نشریه پرستاری کودکان
سال یکم شماره 2 (زمستان 1393)

Parents of sick infants are incurred more stress than parents of healthy term infants. Since an important part of the responsibility of nurses are supports to the parents. The aim of this study was understands the system of parental support in neonatal intensive care unit. Qualitative content analysis was used in this study. The participants included 21 parents، doctors and nurses in Isfahan hospitals who were selected by purposive sampling method. Based on data analysis، four main categories were identified. Insurance organizations do not support the disruption of family support، parental economic problems، and cultural contexts. The family is the most important part of the community. Parental support system was impaired in neonatal intensive care unit. It is necessary to provide optimal care and environment NICU should be changed، Parents are involved in the care and necessary actions were done to promote the cultural background of community.

Having a family member with a disability is often challenging for each member in the family، and families always are not able to manage these challenges. Provide basic information by support system for families، especially for caregivers of these children can be considered an effective step in to support them. Determine of The effect of group training on caring behaviors of caregivers with intellectually disabled children The randomized clinical trial with control group was conducted in Narges rehabilitation center، Miyaneh، 2013. In this study 64 caregivers of intellectual disability children 6-18 years old were randomly divided into two groups. 6 session training classes were held for the intervention group but the control group did not receive any intervention. At both the beginning and end of the study، data were collected based on the behavior questionnaires، that developed by the researcher. In both groups، before of intervention the average behavior score، was not statistically significant. The results showed that 1. 5 month after the intervention، an increase in behavior of caregivers in the intervention group before (48. 64±5. 63) and after (58. 46±2. 77) was significant (P<0. 05). Group training to caregivers of intellectually disabled children due to improve their caring behaviors. Also، by giving the necessary information to such families can be encouraged them to participate in promoting the quality of their lives and their children.

evidence-based nursing guidelines are the gold standard in increasing quality of clinical implementation and nurses'' knowledge. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit nurses to provide high quality of care، need to have a valid guidelines، could provide appropriate services to high-risk infants. The most important factor in improving the quality of care is evaluation of nurses'' knowledge and awareness. The aim of this study was “Effect of education of evidence-based nursing guidelines on the nurses'' knowledge in the NICU”. This intervention study is done in، all nurses working in the NICU Baqiyatallah (AJ) hospital in Tehran city in 2014. Before and after of guidelines education، nurses'' knowledge was measured by tests accordance to twenty guidelines. The mean scores before education was 40 (6. 03)، two weeks after education75. 41 (8. 10) and two months after education 95. 83 (6. 33). Significant statistical difference via between the mean scores before and after education in the intervention group compared with the control group. (P=0. 0001). According to effective role of the evidence-based guidelines as a valuable standard in promoting quality health care services، increase nurses'' knowledge and raising the level of public health; therefore it is recommended to the authorities and managers of the hospitals have coherent planning for education of evidence-based nursing guidelines through workshops and educational meetings.

Support of parents of children with cancer requires health care personnel to be knowledgeable about the prevalence posttraumatic stress symptoms among parents of children with cancer. This study thus was conducted to fulfill this aim. Using the Impact of event Scale- Revised for parents of children with cancer، 200 parents of these children in two hospitals supervised by Kerman University of Medical Sciences was assessed. The total mean score of posttraumatic stress symptoms was 41. 70. Among all categories of the Impact of Event Scale- Revised، the highest mean belonged to the category of “intrusion” 16. 03 (SD = 6. 24) and the lowest one belonged to the category of “hyperarousal” 10. 68 (SD = 4. 58). Based on the results، mothers had higher posttraumatic stress symptoms compared to fathers (P < 0. 05). Adjusted odd ratio showed that the prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms among mothers was 2. 49 times more than that among fathers (P= 0. 01). The results of following study revealed that posttraumatic stress symptoms among mothers of children with cancer in Iran are higher compared to the fathers. There were no association between socio-demographic data and posttraumatic stress symptoms. More study is needed to elucidate the Iranian parents’ experience of having children with cancer.

