نشریه مطالعات اخلاق کاربردی
سال سوم شماره 11 (پاییز 1392)

Family is one of the most important social institutions. The most significant function of this institution is raising children and transmitting cultural elements and values to the next generation. Among the family members, the role of women, from physiological and social - cultural aspects, either as a role of a wife or a mother, is very important. However, in the West, along with modernity movements and then, based on the teachings of feminism which were carried out in the name of protecting women's rights, functions of family and the position and status of a wife and a mother have undergone vast changes This study intends to perform pathology of Western Family from the perspective of Islamic Revolution Leader, Ayatollah Khamenei. For this purpose, a collection of his speeches in the context of family, culture and the West were gathered and then coded by a particular thematic analyzing method and a total of 50 codes were extracted. The three categories with the titles "The position of a wife in the family based on the western culture", "The position of a mother in the family is based on the western culture" and "pathology of family based on western culture" were analyzed through content analysis The results of this study indicate that based on his view, some elements of western culture have weakened the foundation of family, since this culture, due to its incomplete understanding of women's personality and because of imposing improper roles for them which are beyond their physical capabilities, has had destructive consequences for the society. Some of these negative consequences are: disvaluing the marriage, causing the youth to forget their real identity, reducing the age of committing crime, increasing the unethical. conducts like homosexuality. According to Ayatollah Khamenei's view, what can cause our culture to be destroyed is the weakness of family; the issue which western culture has faced with.

Various forms of relationship such as emotional, legal, jurisprudential and … exist among members of a family. The ethical relationship between wife and husband is one of these relations. This relationship is either initiated from husband or wife and may be described either in terms of positive virtues and what is recommended or in terms of vices and what is forbidden. The focus of this study has been to investigate the necessary ethical conducts a husband must maintain towards his wife. The key question this study seeks to answer is what is the Islamic attitude towards the husband's proper ethical conducts with his wife? And what recommendations are offered in this regard. To answer this question, the Quranic verses and traditions were investigated using descriptive-analytic method. It was concluded that in addition to the emphasis religion puts on wife-husband relationship and the guarantees predicted by Islam, the pivotal principle that Quran strongly recommends is that husbands should maintain proper conducts towards their wives. This principle has been emphasized in traditions too, in addition, some samples clarifying the proper ethical conducts have been expressed, ten of which have been mentioned in this essay.

In many Islamic Narrations, the concept of "Gheyrat" (having sexual jealousy) not only is regarded as just a masculine virtue, but also, ithas been strongly condemned in women and described as a kind of feminine envy or jealousy. Now it is worth discussing if a woman with no purpose of jealousy and just to keep his relationship with her husband strong and lasting, tried to observe him more closely, just to maintain the stability and persistency of her family, would she be considered jealous? Dont women have rights to feel zealous of their husbands under any circumstances? This paper intends to analyze the different roles women may have in defining some Islamic ethical terms and measure the extent to which they impact on such moral issues like morality of "Ggeyrat" based on Islamic traditions and verses of the Noble Quran It seems that in some ethical issues like "Gheyrat" what has caused distinction between men and women in the view of Islam is the result of women's role in the society or family and should not be interpreted as Islamic general perspective about women's personality.

Today, in most countries, divorce is considered as a major social problem. It seems that lifestyle and its associated components, in particular religious attitudes and moral commitment among married couples, can influence the relationship between marital status and the action for divorce. The present study examined the relationship between religious attitudes, moral commitment and lifestyle, marital status (divorced / non-divorced) men and women in Isfahan. This study has been done applying descriptive-correlational and causalcomparative approaches. The target population consists of all the male and female volunteers within the city of Isfahan (both applicants and non-applicants for divorce). The target population, which included 203 divorce applicants and 202 non-applicants, were selected through accessible sampling method. The Questionnaires used in this study are: Baraheni's questionnaire for measuring attitude, dimensions of commitment inventory and Life-style questionnaires. For statistical analysis point- biserial correlation and Mann-whitney U test were used Based on the findings of this study, the elements of religious attitude and moral commitment of individuals can significantly determine their marital status (being divorced/married). Accordingly the individuals with high levels of religious attitude and moral commitment are less likely to apply for divorce Based on the results of this study, religious attitude and moral commitment can be regarded as two important and fundamental factors in the stability of marital relationships.

