فصلنامه زیبایی شناسی ادبی
سال چهارم شماره 15 (بهار 1392)

Morphology of folk tales in 1928 by Russian formalist" Vladimir propp" began his work based on the characters and the story has been placed in recent years, one of the most common methods in structural analysis of stories. In this article" haft khane Esfandyar" that shahnameye ferdosi’s, including tales adventurous and it’s subject about helping sister’s by Esfandyar from Khagane Chin chain’s, has been studied; for this purpose, an introduction and explanation about the morphology, background research and introduce haft khane Esfandyar, the stories based on propp’s model as initial conditions, absenteeism, business news and … been analyzed and finally a story form, including: The color,angle,time and place and… has been investigated.This study suggests that haft khane Esfandyar has a largely folk tales features and structural patterns agree with propp’s pattern has been found.

Minimalism is reckoned of the most important art movements after world war II which has made a new procedure is story writing: contemporary human’s spirit, is weary of industry years and technology, is consistently seeking for tranquility, beauty and simplicity occulted within the art works, and perhaps minimalism provides the best environment to meet these requirements. The aim of minimalists is tendency to simplicity and having no relish to live that we can search this issue in the past literary of Iran, since great classic literally of Iran by having a live and productive art, is a suitable bed for finding sources of new arts. One of these works story-shape work of Kelile and Demne. Brevity and shortness of most stories of Kelile and Demne, simplicity and reality, integrity and perfection and … in them are attributes that lead mind toward finding minimalism roots in the classic literally. This article tries to discover the roots of minimalism in the stories of Kelile and Demne, so with this study we can reach a new perception of the past art works, specially “stories and short stories”. To achieve this aim, at first it briefly referred to minimalist and its place in story writing, then on the basis of minimalistic characteristics and content analysis, selected stories are investigated. By declaring the similarities and differences between stories of Kelile and Demne and minimalism art, we conclude that stories of Kelile and Demne hove a lot of similarities with minimalism; although we cannot absolutely figure them minimal.

Shafie kadkani 's poetic language structure is reflecting his innovation and artistic creativity. He respects both the principles of beauty and obviously knowing principle. He has managed the development of language from the aesthetic point of view achieve the new meaning against the old meaning. He did this work through innovation in the use of words inventing and creating words and new combination, words in context and syntax and approach to creating interactive and regard to sounds and he achieved to his highlighting and beautiful creation in own poetical language. Recent investigation investigation investigating such innovation in poem's shafiI kadkani.

Oral Literature is cultural foundation of every tribe and the base of written literature of each nation, and paying attention to its hidden literal beauty causes fertilization and enrichment of culture and literature of every country. Lullabies makes up a significant part of oral literature that has a deep connection to the nature and people’s life and indicates their various spiritual and material dimensions. In the present study 700 Persian and 700 Tajik hemistich lullabies were analyzed. In addition of a brief reference to the folk literature and presentation of explanations about the meaning of term of lullaby in Iran and Tajikistan, aesthetic aspects of lullabies are also analyzed.

The structuralism school is followed up with a review of solidarity within th context and coherence between them to engage analyze a literary work.A part of the literature that structuralisms are analyising on it, it's "Folk tales".Vladmayerpropp is the most important person in this context that offered morphology design of stories.he believed to both the role and character.in this study, seven stories of Haft peykar has been studied by Propp views and his critics.during this seven stories, the hero has the greatest role and his complementary character is generous.only 23 of his total 31 special role, repeats during the stories.stories of major events, sepecially in two-thirds and one-thirds have symptoms. the symptoms often is about characters and the tale use less than area symptoms in his description applies.The model based on story narrated Grymas except saturday, textured story of a negative situation into a positive situation. with this analysis the end of every story will end well that transfer to contact much more lyrical aspects.

Simile and metaphor are among the most important elements of Fantasy by which the poets can imagine their Feeling and emotion better.sweetheart is the topic which has been Concentrated and paid attention in Persian poem and especially Sonnet.Hafez and Khajoo pictures and illustrated the beauty of the Sweetheart by using Similes and metaphors in their Sonnets.In this article, the Similes and metaphors related to the Sweetheart and her appearance have been surveyed and analyzed, and Finally the popular Similes and metaphors in the description of the sweetheart have been illustrated on the diagram.the result of the surveys shows that the Similes and metaphors of both poets about the sweetheart have been nearly the same, and their description and illustration about the sweetheart have Similar and repetitive a cliché in most cases.

Ghasem Kashkouli is an innovative writer whose stories benefit from modern constructs and post-modern tendencies. Being an experimentalist, he does not generally conform to writings common conventions. Kashkouli convincingly applies word plays and neologies in his works. His “The Woman Walks in the Sidewalk” collection of stories (Saless, 1388) is composed of eight short stories with distinct narrative techniques. The 7th story of this collection – The Sin of A Cloth-dealer from Langeroud – is about an old man who just like every day wakes up / doesn’t wake up, and does the daily routines, remembering his late relatives. There is a considerable suspense in the story setting and its structure. Recently, more than ever, literary criticism has become of an interdisciplinary nature. In other words, it has adopted many of its principles and procedures from other disciplines in Humanities. The writer of the present paper has tried to investigate the elements of the story. He has also attempted to classify the Signs into six categories of signs, symptoms, indexes, icons, symbols, and names, utilizing the theoretical model of Albert Cebeok, as one of the most prominent figures in study of signs, and Ferdinand de Saussure ideas. He has further tackled the symbolic analysis of the story using the six token functions proposed by Roman Jakobson, and Charles Sanders Peirce.