مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 85 (هفته سوم بهمن 1392)

Birth weight is one of the main indices of growth and one of the determining factors of survival. The purpose of this study was determining the relationship between maternal body mass index at the beginning of pregnancy and infants'' birth weight and pregnancy outcomes.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 800 pregnant women with gestational age less than 12 weeks who referred to health centers of Mashhad، Iran in 2010. In the first prenatal medical appointment، a questionnaire containing personal information was completed and mothers'' body mass index was calculated. At birth، the infants'' weights and other variables were surveyed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16) and chi-square، student t-test، Pearson correlation and generalized linear models. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant.

Mean birth weight of infants had increased with the increase in their mother''s weight (p<0. 001). Also، mean of infants'' birth weight was significantly higher in mothers aged 35 or more (p=0. 03)، multiparas (p=0. 001) and mothers who gave birth to male infants (p<0. 0001). Low birth weight and preterm labor were significantly more prevalent among underweight mothers (p<0. 0001). Macrosomia was seen more among obese mothers. Furthermore، the incidence of cesarean section increased with the increase in mothers'' body mass index. Mothers'' body mass index at the beginning of pregnancy has a role in predicting the infants'' birth weight.

Abnormal body mass index leads to undesirable prenatal complications. As a result، body mass index can be used to identify pregnant women who are at the risk of maternal and infantile complications and take the necessary measure to prevent them.

Cyclical changes in hormonal levels during different phases of menstrual cycle cause physiological changes in various body organs including lung function. This study examined changes in lung function during luteal and follicular phases of menstrual cycle in young girls. in 2012 This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 61 healthy girl students aged 20 to 24 in Shahid Bahonar university of Kerman، Iran in 2012. Respiratory allergy symptoms were recorded using a specialized questionnaire. Lung function was measured using FVC، FEV1، PEFR، FVC/FEV1% and FEF25-75% parameters in the mid-follicular and mid-luteal phases of menstrual cycle. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18، Kolmogorov-Smirnov، paired t-test and independent t-test. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. FEV1 and FEF25-75% in the luteal phase of menstrual cycle was significantly reduced compared with the follicular phase (p=0. 01، p=0. 04) and compared to allergic and non-allergic individuals in two phases، FVC and FEV1 were significantly reduced in luteal phase (p=0. 03، p=0. 04). Pulmonary flows measured in the luteal phase decrease compare with the follicular phase، so the lung function is influenced by menstrual cycle phases and responses can be linked to individual''s allergic conditions.

Gestational hypertension is seen in 10% of pregnant women and is associated with fetal and maternal complications such as preterm birth، intrauterine growth retardation، asphyxia، fetal death، pre-and postpartum hemorrhage and maternal mortality. Sleep apnea is one of the factors that may be associated with Gestational hypertension. The present study has been implemented to investigate the relationship between sleep apnea and gestational hypertension. This case-control study was conducted on 15 hypertensive diabetic and 45 normotensive diabetic pregnant women referred to diabetes center in Saqqez، Iran in 2013. Berlin questionnaire and blood pressure chart were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 18)، independent t-test، chi-square and Fisher exact tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. 9 cases (20%) of the normotensive diabetic pregnant mothers and 8 cases (53. 3%) of hypertensive diabetic pregnant women and had sleep apnea، and the risk of hypertension in mothers with sleep apnea was 4. 5 times higher than mothers without sleep apnea. There is a relationship between sleep apnea and hypertension among women with gestational diabetes.