Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Volume:18 Issue: 12, 2015

Recent publications indicate that consumption of soy products may have favorable effects on body composition and blood pressure. These effects might be associated with presence of specific polymorphism in Apo E gene. This study was conducted to examine the effects of consumption of soy flour enriched bread on anthropometric indices and blood pressure and its association with ApoE genotype in overweight and obese women. In this randomized cross-over clinical، 30 overweight and obese women were randomly assigned to regular diet and soy bread diet groups and received a mild weight loss diet for 6 weeks and a washout period for 20-d. Subjects in the soy bread diet were asked to consume 120 gr of enriched soy bread instead of the same amount of their usual bread intake. No significant effects of soy bread on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and anthropometric indices were observed compared to the regular diet (P> 0. 05). For diastolic blood pressure (DBP)، comparison of mean differences of variables between two groups showed a marginally significant effect of soy bread (P=0. 06). Compared to the regular diet، soy bread had a significant effect on DBP in the group with ApoE2 allele (P=0. 028). Soy bread consumption might have favorable effects on the blood pressure of overweight and obese women with E2 allele.

Phenol and its components are toxic materials found in various environmental resources due to industrial development. It is necessary to eliminate these toxic substances for the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the concentration of biodegradable organic matter and the phenol removal rate from oil refinery wastewater using anaerobic pond.. In the present study a pilot-scale anaerobic pond system was used with dimension of 1 × 1 × 0.2 m and retention time of 2 and 5 days at two temperatures (above 20° C and below 10° C). To determine the relationship between phenol removal and concentration of biodegradable materials, retention time and various temperatures, two-way ANOVA and Scheffe’s post-hoc tests were used. the maximum rate of phenol removal (95.8%) (87.51%) were reported in the concentration of 500 mg/l of biodegradable materials with 5 days retention time and temperature of >20 ° C. Also, the minimum rate of phenol removal (16.8 %) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (7.5%) were obtained in the concentration of 10000 mg/l of biodegradable materials with retention time of 2 days and temperature of <10 ° C. the maximum phenol removal rate in the anaerobic pond occurred in the retention time of 5 days, higher temperature, and concentration of 500 mg /l of biodegradable COD.

Traffic accidents, with lots of casualties and injuries, cause a lot of economic loss. This study was conducted to determine the Years Lived with Disability (YLD) due to road traffic accidents according to the nature of injuries in Kermanshah province. following a pilot study, a sample of 3258 people was analyzed in order to calculate the YLD. Then, based on various factors, the age, gender and nature of injury of 10070 people were estimated. The YLD was calculated using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) (2010). The data concerning age and gender of the total population of the province was taken from the Statistical Center of Iran. All calculations were performed based on age and gender in Excel software. The mean age of the injured people was 32.7±17.1. Men constituted 67.7 % of patients. The incidence rate of traffic accidents was 283.6 per 100,000. The highest levels of YLD in outpatients, men and women were reported for patella, tibia, fibula and ankle fractures and fractures of clavicle, scapula, humerus and skull, respectively. The highest rate of inpatient YLDs by nature of injury belonged to the fractures of sternum, ribs and face bone. The years lived with disability was calculated to be 2365.96 years (2.46 per 1000) and 1039.01 years (1.1 per 1000) for men and women, respectively. It was 3404.97 years (1.79 per 1000) in both genders. The highest YLD was in the age group of 15–29. The results showed that the high rate of YLD resulting from traffic accidents, which mostly included the fractures and young age groups.

The present research investigated the relationship between suicide ideation and Behavioral Inhibition/Activation Systems (BIS/BAS) and perfectionism in university Students. This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on200 students at university of Tabriz that were selected by multistage cluster sampling. The subjects answered three questionnaires: Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) and Gray-Wilson Personality Questionnaire (GWPQ). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple regression. Results showed that there is a significant relationship between suicide ideation and behavioral inhibition system (R=0/55), self-oriented perfectionism(R=0/40) and sociallyprescribed perfectionism (0/47) (p=0.01). Also, the results of regression analysis showed that behavioral inhibition system, self-oriented and socially-prescribed perfectionism could significantly predict suicide ideation. Behavioral activation system (BIS) and self-oriented /socially prescribed perfectionism were correlated to and could predict suicide ideation.