Hospitalization of a sick infant in the neonatal intensive care unit was very stressful for parents. They are faced with a number of needs which recognizing these (needs) particularly at discharge time can bereduce their worries about how to health care of their infant. This study was aimed to assessment needs of parents of infants hospitalized in the NICU at discharge time. This study is a descriptive analytic study. The sample size was determined based on a pilot study of 92 patients. Data were collected through demographic information questionnaires of Mothers، fathers and neonates and a 56-item questionnaire CCFNI. Using SPSS version 19، the index of central tendency and dispersion and paired t-test، data were analyzed and a significance level of 0/05 was considered. Findings relating to discharge requirements showed from mothers point of view that need to feel confident was as the most important need (3/80 ± 0/21) and the need of support was the least important (3/24 ± 0/33). Results also showed between the total score domains of needs of mothers with a history of hospitalized infants in the NICU and infant’s diagnosis and the total score domains was significantly different (P=0/03). Identifying the needs of parents of newborn discharge process provides the medical staff with opportunity to focus on and meet the needs. In this study showed that، the most important need was the need to assurance so that meeting the needs of the parent’s reduces the risk of re-hospitalization of neonate. On the other hand this increases the confidence of parents in the care of premature infants at home.

In recent years، patient safety has become a major concern for many goverments، organizations and healthcare providers. The World Health Organization estimates that medical errors impact at least on 1 of 10 patient around the world. Because of complexity of the neonatal intensive care (NICU) environment، and the vulnerability of the neonates increase the risk for medical errors and also neonatal nurses typically are on the forefront of defense to protect patient safety، this study was conducted to assess the safe practice of nurses in neonatal intensive care units of Tabriz. using a cross – sectional study method، practice of 90 nurses in neonatal intensive care unit was observed with using of safe practice checklist in 9 domain. By focusing on errors associated with Blood/laboratory studies، Radiology studies، Delays in patient service، Information transfer، Patient care equipment/medical devices، Patient transport، Pain، Hospital or unit policies and guidelines، Infection control standards were investigated. The study period was from july to august 2013. a total of 5094 events were assessed by safe practice checklist. 1116 errors detected and 3978 events were without error. overall average of safe practice of nurses was 78 percent. The lowest level of errors (0. 22%) was detected in field of blood/laboratory studies and the highest level of errors (48. 4%) had occurred in field of the pain management. according to the results، the nurses demonstrated good performance in major patient safety domains. poor performance about some of the check list items such as pain management was observed.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disabilities are common deficits in childhood which causes many injuries in the process of education، and social communication of children into it. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in intelligence profile of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and children with learning disabilities in children with normal intelligence profile. In a comparative study، 90 children were randomly selected (30 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder، and 30 normal children and 30 children with learning disabilities). Tools were used: Wechsler Intelligence Test for Children، key mat mathematic test، phonological awareness، and Writing Disorder and Conners Questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that significant differences exist between groups of variables (p<0/001)، F (8&166) =9/66، 0/93 = Hotelling Effect). Results of single variable and post hoc tests also showed that the only variable verbal comprehension between normal children and children with learning disabilities there are significant differences (0/05> p). The perceptual reasoning varies between any of the three groups (groups of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder، learning disability group and the normal group)، no significant differences were observed (0/05< p). The processing speed is variable between the three groups (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder، learning disability group and the normal group)، there are two significant differences (0/05> p). Based on the results it is necessary to consider the differences between the intelligence profiles in the education of children. And the same method for teaching these children should be avoided.

Development in technology and pharmaceutical treatments have increased the number of children with life threatening conditions as well as their end of life care requirements. These children and their families require comprehensive and appropriate end of life care. Nurses are faced with challeng in their efforts to provide end of life care. This study was aimed to assessment of Barriers in providing end of life care to terminally ill pediatric patients in kerman hospital. In a descriptive analytic study،151 nursing staff were Selected with Purposive sampling. A translated modified version of (NSCCNR-EOL) and demoghraphic questionnaire was used to data collection. The highest perceived barrier magnitude score was «families not accepting poor child prognosis” (5/40) and the lowest perceived barrier magnitude score belonged to the item “Continuing to provide advanced treatment to dying child because of financial benefits to the hospital” (2/09). Between Participants’ family and closed friends’ death experience positively correlated with perceived organizational-related barriers magnitude (p=0/02). Also participants’ nursing experience positively correlated with perceived health-care professional related barriers magnitude (p=0/02). The study findings showed that lack of education and experience as well as some cultural and professional limitations may have contributed to some deficiencies in providing end of life care. So developing end of life and Palliative care education may enhance nurses’ knowledge and skill to face the challenges of end of life care. Establishing Palliative care units in the community as well as developing of palliative home care programs that focus on family members، who play an important role in children’s care may have positive effect on pediatric end of life care.