Family is the most important social unit in which children's moral education is guaranteed and their moral virtues are developed. In both Quranic verses and Ahlol Bayt's narrations a chain of influential teachings regarding training children have been mentioned to the extent that we can claim Islam regards the wife's skill in training children as one of the criteria in choosing the proper partner. On the other hand, a wide range of ethical rules in Islam are aimed to govern the relationship between spouses. Based on one of these rules spouses are encouraged to ignore their partner's infidelity. Considering the effects of infidelity on spouse's relationship on one hand and its negative influences on children's training on the other hand may confront the husband as a moral agent with an ethical dilemma (in which one has to perform an act due to its positive consequences and to avoid it at the same time for its negative outcomes). He has to ignore his wife's infidelity as a moral principle recommended by Islam and at the same time his moral duty of training his children requires him not to ignore such divergence and take an action. This essay seeks to investigate the dilemma in different situations (15 situations at least) and then suggests the best solution for the dilemma.

Having desirable standards of living along with hope are two basic factors to guarantee a healthy social and individual way of life. Likewise, studying such factors which influence the quality of life and increase longevity is of great importance too. One of these influential elements is "Spiritual Therapy". This study aims to inspect the effects of spiritual therapy on the improvement of life quality and hope on Isfahan married women in 2011-12. In the study, 30 married women from the city with the age range of 21 to 63 have been selected as the study sample. Then randomly, they were placed into two experimental and control groups. The brief edition of Quality of Life Survey made by world health organization (WHOQOL-BREF) and the questionerof measuring adult hope were used in this study. Only the experimental group received 8 sessions of spiritual therapy. The analysis of covariance showed that Spiritual therapy increases the quality of life and hope in the experimental group. Based on the findings of the study, spiritual therapy can be effective on the improvement of life quality and hope in married women and should be used as an effective way of therapy in psychotherapy centers.

The main question of this essay is: how can human capacity be increased to endure problems? According to Quranic teachings and Hadith instructions, one of the ways leading to this purpose is "Tavakul", relying on God. To prove this, the present essay has been designed and is aimed to psychologically elaborate on the concept of reliance ad will investigate the function of reliance in increasing man's endurance when faced with life's problems. Based on the findings of the study, reliance on God may cause the person to experience changes in his cognition and perception of life and bring about new qualities. Such changes will build up his level of tolerance. When a person relies on God, he experiences a new kind of attitude through which the positive qualities of "calmness" and "confidence" are developed in his personality. Such qualities are the necessary elements of tolerance. These consequences were obtained through analyzing the "context" and "prerequisites" of the "reliance" and have been adapted to the field of family problems in increasing tolerance of family members when faced with "tragic events" or "bad behaviors".

Sexual desire is one of the important human needs which some people try to satisfy through traumatic ways. One of these ways is the use of pornographic products in various forms which are available to individuals and can result in irreversible harms to both society and individuals. The major harm caused by using such products is its negative impact on women at first and consequently on marriage and family. Accordingly, the main objective of the present study is the pathology of using such products for women. This is a qualitative study done with a phenomenological approach based on the purposeful sampling. In this regard, 20 men who were involved in suing pornographic products like videos and pictures were interviewed in detail. Data analysis was carried out using Kuliz method. Based on the findings of this study, the outcomes of using such products can be classified into two categories of attitudinal outcomes (in which a woman is regarded as a sexual means and may lead to fear of friendliness, improper conception of women and disruption of marriage.) and active outcomes (in which sexual modeling, sexual addiction, rape and sexual violence and lustful sexual intercourse are done).