Academic collaboration is sharing the expertise, resources and abilities by researchers. This study examined academic collaboration among the authors of articles published in Iranian English language journals of ministry of health, indexed in the Web of Science and its correlation with article citations, 2005-2011. This study was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study. The data were collected using a researcher-designed checklist. The study population was 6388 articles from 21 Iranian English language journals of ministry of health, indexed in the Web of Science. Data were collected by referring to each journal and counting the number of authors and citations allocated to any article. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS and Excel software. A total of 6388 articles published in 21 journals were analyzed according to the intended criteria. %17.8 of journals was monthly, %19.6 was tow-monthly and% 62.7 was quarterly. On average, 4.37 authors collaborated in writing each article. The mean of collaborative coefficient was 0.67. There was positively significant correlation between the number of authors and the number of citations to each article. The academic collaboration among the authors of examined articles enjoyed a favorable status, which is indicative of spirit of teamwork among the Iranian researchers. However, the rate of citations to articles in the examined journals was not in a good condition; hence, the factors affecting citation to articles, especially academic collaboration between researchers should be taken into consideration.

Rapid growth of the elderly population followed by an increase in long term care will lead to a rise in the health costs of the elderly and the healthcare burden of their caregivers. This study was carried out to examine the factors affecting the burden of care for informal caregivers in order to design better interventional programs and to reduce this burden and unwanted consequences. This cross-sectional study was conducted in retirement associations of Tehran in 2012. The study population included 200 elderly and 200 caregivers. The instruments for data collection included two questionnaires about the elderly and their caregivers that were completed in a face-to-face interview. The data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using multiple linear regression. About 60% of the elderly and 34% of caregivers were female. Burden of care was low in 70%, moderate in 11.5%, and high in 18.5% of caregivers. Female caregivers were suffering 1.42 unit more burden of care than male caregivers (P= 0.027). Also, there was a significant association between the burden of care of untrained caregivers and instrumental activities of the daily living of the elderly (P< 0.001), daily activity of the elderly (P= 0.001) and adequacy of wage (= 0.001). According to the results, being a female caregiver, daily physical activity of the elderly, instrumental activities of the daily living of the elderly, and adequacy of the wage were the most important factors in increasing the burden of care for caregivers of the elderly.

The elderly are considered as one of the vulnerable groups as they are subjected to the risk of decrease of participation in different domains of their life due to losing their jobs, a drop in salary and the increase of health-related problems. The current research was aimed to seek the elderly social exclusion domains in various countries around the world. This systematic review analyzed the published studies from 1999 to 2013. The articles were searched using the keywords of social exclusion along with old people, aging, elderly both in Persian and English in Google search engine and the Iranian and international databases. From among 77 studies obtained, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria for this research. the findings indicated that the majority of studies (9) were conducted in Britain and the most common logical model was distributional and relational approach. Indicators were categorized in 5 domains: economic, social, health, environmental and neighborhood, and discrimination and elderly-oriented. In 50 percent of studies, access or lack of access to services, civil participations and social relations, in 12.5 percent of studies, access to proper health and in 18.7 percent of studies, living in secure environment and neighborhood were the indicators which attracted the most attention in evaluating the elderly social exclusion. Generally, choosing a logical and proper model to design and evaluate social exclusion contributed to decreasing the problems of social exclusion evaluation. Using the data gathered in family panels can also facilitate access to the data related to periodical evaluation of social exclusion.

In recent years, increased life expectancy has caused the emergence of aging phenomenon in Iran. This study was conducted on 79 elderly in nursing homes. Data were collected by the demographic questionnaire, Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTs) and Barthel Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Index. The mean score of AMT was 4.06 (SD: 3.05) and the mean of Barthel Index was 66.15 (SD: 33.27). Results indicated a significantly positive correlation between cognitive status and activities of daily living (P=0.001, r=0.354). Accordingly, cognitive status can be a good predictor of functional independence in activities of daily living for the elderly.