مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال هفدهم شماره 134 (هفته چهارم بهمن 1393)

Congenital rickets which is a nutritional rickets is caused by low levels of vitamin D during fetal period that its cause is lack of this vitamin in pregnant mother. This study was performed with the aim to evaluate cord vitamin D level and the factors effective on it in the sample of Iranian born neonates. This cross sectional study was performed on the pregnant women who had referred to three hospitals of Mashhad University of medical sciences for delivery. A sample of 5 cc cord blood of 190 newborns was prepared. Calcium، phosphor، vitamin D، and alkaline phosphates were measured in the neonate''s cord blood sample. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 16)، and Chi-square، Fisher exact، Kolmogronov-Smironov، paired t، Wilcoxon، Independent t، and Mann-Whitney tests. 15 mothers (7. 9%) had underlying disease that 12 women had diabetes mellitus and 3 (1. 6%) had preeclampsia. 77 mothers (40. 5%) mentioned use of vitamin D. Severe vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D level less than 12 ng/ml) was observed in 63 mothers (33. 2%) and moderate vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D level between 12-20 ng/ml) in 99 (52. 1%)، and normal vitamin D level in 28 (14. 7%). The results of present study confirm the relative high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant mothers and insufficient sun light exposure and maternal skin type were its main risk factor.

Menopause is a phenomenon which all women will experience it. Social support has a protective role for mental health and enable the person to cope with problems and has significant impact in reducing stress and depression. Since husband is the most important person who can provide this social support، this study was performed with the aim to evaluate the effect of training about program menopausal health to husband of women aged 40-50 years on perceived social support among women.

This semi-experimental study was performed on 100 women aged 45-55 years and their husbands in Yazd at 2014. Participants were randomly allocated in two groups of intervention (50 couples) and control (50 couples). Data collection tools were the demographic questionnaire for women and men، the questionnaire assessing men''s knowledge and performance about menopause، and Perceived Social Support – Family Scale (PSSFa) Procidano and Heller questionnaire which were completed before and two months after the intervention in both groups. In intervention group، an educational program was performed in three sessions of 60 minutes by lecture method، but the control group was received no education. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 20)، and paired t، Independent t، one-way ANOVA، Chi-square، Fisher exact، and Pearson correlation tests.

In intervention group، the knowledge and performance of men and the mean score of women’s perceived social support about menopausal health was increased two months after educational program and this increase was statistically significant (P<0. 0001)، but in control group، no significant difference was observed in these regard (P=0. 129، P=0. 394، P=0. 841).

Training of menopausal health to the husbands can increase perceived social support in women during transitional period to menopause. It is recommended to design and implement the written educational program for husbands about menopause and support of menopausal women during transitional period to menopause.

Diagnosis of breast cancer and living with it is a stressful experience which has a serious effect on daily life and especially on couples'' sexual relationship. Treatment outcomes severely affect their lives at later stages، especially the problems caused by the body image and sexual functioning which is an important part of quality of life in breast cancer survivals. This present study was performed with the aim to evaluate the couples'' sexual function and satisfaction after mastectomy. This analytic epidemiologic study was performed on 64 women with breast cancer referring to the radiotherapy ward of Golestan hospital in Ahvaz and their husbands. The sample size included of 32 women with breast cancer undergoing mastectomy after at least six months of surgery and 32 women with breast cancer who had undergone lumpectomy. Data collection tools were the questionnaire of demographic characteristics، Larson standard questionnaire of sexual functioning and sexual satisfaction. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 19)، and Chi-squared، and independent t tests. Two groups had statistically significant difference in terms of mean sexual functioning (P<0. 001). Level of sexual desire، arousal، lubrication، sexual satisfaction and pain during intercourse was significantly different between two groups (P>0. 05)، but the difference in achieving to orgasm was not significant between two groups (P>0. 05). Sexual satisfaction in case group was 21. 9% and in control group 78. 1% and this difference was statistically significant (P<0. 001). Sexual satisfaction of husbands in case group was 30. 6% and in control group 69. 4% that statistically significant difference was observed between two groups (P<0. 001). Mastectomy (complete removal of breast) compared to lumpectomy (removing a section of breast) has a remarkable effect on couples'' sexual satisfaction.