of Iran and India. The surveys performed suggest that in both nations’ myth of Creation، water is among the earliest material creatures، and this has been due to the importance of this life-giving element in their lives.

India is known as the largest democracy Of the world. After its independence with the spiritual Leadership of Gandhi and political leadership of Nehru، India was being constructed. The codified constitution defined India as a federal country in which the president is just a symbol of unity and the prime minister has The whole executive authorities. Nehru-Gandhi family has had three prime ministers so far that their governments were advocates of religious freedom and Secularism. This family had neutral policy towards east and west and regarding the vast varieties of religions and nations، it could turn India into a united، powerful and effective country in political equations. As the Iranians، our knowledge of this great movement which led to the victory and independence، is negligible، so in this article we attempted to provide the readers with some information about this new India، its movement and the life styles and thoughts of its leaders.

Qowwat Al-Islam Mosque and Qotb Minar، as two architectural monuments، indicate the beginning of the cultural influence of Islam on ancient land of India. The process of evolution in construction of these two buildings indicates that architects and constructors have utilized native architectural elements of India as well as Persian architecture during the middle Islamic centuries. This paper examines historical aspects، architectural elements and the decoration of these two buildings using descriptive- analytic method. Also، it presents comparative study and analyses the cause and effect of Islamic architecture in two cultural regions of Iran and India. This paper would answer this question: what are the architectural evidences that indicate the effects of cultural regions of Iran and Afghanistan on Qotb Minar architecture in three sections of function، structure and concept? The results of this research prove that the construction of Qowwat Al-Islam Mosque and Qotb Minar was known as the first historical experience of Muslims on Islamic architecture in India and mostly was according to Persian- Indian architecture pattern. According to authors، besides its religious and political function، Qotb Minar used to be a security place to control the city of Delhi more، since its height helped to control the surrounding area.

Sayyed Ahmed Khan is a renowned Indian subcontinent commentators that offers modern thoughts about the revelation. He attempts to make a peace between the West approach and the Islamic beliefs. The purpose of this paper is offering a new view of Sayyed Ahmed Khan''s ideas about revelation and its critical pathology، that is expressed in descriptive – analytical method by Qur''an-i approach: Although Sayyed Ahmed Khan''s view about the revelation is empirical and materialistic on one hand، on the other hand it knows Quran as God''s words that carries no error. Believe in revelation of Quran on prophet''s heart and denying the angel of revelation، besides his other views، brings a bilinear modern thought that in his vision، introduce a new area for scholars، yet has many shortcomings.

The Geopolitical Genome is the geographical genetic map of the politics which derives from geography of a country and influence the foreign policy of that country. Regarding its neighborhood with 15 countries، Iran is considered to be a strategic region. Understanding the geopolitical views which is derived from the geopolitical genomes of the neighbor countries and recognizing the geopolitical codes of the them has an effective role in drafting a proper foreign policy، considering the geopolitical characteristics of Iran. Recognizing the geopolitical genomes of Pakistan is an urgent need in order to determine the orientation of the foreign policy of Iran. In the present paper it has been attempted to analyze the confronting geopolitical codes and genomes of Iran and Pakistan.

Hujwiri was the first one who spread the thoughts of Abu Yazid al-Bistami in subcontinent. Then، his ideas left an impression on some dynasties there، such as Suhravardiya، Chishtiya، Naqshbandiya، Shattariya and Qadiriya and some of them appointed him in their documents. The most important problem for the Sufis of subcontinent، was the obscure utterances of Abu Yazid (shatahat). Hujwiri was the first person who commented and interpreted them in subcontinent، and he left a tradition which almost was followed by other Sufis after him.، Most of the Sufis after Hujwiri، reiterated preceding Sufi books. But، some of them such as Ahmad Sirhindi، with respect to Abu Yazid، criticized his obscure utterances. In this paper it is attempted to examine and analyze Abu Yazid’s tradition which is left in subcontinent.

The study of human development situation in any country، may guide those responsible for the formulation of proper economic policies، such as employment creation، fair income distribution، eliminating of monopolies، optimal allocation of resources and costs، poverty reduction and acceleration of conversion. This article has analyzed the human development index of the Indian subcontinent countries (India، Bangladesh، Pakistan، Nepal، Myanmar and Bhutan) using descriptive - analytic method. Alpha The results show that this index in Indian subcontinent countries is not in a good condition، because only India and Bhutan with the Human Development Index value of 0/548and /0/522 can be categorized in the group of countries with medium human development. The countries with low-value of human development are Pakistan، Bangladesh، Myanmar and Nepal، with a human Development Index of 0/504، 0/500، 0/483 and0/458 respectively and these values indicate low income، quality of life and standards of living.